高考英语一轮复习Unit4Wildlifeprotection（讲）新人教版必修2.doc

Unit 4Wildlife protection单元知识预览项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1protection n保护protect v保护protective adj.保护的，防护的2decrease vi. & vt.减少；(使)变小或变少3loss n损失；遗失；丧失lose v遗失，丢失loser n输家；失败者lost adj.遗失的，失去的4hunt vt. & vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻5respond vi.回答；响应；作出反应6certain adj.确定的；无疑的；某种7contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍container n容器8powerful adj.强大的；有力的powerfully adv.有力地power v给提供动力9affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭10appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到11succeed vi.成功 vt.接替；继任12employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)13harm n. & vt.损害；危害harmful adj.有害的14bite vt. & vi.咬；叮；刺痛bit(过去式)bitten(过去分词)15inspect vt.检查；视察16fierce adj.凶猛的；猛烈的fiercely adv.猛烈地fierceness n猛烈重点短语1die out灭亡；逐渐消失2in peace 和平地；安详地；和睦地3in danger(of) 在危险中，垂危4in relief 如释重负5burst into laughter 突然笑起来6protect.from 保护不受(危害)7pay attention to 注意8come into being 形成；产生9according to 按照；根据所说10do harm to 危害11without mercy 毫不留情地12respond to 对作出回答经典句型（高考书面表达必备）1Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.请把我带到遥远的地方，在那里我能找到为制作这件毛衣提供皮毛的那种动物。2There Daisy saw an antelope looking sad.在那里，戴茜看到一只藏羚羊面带忧郁的神色。3It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but Id like to help as the WWF suggests.这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。必备语法（高级句型）特殊句式晨读范文背诵(2016湖北八校高三第一次联考)高考临近，学习时间变紧，任务加重，很多同学内心压力大，学习效率低下。请为即将举行的班会写一篇英语演讲稿，谈谈你对怎样保持良好的精神状态，高效而健康地进行复习备考的看法。要点如下：1坚持锻炼；2合理计划；3注意饮食。注意：1.词数100左右；2不可逐条翻译；3可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；4开头语已为你写好。【参考范文】Dear_classmates，Good_afternoon!Today_is_December_8th._The_college_entrance_exams_are_really_around_the_corner_nowAs time becomes limited and schoolwork begins to pile up，many students start to feel much stressedsome find themselves very unenergetic and not able to concentrate; some even fall asleep in class.What should we do to avoid those problems? First of all，physical exercise is the best way to reduce stress and help people relax.Therefore it is highly advisable that we have some physical exercise after some hours of mental exercise.Second，having a proper study plan is of great importance too，since it can remind us what to do and is helpful for us to do our work more efficiently.Last but not least，we should pay special attention to our diet as well. Anyway，a balanced and nutritious diet can keep a busy mind smart and energetic. Only if we can do these three things mentioned above will we make our time of study and preparation work enjoyable，efficient and fruitful. Thank you.语言知识精析重点单词精讲考点1respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应【教材原句】Daisy responded immediately.“Id like to see some endangered wildlife，”she said.(P26)戴茜马上回答，她说：“我想去看看一些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。”【例句研读】I asked her what the time was，but she didnt respond.我问她几点了，但她没回答。He always responds to my questions without any patience.他总是很不耐烦地回答我的问题。In spite of hearing the question，he made no response to it.尽管听到了这个问题，他没有做出回应。【归纳拓展】response n. 回答，回复；反应respond to sb./sth.回答(比 answer, reply to正式)respond to sb./sth. (with/ by sth.) 用回应某人(事)respond to (疾病、身体的受伤部分)对医药有良好反应response to sb./sth. (对人/物)的回答/回复/反应in response to 作为对的反应【即时巩固】(1)They still havent _ my letter.