2012届高考英语二轮复习精品课件第3模块 阅读理解 专题6　史地常识型阅读理解

专题六史地常识型阅读理解,专题六史地常识型阅读理解,专题六专题导读,历史地理类文章一般涉及某个国家或地区的河流、山脉、海洋、城镇等的地理位置以及与之相关的社会生活、社会风情、政治经济、人文历史、自然资源、文化习俗、文化遗产等方面的情况，相当一部分文章还附有图表供理解或参考。文章选材来源于英语国家的主要名胜或历史事件；命题以细节题为主，有一定主观推断题；涉及一定的地理常识或历史知识。阅读史地类文章时，要重点弄清楚各个地名、人名之间的相互关系和各个国家、地区或城镇之间的地理方位。如果文章或试题有附图或附表，一定要把附图或附表看懂、看明白。附图或附表的存在就是帮助我们更好地读懂和理解文章，辅助我们做好有关试题。,专题六真题典例,【2011广东卷】Inaworldwithlimitedland,waterandothernaturalresources(资源),theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherise.Actually,thepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandtheglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechanged,andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable(可持续的)ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwords,weshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.,专题六真题典例,Today,sustainabledevelopmentisapopulartrendinmanycountries.Accordingtoarecentstudy,theglobalmarketforlowcarbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecade.China,forexample,hassetitsmindonleadingthatmarket,hopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyrevolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergy,andisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhighspeedtrains.Inaddition,wearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil(棕榈油),whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.,专题六真题典例,Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.First,theycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions(排放)andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besides,strongermanagementofpublicresourceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.Finally,governmentscanavoidthehugepublicexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirection,andredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromthetraditionalmodeltoasustainableone.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltask,butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.,专题六真题典例,()1.ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat_.AitmakestheworldwarmerBitconsumesnaturalresourcesCitbringsseveredamagetoforestsDitmakesgrowthhardtocontinue()2.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?AChinalackswindandsolarenergy.BChinaistheleaderofthelowcarbonmarket.CHighspeedtrainsarealowcarbondevelopment.DPalmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests.,专题六真题典例,()3.Tofulldevelopthelowcarbonmarkets,governmentscan_.AcutpublicexpensesBforbidcarbonemissionsCdeveloppublicresourcesDencourageenergyconservation()4.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesseshavemanychancesto_.AdevelopsustainableproductsBexplorenewnaturalresourcesCmakefulluseofnaturalresourcesDdealwiththemajorchallenge,专题六真题典例,()5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?ATointroduceanewbusinessmodel.BTocomparetwobusinessmodels.CTopredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.DToadvocatesustainabledevelopment.,专题六真题典例,【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了传统经济发展模式给地球带来了许多危害：破坏了森林、使全球气候变暖等。现在，低碳、可持续发展的经济模式成为许多国家的主流发展方向。中国政府正在充分发挥潜能大力开发新的低耗能、低排放的新能源市场。1B细节理解题。根据第一段可知传统经济发展模式的危害，四个选项中只有B项未提到，故选B。2C推理判断题。综合第二段的内容可知选C。3D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“First,theycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions(排放)andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.”可知选D。,专题六真题典例,4A推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thatisnosmalltask,butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.”可知选A。5D写作意图题。文章由传统经济发展模式的弊端引出可持续发展经济模式并阐述了可持续发展经济模式的好处及发展方向。故选D。,专题六新题预测,(一)Thereareseveralskihillsthatcanbefoundlocally,andnotsolocally.Heresabitofaninformalsnowreportforanyvisitorstothecitywhomaybeunfamiliarwiththelocaloptionsforskiing.SunshineVillageSunshineisdefinitelythepremierskihillinthearea.OfallthehillsinAlberta,Sunshineistheonethathasearnedinternationalrenown.Ticketpricesarecheaperthisyearthantheyhavebeeninthepast.Adultspay$76.5,Seniors$61.5,andChildrenonlypay$26.5.Atpresent,theyhaveasnowbaseof107cm.Theterrain(地形)isamixofbotheasyandhardruns.,专题六新题预测,LakeLouiseOfalltheskiresortsnearbyitisthelargestwith4,200acresofskiableterrain.Ithasthebestbalanceofeasytodifficultruns,anditgetssnowof93cmrightnow.Adultspay$75.5,Seniorspay$54.5,andChildrenpay$24.5.LakeLouiseisagreatchoiceforanyonelookingtodosomeeasyaccessbackcountryskiing