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TheTailofFameAnartistwhoseeksfameislikeadogchasinghisowntailwho,whenhecapturesit,doesnotknowwhatelsetodobuttocontinuechasingit.Thecrueltyofsuccessisthatitoftenleadsthosewhoseeksuchsuccesstoparticipateintheirowndestruction.名气之尾艺术家追求成名,如同狗自逐其尾,一旦追到手,除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。,Dontquityourdayjob!isadvicefrequentlygivenbyunderstandablypessimisticfamilymembersandfriendstoabuddingartistwhoistryinghardtosucceed.Theconquestoffameisdifficultatbest,andmanyendupemotionallyifnotfinanciallybankrupt.Still,impuremotivessuchasthedesireforworshippingfansandpraisefrompeersmayspurtheartiston.Thelureofdrowninginfamesimperialgloryisnoteasilyresisted.对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家,其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢!”他们的担心不无道理。追求出人头地,最乐观地说也困难重重,许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒,也是几近精神崩溃。尽管如此,希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。享受成功的无上光荣,这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。,Thosewhogainfamemostoftengainitasaresultofexploitingtheirtalentforsinging,dancing,painting,orwriting,etc.Theydevelopastylethatagentsmarketaggressivelytohastenpopularity,andtheirrideontheexpresselevatortothetopisablur.Mostwouldbehard-pressedtotellyouhowtheyevengotthere.Artistscannotremainidle,though.Whentheperformer,painterorwriterbecomesbored,theirworkbeginstoshowalackofcontinuityinitsappealanditbecomesdifficulttosustaintheattentionofthepublic.Aftertheirenthusiasmhasdissolved,thepublicsimplymovesontothenextflavorofthemonth.Artistswhodoattempttoremaincurrentbymakingevenminutechangestotheirstyleofwriting,dancingorsinging,runasignificantriskoflosingtheaudiencesfavor.Thepublicsimplydiscountsstylesotherthanthoseforwhichtheartisthasbecomefamous.成名者之所以成名,大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长,并能形成自己的风格。为了能迅速走红,代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。他们究竟是怎么成功的,大多数人也都说不上来。尽管如此,艺术家仍然不能闲下来。若表演者、画家或作家感到无聊,他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力,也就难以保持公众的注意力。公众的热情消磨以后,就会去追捧下一个走红的人。有些艺术家为了不落伍,会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动,但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。,FamousauthorsstylesaTennesseeWilliamsplayoraplotbyErnestHemingwayorapoembyRobertFrostorT.S.Eliotareeasilyrecognizable.ThesameistrueofpainterslikeMonet,Renoir,orDaliandmoviemakerslikeHitchcock,Fellini,Spielberg,ChenKaigeorZhangYimou.Theirdistinctstylesmarkedasignificantchangeinformfromothersandgainedthemfameandfortune.However,theypaidforitbygivingupthefreedomtoexpressthemselveswithotherstylesorforms.知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来,如田纳西威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特海明威的情节安排、罗伯特弗罗斯特或T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。