他们至今仍没有回我的信。(2)He _ my suggestion _ a laugh/_ laughing. 他对我的建议报以一笑。(3)His illness didnt _ treatment by drugs.他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。(4)My mother opened the door _ the knock, but there was no one outside.听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。【答案】(1)responded to(2)responded to ；with/by(3)respond to(4)in response to考点2decrease vt.& vi.减少；(使)变小；或变少 n减少，减小【教材原句】If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food，their numbers may decrease.(P25)如果它们的栖息地受到威胁或是它们找不到足够的食物，它们的数量就会减少。【例句研读】They are making every effort to decrease the production cost.他们正尽力降低生产成本。Theres a decrease in the annual birthrate.年出生率正在下降。The price of wheat has decreased by 15%.小麦价格降低了15%。The mistakes he has made are on the decrease.他犯的错误正在减少。【归纳拓展】on the decrease在减少中a decrease in.在方面减少了decrease to.减少到decrease by.减少了decrease from.to.从减少到on the increase 在增加【即时巩固】介词填空There has been some decrease traffic accidents this year.The club members decreased two hundred compared with last year.The housing price is hoped to decrease 10% this year.To our delight，varieties of birds in the forest are the increase.【答案】intobyon考点3certain adj. 确定的；无疑的；某(种)【教材原句】They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers.(P26)如果游客付给农民钱的话，他们允许游客来猎取一定数量的动物。【例句研读】There is a certain Mr.Smith on the phone for you.有位史密斯先生打电话找你。I was certain that he had seen me.我肯定他已经看见我了。【归纳拓展】be certain of/about.对有把握，确信be certain to do sth.确定做某事make certain of/about/that.确定某事It is certain that.一定能for certainfor sure确定无疑地，准确地certainly adv.当然，确定certainty n确定，必然的事【易混易错】(1)作“某(种)”讲时，同义于 some。但 some 前不加冠词。for a certain reasonfor some reason 由于某种原因certain professorssome professors 某些教授a certain amount of time 相当一段时间(2)作“确信的，有把握的”讲时，同义于 sure。但是 certain 的主语既可以是人，也可用于It is certain that.句型，而 sure 主语只能是人。 “be certain/sure从句”(人)有把握/确信(表示主语的信念)be certain/sure of/about sth. (人)确信(表示主语的信念)be certain/sure to do sth. 必定/肯定会做某事(主语常为二、三人称，表示说话人的信念)“make certain/sure从句”弄清楚/确保make certain/sure of/about sth. 把某件事情弄清楚for certain/sure 确定地，确切地(做状语)It is certain that. 一定会(不能用 sure) 【即时巩固】(1)There was _ in his manner.他的态度有点冷淡。(2)Are you _ it？你对此有把握吗？(3)He is _ his duty.他肯定会尽职。(4)_ he has wronged me.我确信他冤枉了我。(5)_ their team will win the match.他们队肯定会赢得比赛。【答案】(1)a certain coldness(2)certain about/of(3)certain to do(4)Im certain that(5)Its certain that考点4contain vt.包含；包括；容纳；控制；抑制【教材原句】It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(P26)它含有一种强效的药物可以预防蚊子。【例句研读】The jar contains ten glasses of water.这只大口瓶能装10杯水。The pill contains vitamins.这药片中含有维生素。She was unable to contain her excitement.她无法抑制内心的激动。【易混易错】contain/includecontain可指所包含或容纳的全部内容或某物的成分。主语与宾语不是同一类的东西。include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，常使用“including被包括部分”或“被包括部分included”的结构。Try not to eat food which contains a lot of fat.尽量不吃含很多脂肪的食物。There are 60 students in our class，including 20 girl students.There are 60 students in our class，20 girl students included.我们班有60名学生，其中20名女学生。【即时巩固】(1)His paper _ no mistakes at all.他的试卷没有一点错误。(2)Orange juice _ things which help keep you healthy.橘汁里含有有益于健康的东西。(3)This bottle _ two glasses of beer.这个瓶子可容纳两杯啤酒。(4)He couldnt _ for joy.他不胜欢喜。【答案】(1)contained(2)contains(3)contains(4)contain himself考点5affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭【教材原句】It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(P26)它含有一种强效的药物可以预防蚊子。