.MountNorquayMountNorquayislocatedacrosstheTransCandahighwayfromthetownofBanff.IthaslesschallengingterrainthaneitherSunshineorLakeLouisa.However,itisalsoaveryeconomicdecision,anditistheonlyskihillintheregionthatoffershourlyratesandnightskiingonFridays.Allin,专题六新题预测,allthisisagreathilltogoandspendanafternoonorearlyevening,ortogoandpracticeafewturnsonbeforehittingupthebiggerresortslateronintheseason.NakiskaWhileitwillbeopeningshortly,Nakiskaiscurrentlyonlyopentothepublicontheweekends.Nakiskatypicallyhaslesssnowthantheotherresortslocatedabitdeeperinthemountains.Currently,theyhaveabaseof71cm.TheterrainatNakiskaisvaried,butslantsmoretowardstheeasyside.Itsthebestplaceforfamiliestogoskiingasthereisalotofbeginnerandkidterrainforchildren.Ticketsarerelativelycheap.Adultspay$64.5,Seniorspay$51.5,andChildrenonlypay$19.5.,专题六新题预测,CanadaOlympicParkCO.P.wasbuiltforthe1988WinterOlympics;itisaworldclassfacilityforalmosteverywintersport.Ithasfacilitiesnotonlyforskiing,butalsoforallkindsofotheractivities.Ithasasnowbaseof102cm,butitisnttheprimaryfocus.Withticketsstartingat$5andcappingat$39,itisveryinexpensive.()1.WhatcanweknowaboutSunshineVillage?AItisaskihillinEurope.BItssnowisthethickestofthefive.CItisonlysuitableforskibeginners.DItsticketpricesaregettinghigher.,专题六新题预测,()2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“renown”inParagraph2mean?AGoodattraction.BPlaceofinterest.CPrizeorreward.DFameorreputation.()3.Whichwillbethebestchoiceforsomeonewhoisfondoflotsofothersportsgamesbesidesskiing?ASunshineVillage.BLakeLouise.CCanadaOlympicPark.DNakiska.,专题六新题预测,()4.Howmuchwillawomanpayifsheandherhusbandwithtwochildrentoskiinginthebestfamilyplace?A168dollars.B103.5dollars.C209dollars.D129.5dollars.()5.Thepassageismainlyto_.ArecommendseveralfamoustravelsitesBtellustheplaceshesbeentoforwintersportsCintroducesomegoodplacesforskiingDadvertisehislocaltouristattractions,专题六新题预测,【解析】本文主要介绍五处滑雪胜地。1B细节理解题。根据“Atpresent,theyhaveasnowbaseof107cm.”可判断选B，因为比较其他四处地方的雪的厚度可知，其余各地的雪均没有这么厚。2D词义猜测题。根据“Sunshineisdefinitelythepremierskihillinthearea.”可判断此地盛名，即在国际上都有名气，由此可判断选D。3C细节理解题。根据“Ithasfacilitiesnotonlyforskiing,butalsoforallkindsofotheractivities.”可判断选C。,专题六新题预测,4A逻辑推理题。根据第五段倒数第三句“Itsthebestplaceforfamiliestogoskiingasthereisalotofbeginnerandkidterrainforchildren.”可知“Nakiska”是最适合一家人去滑雪的地方；此处的收费标准是“Adultspay$64.5,Seniorspay$51.5,andChildrenonlypay$19.5.”，两个成人收费129美元，两个小孩收费39美元，合计收费168美元，故选A。5C主旨大意题。根据全文第一段可知，全文旨在介绍几处滑雪胜地，故选C。,专题六新题预测,(二)Morethan200scientistshavecompletedatwoyearstudytoidentifythemostnaturalandundevelopedareasonEarth.TheirfindingsarereportedinanewbookcalledWilderness：EarthsLastWildPlaces.Thebookdescribes37wildernessareasaroundtheworld.Eachhasanareagreaterthan10,000squarekilometers.Thestudyconsideredonlyareaswhereatleast70%ofallplantsarenative.NorthandSouthAmericaarehometothelargestnumberofwildernessareas.Thereare16suchareas,fromsouthernArgentinatoAlaskaandnorthernCanada.Africahas8wildernessareas,includingthe,专题六新题预测,thickforestsandthegrasslands.AustraliaandNewGuinea(几内亚)share6areas.Europehas3areasandAsiahas2.TheArabianDesertandAntarcticaalsoareconsideredwildernessareas.ThelargestwildernessareaistheBorealForest(北方森林)Itextendsfor16millionsquarekilometerssouthoftheArcticCircle.TheBorealForestextendsacrossAlaska,Canada,northernEuropeandRussia.Thesmallestofthe37wildernessareasistheSundarbans.Itistheworldslargesttidalmangroveforest(红树林)Itcovers10,000squarekilometersoflandatthemouthoftheGangesRiverinIndiaandBangladesh(孟加拉国),专题六新题预测,Thestudyfoundthatwildernessareascoverabout46%oftheEarthslandsurface.However,theyarehometolessthan2.5%oftheworldspopulation.Nineteenofthewildernessareashaveonlyaboutonepersonforeachsquarekilometer.Nativepeopleusuallyliveintheseareas.Wildernessareashelptoinfluencetheworldsweathersystemsandrainfall.Theyarealsohometomanyplantsandanimals.Populationgrowthandthespreadofagricultureandminingoperationsthreatenwildernessareas.Butjust7%ofallsuchareashavesomeformofofficialprotection.,专题六新题预测,()1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthewildernessareasaroundtheworldinthebook?APrimitive.BPermanent.CPrecious.DPerfect.()2.Thewriterdescribesthewildernessareastoshowthatthey_.AareworththepublicsupportBcanattractreadersattentionCneedtobestressedasresourcesDareseenoneverycontinent()3.Accordingtothe4thparagraph,wecandrawaconclusionthatthe37wildernessareasa