同样,像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家,希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革,这让他们名利双收,但也让他们付出了代价,那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。,Famesspotlightcanbehotterthanatropicaljungleafraudisquicklyexposed,andthepressureofsomuchattentionistoomuchformosttoendure.Ittakesyououtofyourself:Youmustbewhatthepublicthinksyouare,notwhatyoureallyareorcouldbe.Theperformer,likethepolitician,mustoftenpleasehisorheraudiencesbysayingthingsheorshedoesnotmeanorfullybelieve.名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。骗局很快会被揭穿,过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认可的那个你,而不是真实的你或是可能的你。艺人,就像政客一样,必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众。,Onedropoffamewilllikelycontaminatetheentirewellofamanssoul,andsoanartistwhoremainstruetohimselforherselfisparticularlyamazing.Youwouldbehard-pressedtounderlinemanynamesofthosewhohavenotcompromisedandstillsucceededinthefamegame.Anexample,thefamousIrishwriterOscarWilde,knownforhisuncompromisingbehavior,bothsocialandsexual,towhichthepublicobjected,paidheavilyforremainingtruetohimself.ThemotherofayoungmanOscarwasintimatewithaccusedhimatabanquetinfrontofhisfriendsandfansofsexuallyinfluencingherson.Extremelyangeredbyherremarks,hesuedtheyoungmansmother,assertingthatshehaddamagedhisgoodname.Heshouldhavehiredabetterattorney,though.ThejudgedidnotsecondWildescalltohavethewomanpayfordamaginghisname,andinsteadfinedWilde.Heendedupinjailafterrefusingtopay,andevenworse,waspermanentlyexpelledfromthewidercircleofpublicfavor.Whenthingswereattheirworst,hefoundthatnoonewaswillingtoriskhisorhernameinhisdefense.Hispriceforremainingtruetohimselfwastobeleftalonewhenheneededhisfansthemost.,一滴名气之水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井,因此一个艺术家若能保持真我,会格外让人惊叹。你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协,却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜。一个例子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡王尔德,他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对,却依然故我,他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。在一次宴会上,他一位密友的母亲当着他的朋友和崇拜者的面,指责他在性方面影响了她的儿子。他听了她的话以后大为光火,起诉了这个年轻人的母亲,声称她毁了自己的“好”名声。但是,他真该请一个更好的律师。结果是,法官不仅不支持他提出的让这个女人赔偿他名声损失费的请求,反而对他本人进行了罚款。他由于拒交罚款最终还被送进了监狱。更糟糕的是,他再也无法获得更多公众的宠爱。在最糟糕的时候,他发现没有一个人愿意拿自己的名声冒险来替他说话。为保持真我,他付出的代价是,在最需要崇拜者时,谁也不理他。,Curiouslyenough,itisthosewhofailthatreapthegreatestreward:freedom!Theyenjoythefreedomtoexpressthemselvesinuniqueandoriginalwayswithoutfearoflosingthesupportoffans.Failedartistsmayfindcomfortinknowingthatmanygreatartistsneverfoundfameuntilwellaftertheyhadpassedawayorinknowingthattheydidnotsellout.Theymayjustifytheirfailurebyconvincingthemselvestheirgeniusistoosophisticatedforcontemporaryaudiences.