【例句研读】The children were deeply affected by his life story.孩子们被他的人生故事深深感动了。The condition affects one in five women.每五个妇女就有一个患有这种病。As is known to us，smoking has a bad effect on our health.众所周知，吸烟对我们的身体健康有不良影响。She is affected with cancer.她患有癌症。All the people in the room were affected to tears.屋里的人都感动得流下了眼泪。【归纳拓展】be greatly/deeply affected很/深受感动be affected by heat/cold中暑/着凉be affected with high fever发高烧【易混易错】affect/effect/influenceaffect只能用作及物动词，其含义是“使发生变化”，因此“影响”这一词义还可以引申为“感动，感染”。effect用作名词，着重指影响的“结果”或“作用”。常用于词组have an effect on中，意思相当于affect。effect也可以用作及物动词，但意思完全不同，意为“使发生，产生结果”。influence既可用作名词，也可用作动词，通常指通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响。常用的短语搭配：have an influence on sb./sth.意为“对某人/某事物有影响”。【即时巩固】(1)The amount of rain _ the growth of crops.降雨量直接影响庄稼生长。(2)One of her lungs _ a little so that she has to rest.她的一叶肺有些感染，所以她不得不休息。(3)The audience _ by his speech.听众被他的演讲深深打动了。【答案】(1)affects(2)is affected(3)were deeply affected 考点6appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；喜欢【教材原句】You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.(P26)你们应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。【例句研读】Her abilities are not fully appreciated by her employer.她的才干尚未得到雇主的充分赏识。I appreciated his help when we moved.我很感激他在我们搬家时给予的帮助。【归纳拓展】appreciation n. 欣赏；感激appreciate sth. (thank sb.) 感激某事或某人appreciatedoing sth.感激做某事one/ones doing sth.感激某人做某事I would appreciate it if. 如果，我将不胜感激。【即时巩固】语法填空1.Id appreciate if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.2.None of us appreciate fun of in our daily life.【答案】itbeing made完成句子(1)He highly _.他非常感谢他的帮助。(2)We shall _ you again.我们将很高兴再次收到您的来信。(3)I really _ to the party.你能来参加这次聚会我太高兴了。(4)I would _ you could help me.如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。【答案】(1)appreciated his help(2)appreciate hearing from(3)appreciate your coming(4)appreciate it if考点7succeed v成功【教材原句】What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed？(P27)如果野生生物保护得以成功，必须做些什么？【例句研读】Im sure youll succeed if you work hard.你只要努力，我肯定你会成功的。Did he succeed in passing the exam?他考试及格了吗？He met with success in his business.他在事业上获得了成功。【归纳拓展】success n. U成功；成就 C成功的人或事successful adj. 成功的successfully adv. 成功地succeed in doing sth.have success in doing sth.be successful in doing sth.成功做某事achieve great success 取得巨大的成功sb./sth. is a success 成功的人或事【即时巩固】(1)We all _ the midterm examination.我们都成功地通过了期中考试。(2)Failure is the mother of _.失败是成功之母。(3)He was _ as a novelist.他是非常成功的小说家。【答案】(1)succeeded in passing(2)success(3)a success考点8harm n& vt.损害；危害【教材原句】What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals？(P27)对于那些伤害动物的人该怎么惩罚他们？【例句研读】Have the workers been harmed in the disaster?工人们在灾难中受伤了吗？ Modern farming method does great harm to the countryside.现代的耕作方式对乡村造成了很大的损害。Fruit juice can be harmful to childrens teeth.果汁可能损害儿童的牙齿。【归纳拓展】harmful adj.有害的be harmful todo harm todo sb. harmdo harm to sb.对有害There is no harm in doing sth.It does no harm (for sb.)to do sth.做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)。【即时巩固】(1) The dog seems fierce, but it wont _ anyone.这条狗看上去很凶，但它不会伤害任何人。(2)Fruit juice can _ childrens teeth.果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。(3)He may say no, but _ asking.他可能拒绝，但问一问也无妨。【答案】(1)harm(2)be harmful to(3)there is no harm in重点短语精讲考点1die out 灭亡，逐渐消失【教材原句】As a result these endangered animals may even die out.(P25)结果濒危动物甚至可能要灭绝。【例句研读】This kind of bird is dying out.这种鸟行将灭绝。Many old customs have died out.许多旧的风俗已不复存在。【归纳拓展】die out 绝种，灭绝；熄灭；(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失die off(家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)先后枯死die away(声音、光线、风等)渐弱，渐息，平息die down(火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)渐弱，渐息；(声音)静下来die of 指死于疾病、衰老、饥饿、悲伤等die from 指由于外伤、外界原因、粗心、不注意、劳累过度等而死【即时巩固】(1) Scientists said that those plants _ a century ago.科学家们说那些植物一个世纪前就绝种了。(2) Many old customs _. 许多古老的风俗正逐渐消失。(3)If the snowstorm does not blow over, the cattle will _.如果暴风雪不停息，牲畜就要死掉了。(4)Open the air hole; the fire is _.把气孔打开，火要熄了。(5)Every winter some old people _ hypothermia.每年冬天都有一些老人死于体温过低。(6)Nowadays many people _ cancer.现在有很多人死于癌症。【答案】(1)died out(2)are dying out(3)die off(4)dying down(5)die from(6)die of考点2in danger(of)在危险中；垂危【教材原句】Why are they in danger of disappearing？(P25)为什么它们面临灭绝的危险？【例句研读】You all know he will be in danger if he drives after being drunk.你们都知道，如果他酒后驾车会有危险的。He is in danger of losing his job if he goes on like this.他再这样下去会丢掉工作的。【归纳拓展】out of danger 脱离危险be a danger to sb./sth.对某人/某物是个威胁 dangerous adj.危险的(指事物或人对别人有危险)endanger vt. 危害；危及endangered adj. 有危险的；濒临灭绝的拓展：与 in/out of 搭配的短语in order 有秩序in sight 看得见in trouble 在困境中in line 成行(队)in place 适合/当in fashion 时尚out of order出故障(机器等工作不正常)out of sight 看不见out of trouble 摆脱困境out of line 不成一直线out of place 不合适out of fashion 过时【即时巩固】(1)The drowned girl was obviously_.很明显，那个溺水的女孩的生命危在旦夕。(2)The old house is _ collapse.那所老房子有倒塌的危险。(3)They were told at the hospital that their grandmother was _.他们在医院得知他们的祖母已经脱离危险了。【答案】(1)in immediate danger(2)in danger of(3)out of danger考点3protect.from/against.保护免受侵害【教材原句】“Im protecting myself from mosquitoes，”it replied.(P26)它答道：“我在保护自己避免被蚊子叮咬呢。”【例句研读】He raised his arms to protect his child from hurt.他伸出手去，保护他的孩子免受伤害。Her sudden arrival prevented/stopped/kept me from going out.她的突然到来使我不能外出。Lacey has a back injury that may prevent him from playing in tomorrows game.莱茜背上受了伤，这可能使他打不了明天的比赛。【归纳拓展】defend.from/against.保卫以抵制keep sb. from doingstop sb. (from) doingprevent sb. (from) doing阻止某人做提示：(1)protect against 和 protect from 意思相似，有时可互换。但是，对于较大的事情，如：敌人的入侵、天灾等，常用 protect against, 对于较小的事情常用 protect from。(2)在 protect.from/against. 结构中，from和 against 后面常跟 sth.，有时 against 后跟 being done 来强调动作的被动性。(3)主动句中 prevent/stop.from.中的 from 可省略，在被动句中 from不可省略，而 keep.from.中的 from无论是在主动句还是被动句中都不能省略。【即时巩固】(1)Young plants should be well _ the cold.幼苗必须被很好地保护以免受冻。(2)The hen _ its young _ being attacked by the cat. 母鸡保卫小鸡使其免遭猫的袭击。(3)Everyone should take up arms to _ our country from invasion.每个人都应当拿起武器保卫我们的国家不受侵犯。(4)Nothing can _ us _ realizing our dreams.什么也不能阻止我们实现梦想。 【答案】(1)protected from(2)protected；against(3)defend(4)stop from考点4. pay attention to 注意【教材原句】You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.(P26)你们应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。【例句研读】Our teachers always pay attention to connecting theory with practice.我们的老师们经常注意理论联系实际。Attention should be paid to your pronunciation.你应该注意发音。She tried to attract the waiters attention.她设法吸引服务员的注意。The child fixed his attention on the toys.那个孩子的注意力集中在玩具上。