奇怪的是,收获最大的恰恰是失败者。他们收获了自由!他们可以自由地表达,独辟蹊径,不落窠臼,不用担心失去崇拜者的支持。失败的艺术家寻求安慰时,可以想想许多伟大的艺术家都是过世多年以后才成名,或是他们没有出卖自己。他们也可以为自己的失败辩解:自己的才华实在过于高深,不是当代听众或观众所理解得了的。,Single-mindedartistswhocontinuetheirquestforfameevenafterfailuremightalsoliketoknowthatfailurehasmotivatedsomefamouspeopletoworkevenhardertosucceed.ThomasWolfe,theAmericannovelist,hadhisfirstnovelLookHomeward,Angelrejected39timesbeforeitwasfinallypublished.Beethovenovercamehisfather,whodidnotbelievethathehadanypotentialasamusician,tobecomethegreatestmusiciantheworld.AndPestalozzi,thefamousSwisseducatorinthe19thcentury,failedateveryjobheeverhaduntilhecameupontheideaofteachingchildrenanddevelopingthefundamentaltheoriestoproduceanewformofeducation.ThomasEdisonwasthrownoutofschoolinthefourthgrade,becauseheseemedtohisteachertobequitedull.Unfortunatelyformostpeople,however,failureistheendoftheirstruggle,notthebeginning.,那些失败了却仍不肯放弃的顽固派也许会乐于知道,某些名人曾经如何越挫越勇,直至成功。美国小说家托马斯伍尔芙的第一本小说向家乡看吧,安琪儿被拒39次后,才最终得以出版。贝多芬战胜了父亲认为他毫无音乐家潜质的偏见,成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。19世纪瑞士著名教育家裴斯泰洛齐原先干的工作没有一件成功,直到他想到去教小孩子,并研究出一种新型教育模式的基础理论。托马斯爱迪生在四年级时被赶出了学校,因为老师觉得他似乎太迟钝。但不幸的是,对大多数人而言,失败是奋斗的结束,而不是开始。,Isaytothosewhodesperatelyseekfameandfortune:goodluck.Butalas,youmayfindthatitwasnotwhatyouwanted.Thedogwhocatcheshistaildiscoversthatitisonlyatail.Thepersonwhoachievessuccessoftendiscoversthatitdoesmoreharmthangood.Soinsteadoftryingsohardtoachievesuccess,trytobehappywithwhoyouareandwhatyoudo.Trytodoworkthatyoucanbeproudof.Maybeyouwontbefamousinyourownlifetime,butyoumaycreatebetterart.对那些孤注一掷的追名逐利之徒,我要说:祝你们好运。但是,遗憾的是,你会发现这不是你想得到的。狗自逐其尾所得到的只是一条尾巴而已。获得成功的人常常发现成功对他来说弊大于利。所以要为真实的你、为自己的所为感到高兴,而不是拼命去获得成功。做那些你为之感到骄傲的事情。可能在有生之年你默默无闻,但你可能创作了更好的艺术。,LongingforaNewWelfareSystemAwelfareclientissupposedtocheat.Everybodyexpectsit.Facedwithsharingadinnerofrawpetfoodwiththecat,manypeopleinwheelchairsIknowbleedthesystemforafewextradollars.Theytellthegovernmentthattheyaregettingtwohundreddollarslessthantheirrealpensionsotheycangetalittleextrawelfaremoney.Or,theytellthecaseworkerthatthelandlordraisedtherentbyahundreddollars.渴望新的福利救济制度人人都觉得福利救济对象是在骗人。我认识的许多坐轮椅的人面临与宠物猫分吃生猫食的窘境,都会向福利机构多榨取几美元。为了能领到一点额外的福利款,他们告诉政府说他们实际上少拿了200美元的养老金,或告诉社会工作者,说房东又提高了100美元的房租。,Ihaveoptedtolivealifeofcompletehonesty.Soinstead,Igooutanddrumupsomebusinessanddrawcartoons.IeventellwelfarehowmuchImake!Oh,Imtemptedtogetpaidunderthetable.ButevenifIyieldedtothattemptation,bigmagazinesarenotgoingtogetinvolvedinsomestickysituation.Theykeepmyrecords,andthatinformationgoesrightintothegovernmentscomputer.Veryhigh-profile.我选择了过一种完全诚实的生活,因此我不会那样做,而是四处找活,揽些画漫画的活。我甚至还告诉福利机构我赚了多少钱!