【归纳拓展】Attention, please! 请注意！ (演讲用语)(May I have your attention, please？)attract/catch/draw/get ones attention to 吸引某人的注意fix/focus/concentrate ones attention on 将注意力集中于devote ones attention to 专心致志于call ones attention to 唤起某人对的注意提示：以上短语中的 to、on都是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。【即时巩固】完成句子1.The boy kept trying to (引起他妈妈的注意)but in vain.2.Look at me carefully and (集中你的注意力于)my movement.3.Please (请注意)the difference between the two words.4.She _ her appearance.她很注重外表。5.A great deal of attention has been _ protecting the environment.人们已对保护环境投入很多精力。【答案】1.attract/catch/draw his mothers attention2.fix your attention on/upon3.pay attention to4.paid much attention to 5.paid to考点5come into being 出现；形成；产生【教材原句】They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.(P30)千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，他们的未来在那时看来很安全。【例句研读】We dont know when this world came into being.我们不知道这个世界是何时开始存在的。The organization came into being in 1936.这个组织诞生于1936年。【归纳拓展】come into effect生效come into power/office开始执政，上台come into use/service开始使用come into sight/view看得见【提示】以上短语与come into being无被动语态，不用于进行时态。【即时巩固】完成句子(1)We dont know when the universe _.我们不知道宇宙是何时形成的。(2)Such a custom _ long ago.这种风俗很久以前就有了。【答案】(1)came into being(2)came into being 用come的相关短语填空Such a custom (产生) long ago.Einstein was forced to leave Germany after Hitler (上台)A new law about driving after drinking (生效) last May.【答案】came into beingcame into power/officecame into effect经典句型剖析考点1 where引导的定语从句【教材原句】“Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.”(P26)“请把我带到遥远的地方，在那里我能找到提供毛绒来做这件毛衣的那种动物。”【句法分析】where引导的是一个定语从句，修饰land。在这个定语从句中，还有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰animal。【提示】如果先行词是地点，但关系词在定语从句中不作地点状语，而是作主语或宾语，则要用关系代词which或 that。【例句研读】Is this the place where they went hunting last week?这是他们上周打猎的地方吗？Have you ever been to Qingdao，where there are beautiful beaches？你去过青岛吗？那里有美丽的沙滩。【考点聚焦】where引导的定语从句【即时巩固】选择题Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.AwhenBwhichCwhoseD where【答案】D判断下列句子中where引导何种从句This is the place where I was born. Where there is a will，there is a way. Lets start from where we stopped yesterday. 【答案】定语从句状语从句宾语从句考点2 as仿照；像那样；如，引导方式状语从句。【教材原句】It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but Id like to help as the WWF suggests(P26)这表明保护野生动植物的重要性，但我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助(你们)。【句法分析】as仿照；像那样；如，引导方式状语从句。as 作连词引导的从句：方式状语从句 译为“按照，正如”原因状语从句 译为“由于”让步状语从句 译为“尽管”(从句须倒装)比较状语从句 译为“像一样”时间状语从句 译为“一边一边，随着，当时候”【例句研读】As it was snowing hard，they stopped working.由于雪下得很大，他们停止了工作。The school children sang songs as they walked.小学生们边走边唱歌。Child as he is，he knows a lot about history.他虽然是个孩子，但了解很多历史知识。【考点聚焦】as仿照；像那样；如，引导方式状语从句【即时巩固】写出下列句子中as的含义As its raining hard，we cant go climbing. When in Rome，do as the Romans do. It gets warmer as time goes on. Try as he might，he failed again. 【答案】因为按照随着尽管考点3 with的复合结构【教材原句】After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs(P28)过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。【句法分析】本句中的“with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs”是with的复合结构，在句中作后置定语修饰“some zebra”。【例句研读】With the meal over，we all went home.吃完了饭，我们都回了家。She came to a river with green grass and red flowers on both sides.她来到了河边，河的两岸长着红花绿草。A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.一个掉