噢,私下里领一笔钱当然对我也挺有吸引力,但即使我抗不住这种诱惑,我投稿的那些大杂志也不会去给自己惹麻烦。他们会保留我的记录,而这些记录会直接进入政府的电脑。真是态度鲜明,毫不含糊。,AsawelfareclientImexpectedtobowbeforethecaseworker.Deepdown,caseworkersknowthattheyarebeingmadefoolsofbymanyoftheirclients,andtheyfeeltheyareentitledtohaveclientsbowtothemascompensation.Imnotbeingbitter.Mostcaseworkersbeginascollege-educatedliberalswithhighideals.Butafterafewyearsinasystemthatpracticallyrequirespeopletolie,theybecomeliketheoneIshallcallSuzanne,adetectiveinshorts.作为一名福利救济对象,我必须在社会工作者面前卑躬屈膝。社会工作者心里知道许多救济对象在欺骗他们,因此他们觉得,作为补偿,他们有权让救济对象向他们点头哈腰。我并不是故意感到忿忿不平。大多数社会工作者刚开始时都是些大学毕业生,有理想,而且思想开明。可是在这个实际上是要人撒谎的系统里干了几年后,他们就变得与那个叫苏珊娜的人一样了-一个穿运动短裤的侦探。,NotlongafterChristmaslastyear,Suzannecametoinspectmyapartmentandsawsomenewposterspastedonthewall.Wheredyougetthemoneyforthose?shewantedtoknow.Friendsandfamily.Well,youdbetterhaveareceiptforit,byGod.Youhavetoreportanydonationsorgifts.Thiswasmycuetobeg.Instead,Italkedback.Igotacigarettefromsomebodyonthestreettheotherday.DoIhavetoreportthat?Well,Imsorry,butIdontmaketherules,Mr.Callahan.“去年圣诞节,苏珊娜到我家来了解情况,看到墙上贴着新的宣传画,便问:你从哪儿弄到钱来买这些?朋友和家人。那么,你最好要张收据,真的,你接受任何捐献或礼物都要报告。她这是在暗示我:得哀求她了。但是我却将她顶了回去。那天在马路上有人给我一根烟,我也得报告吗?对不起,卡拉汉先生,可是规定不是我制订的。,Suzannetriestolecturemeaboutrepairstomywheelchair,whichisalwaysbreakingdownbecausewelfarewontspendmoneymaintainingitproperly.Youknow,Mr.Callahan,Iveheardthatyouputalotmoremilesonthatwheelchairthanaverage.OfcourseIdo.Imanactiveworker,notavegetable.Iliveneardowntown,soIcangetaroundinawheelchair.Iwonderwhatshedthinkifshesuddenlybrokeherhipandhadtocrawltowork.苏珊娜试图就修理轮椅的问题训斥我。由于福利部门不愿意花钱好好地修理,所以它总是坏。您是知道的,卡拉汉先生,我听说您的那台轮椅比一般人用得多得多。我当然用得多,我是个工作很积极的人,又不是植物人。我住在闹市区附近,可以坐着轮椅到处走走。我真想知道如果她突然摔坏臀部,不得不爬着去上班时,是什么感受。,Governmentcutsinwelfarehaveresultedinhungerandsufferingforalotofpeople,notjustme.Butpeoplewithspinalcordinjuriesfeltthecutsinauniqueway:Thegovernmentstoppedtakingcareofourchairs.Eachtimeminebrokedown,lostascrew,neededanewrollerbearing,thebrakewouldntwork,etc.,andIcalledSuzanne,Ihadtoendurealittlelecture.Finally,shedsay,Well,ifIcanfindtimetoday,Illcallthemedicalworker.“政府削减福利开支已经导致许多人挨饿受苦,我只是其中之一。但这种削减对脊柱伤残的人士更有特别的影响:政府已经不管我们的轮椅了。每次我的轮椅坏了,掉了螺丝,需要换轴承,或刹车不灵等,我都打电话给苏珊娜,但每次都要挨训。她最后总会说:好吧,如果今天我能抽出时间的话,我会找医务人员的。,Shewassupposedtonotifythemedicalworker,whowouldcertifythattherewasaproblem.Thenthemedicalworkercalledthewheelchairrepaircompaniestogetthecheapestbid.Thenthemedicalworkeralertedthemainwelfareofficeatthestatecapital.TheyconsideredthematterfordayswhileIlayinbed,unabletomove.Finally,ifIwaslucky,theycalledbackandapprovedtherepair.她该通知医务人员,由他来证明问题确实存在,然后打电话给各家轮椅维修公司,拿到最低的报价。接着医务人员就通知州府的福利总部,他们再花几天时间考虑这件事。而这期间我只能躺在床上,动弹不得。最后,如果我幸运的话,他们会给我回电话,同意维修。,WhenwelfarelearnedIwasmakingmoneyonmycartoons,Suzannestartedvisitingeveryfortnightinsteadofeverytwomonths.Shelookedintoeverycornerinsearchofunreportedappliances,ormaids,oraroastpigintheoven,oranewhelicopterparkedoutback.Sheneverfoundanything,buttherewasalwaysathickpileofformstofilloutattheendofeachvisit,accountingforeverypenny.当福利部门获悉我画漫画赚钱时,苏珊娜就开始每两个星期拜访我一次,而不是每两个月才一次了。她寻遍每个角落,想找出我未上报的电器,或者是女仆、烤炉里的烤猪、停在房后新买的直升飞机什么的。她从来都是一无所获,但最后我总要填厚厚的一叠表格,说明每一分钱的来历。,Thereisnoprovisioninthelawforagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.Iamanindependentbusinessman,slowlybuildingupmymarket.Itsimpossibletojumpoffwelfareandsuddenlybemakingtwothousanddollarsamonth.ButIwouldlovetobeabletopayforsomeofmylivingandnothavetogothroughanembarrassingsituationeverytimeIneedasparepartformywheelchair.如何逐渐脱离福利照顾,这在法律条款中没有明确规定。我是一个独立的生意人,正在慢慢建立起自己的市场。要脱离福利救济,一下子做到每月能挣2,000美元是不可能的。但我很想自己负担部分生活费用,不必在每次需要为轮椅买点配件时都去尴尬地求人。,Thereneedstobealawyerwhocanactasachampionfortherightsofwelfareclients,becausethesystemsoeasilylendsitselftoabusebythewelfaregiversaswellasbytheclients.WelfaresentSuzannetolookaroundinmyapartmenttheotherdaybecausethechemistsaidIwasusingalargerthanusualamountofmedicalsupplies.Iwas,indeed:Theholethathasbeensurgicallycuttodrainurinehadchangedsizeandtheconnectiontomyurinebagwasleaking.真需要有一位律师来捍卫福利救济对象的权利,因为这一福利体制不仅容易使救济对象滥用权力,也很容易使福利提供者滥用权力。前几天,由于药剂师说我使用的医疗用品超出常量,于是福利部门派苏珊娜到我的住所调查。我确实多用了,因为外科手术所造的排尿孔的大小改变了,于是尿袋的连接处发生渗漏。,Whileshewastakingnotes,myphonerangandSuzanneansweredit.Thecallerwasastatesenator,whichscaredSuzannealittle.WouldIsitonthegovernorscommitteeandtrytodosomethingaboutthethousandsofwelfareclientswho,likeme,couldearnpartoralloftheirownlivingsiftheywereallowedtodoso,onestepatatime?Hell,yes,Iwould!Somedaypeoplelikemewillthriveunderanewsystemthatwillencouragethem,notseektoconvictthemofcheating.Theywillbefreetodeveloptheirtalentswithoutguiltorfearorjustholdagood,steadyjob.她正做着记录,我家的电话铃响了。苏珊娜接听了电话,是一位州议员打来的,这使她慌了一下。数以千计像我这样的福利救济对象,如果允许的话,可以慢慢地负担自己的一部分甚至全部生活费用,对此,我会不会在州政府的委员会里尝试做点儿什么呢?还用说吗?我当然要!总有一天,像我这样的福利救济对象将在一种新的福利制度下过上好日子,这种制度不是要千方百计证明福利救济对象在欺骗,而是要鼓励他们自立。他们将能自由地、毫无愧疚、毫不担忧地发挥他们的才干,或拥有一份稳定的好工作。,ChoosetoBeAloneonPurposeHereweare,allbyourselves,all22millionofusbyrecentcount,aloneinourrooms,someofuslikingitthatwayandsomeofusnot.Someofusdivorced,somewidowed,someneveryetcommitted.Lonelinessmaybeasortofnationaldiseasehere,anditsmoreembarrassingforustoadmitthananyothersin.Ontheotherhand,tobealoneonpurpose,havingrejectedcompanyratherthanbeencastoutbyit,isonecharacteristicofanAmericanhero.Thesolitaryhunterorexplorerneedsnooneastheyventureoutamongthedeerandwolvestotamethegreatwildareas.Thoreau,aloneinhiscabinonthepond,hisbackdeliberatelyturnedtothetown.Now,thatscharacterforyou.选择独处事实如此,我们孤独无依地生活着。据最近的统计,共有2,200万人独自生活在自己的住所里。其中有些人喜欢这种生活,有些却不喜欢。有些离了婚,有些鳏寡无伴,也有些从未结过婚。孤独或许是这里的一种民族弊病,我们羞于承认它,甚于其他任何罪恶。而另一方面,故意选择独处,拒绝别人的陪伴而非为同伴所弃,却是美国式英雄的一个特点。孤独的猎人或探险者去鹿群和狼群中冒险,征服广袤的荒野时,并不需要有人陪伴。梭罗独居在湖畔的小屋,有意疏离了城市生活。现在,这成了你的个性。,Inspirationinsolitudeisamajorcommodityforpoetsandphilosophers.Theyreallforit.Theyallspeakhighlyofthemselvesforseekingitout,atleastforanhouroreventwobeforetheyhurryhomefortea.ConsiderDorothyWordsworth,forinstance,helpingherbrotherWilliamputonhiscoat,findinghisnotebookandpencilforhim,andwavingashesetsforthintotheearlyspringsunlighttolookatflowersallbyhimself.Howgraceful,howbenign,issolitude,hewrote.独处的灵感是诗人和哲学家最有用的东西。他们都赞成独处,都因能够独处而自视甚高,至少在他们匆忙赶回家喝茶之前的一两个小时之内是这样。就拿多萝西华兹华斯来说吧,她帮哥哥威廉穿上外衣,为他找到笔记本和铅笔,向他挥手告别,目送他走进早春的阳光去独自对花沉思。他写道:“独处多么优雅,惬意。”,Nodoubtaboutit,solitudeisimprovedbybeingvoluntary.LookatMiltonsdaughtersarranginghiscushionsandblanketsbeforetheysilentlycreepaway,sohecancreatepoetry.Then,ratherthantroubletoputitinhisownhandwriting,hecallsthegirlstocomebackandwriteitdownwhilehedictates.毫无疑问,如果自愿独处,感觉要好得多。看看弥尔顿的女儿们:她们为他准备好垫子和毯子,然后蹑手蹑脚地走开,以便他能创作诗歌。然而他并不自己费神将诗歌写下来,而是唤回女儿们,向她们口述,由她们记下来。,Youmayhavenoticedthatmostoftheseartistictypeswentoutdoorstobealone.Theindoorswasfulloflovedoneskeepingthekettlewarmtilltheycamehome.TheAmericanhighpriestofsolitudewasThoreau.Weadmirehim,notforhisself-reliance,butbecausehewasallbyhimselfoutthereatWaldenPond,andhewantedtobeallaloneinthewoods.也许你已经注意到,这些艺术家类型的人,大多是到户外独处,而家里则自有亲人备好了热茶,等着他们回家。美国的独处代表人物是梭罗。我们钦佩他,并非因为他能自力更生,而是因为他孤身一人在瓦尔登湖畔生活,他喜欢这样独居在湖畔的树林中。,Actually,helivedamile,or20minuteswalk,fromhisnearestneighbor;halfamilefromtherailroad;threehundredyardsfromabusyroad.Hehadcompanyinandoutofthehutallday,askinghimhowhecouldpossiblybesonoble.Apparentlythemainpointofhisnobilitywasthathehadneitherwifenorservants,usedhisownaxetochophisownwood,andwashedhisowncupsandsaucers.dontknowwhodidhislaundry;hedoesntsay,buthecertainlydoesntmentiondoinghisown,either.Listentohim:Ineverfoundthecompanionthatwassocompanionableassolitude.“实际上,他最近的邻居离他只有一英里,走路也就20分钟;铁路离他半英里;交通繁忙的大路距他300码。整天都有人进出他的小屋,请教他何以能够如此高洁。显然,他的高洁之处主要在于:他既没有妻子也没有仆人,自己动手用斧头砍柴,自己洗杯洗碟。我不知道谁为他洗衣服,他没说,但他也肯定没提是他自己洗。听听他是怎么说的:“我从未发现比独处更好的伙伴。”,Thoreauhadhisownself-importanceforcompany.Perhapstheresamessagehere:Thelargertheego,thelesstheneedforotheregosaround.Themoremodestandhumblewefeel,themorewesufferfromsolitude,feelingourselvesinadequatecompany.梭罗以自尊自重为伴。也许这里的启示是:自我意识越强,就越不需要其他的人在周围。我们越是感觉谦卑,就越受孤独的折磨,感到仅与自己相处远远不够。,Ifyoulivewithotherpeople,theirtemporaryabsencecanberefreshing.SolitudewillendonThursday.IftodayIuseasingularpersonalpronountorefertomyself,nextweekIwillusethepluralform.Whiletheothersareabsentyoucanstretchoutyoursouluntilitfillsupthewholeroom,anduseyourfreedom,comingandgoingasyoupleasewithoutapology,stayinguplatetoread,soakininthebath,eatingawholepintoficecreamatonesitting,movingatyourownpace.Thoseabsentwillbeback.Theirwaterproofwintercoatsareintheclosetandthedogkeepswatchingforthematthewindow.Butwhenyoulivealone,thetemporaryabsenceofyourfriendsandacquaintancesleavesavacuum;theymaynevercomeback.,若与别人同住,他们的小别会使你感到耳目一新。孤独将会于星期四结束。如果今天我提到自己时使用的是单数人称代词,那么下星期我就会使用复数形式。其他人不在的时候,你可以放飞自己的灵魂,让它充满整个房间。你可以充分享受自由,随意来去而无需道歉。你可以熬夜读书、大泡浴缸、一口气吃掉整整一品脱的冰淇淋。你可以按自己的节奏行动。暂别的人会回来。他们的冬季防水大衣还放在衣橱里,狗也在窗边密切留意他们归来的身影。但如果你单独居住,那么朋友或熟人的暂时离别会使你感到空虚,也许他们永远也不会回来了。,Theconditionoflonelinessrisesandfalls,buttheneedtotalkgoesonforever.Itsmorebasicthanneedingtolisten.Oh,weallhavefriendswecantellimportantthingsto,peoplewecancalltosaywelostourjoborfellonaslipperyfloorandbrokeourarm.Itsthedailysuccessionofsmallcomplaintsandobservationsandopinionsthatbacksupandchokesus.Wecantreallycallafriendtosaywegotaparcelfromoursister,oritsgettingdarkearliernow,orwedonttrustthatnewSupremeCourtjustice.,孤独的感觉时起时落,但我们却永远需要与人交谈。这比需要倾听更重要。噢,我们都有朋友,可以把大事要事向他们倾诉。我们可以打电话对朋友说我们丢了工作,或者说我们在湿滑的地板上摔倒了,跌断了胳膊。每日不断的琐碎抱怨,对各种事情的看法和意见,积在那儿,塞满了我们的心。我们不会真打电话给一位朋友,说我们收到了姐姐的一个包裹,或者说现在天黑得比较早,或者说我们不信任最高法院新来的法官。,Scientificsurveysshowthatwewholivealonetalkatlengthtoourselvesandourpetsandthetelevision.Weaskthecatwhetherweshouldwearthebluesuitortheyellowdress.Weasktheparrotifweshouldpreparesteak,ornoodlesfor,dinner.Wearguewithourselvesoverwhoisthegreatersportsman:thatfigureskaterorthisskier.Theresnothingwrongwiththis.Itsgoodforus,andalotlessembarrassingthanthewomaninfrontofusinlineatthemarketwhostellingthecashierthathernieceMelissamaybecomingtovisitonSaturday,andMelissaisveryfondofhotchocolate,whichiswhysheboughtthepowderedhotchocolatemix,thoughsheneverdrinksitherself.,科学调查表明,独居的人会对着自己、对着宠物、对着电视机唠叨不休。我们问猫儿今天该穿蓝色套装还是黄色裙装,问鹦鹉今天晚餐该做牛排还是面条。我们跟自己争论那个花样滑冰选手和这个滑雪运动员到底谁更了不起。这没什么不妥,也对我们有好处,而且不像有些人那么令人尴尬:在超市付款处,排在前面的女人告诉收银员,她的侄女梅利莎星期六可能会来看她。梅莉莎非常喜欢热巧克力,所以她买了速溶热巧克力粉,虽然她自己从来不喝这东西。,Itsimportanttostayrational.Itsimportanttostopwaitingandsettledownandmakeourselvescomfortable,atleasttemporarily,andfindsomegraceandpleasureinourcondition,notlikeaself-centeredBritishpoetbutlikeapatientprincesssealedupinatower,waitingforthehappyendingtoourfairytale.Afterall,hereweare.Itmaynotbewhereweexpectedtobe,butforthetimebeingwemightaswellcallithome.Anyway,thereisnoplacelikehome.重要的是保持理性。重要的是不再等待,而是安顿下来,使自己过得舒服,至少暂时要这样。要在我们自身的条件下发现一些优雅和乐趣,不要做一个以自我为中心的英国诗人,而要像一个被关在塔楼里的公主,耐心地等待着我们的童话故事迎来快乐的结局。毕竟,事已至此,这或许不是我们所期望的局面,但眼下我们不妨称之为家吧。不管怎么说,没有什么地方比家更好。,ResearchintoPopulationGeneticsWhilenotexactlyatop-sellingbook,TheHistoryandGeographyofHumanGenesisaremarkablecollectionofmorethan50yearsofresearchinpopulationgenetics.

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