形容词_副词比较级最高级PPT演示课件

形容词、副词比较级和最高级,1,形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。,副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语.,一、形容词和副词的概念,2,形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。如:anewbook,twobigtrees等。,二、形容词和副词的用法,形容词放在系动词be、look、get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、grow、smell等之后。如:1.Iamshort.2.Shelooksfine.3.Theyturngreen.,3,如果形容词修饰不定代词something,anything,everything,nothing等时，要放在不定代词后面。如:somethinginterestingnothingnew,副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。如:1.Sheworkshard.（修饰动词）2.Iamverybusy.（修饰形容词）3.Herunstooquickly.（修饰副词）4.Weplayhappily.（修饰动词）,4,通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。,slow_real_usual_careful_easy_happy_heavy_angry_,slowly,usually,easily,heavily,really,carefully,happily,angrily,5,三、形容词和副词的级,形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。small,good,pretty,big,manyhard,happily,slowly,quickly程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容词和副词的原级。如：verytall、toohot、socoldquiteinterestingrunquickly,6,形容词原级的常用句型,TomisastallasMike.,1.as+形容词原形+as,Thereareasmanystudentsinourschoolasyours.,TomisthreetimesasoldasMike.,7,2.so和suchA)sothat与suchthat的区别。,so+形容词/副词+thatso+形容词+a（n）+单数nc+that,so,many/few+nc,much/little(少的)+nu,8,such+a(n)+形容词+单数可数名词+thatsuch+形容词+不可数名词+thatsuch+形容词+复数名词+that注意：但当little表示“小”时用such。如：Thesearesuchlittleboysthattheycantdressthemselves.下列so的用法是错误的：soadifficultproblem,sodifficultproblems,sohotweather。,9,3.betoomuch+n.bemuchtoo+adj.betoomuchforsb.对太过分了4.cantbetoo+adj.=cantbe+adj.+enough“无论都不为过”Youcanneverbecarefulenough.=Youcanneverbetoocareful.你越小心越好。,10,young-yonger-yongestoldolder-oldesttall-taller-tallestsmall-smaller-smallest,early-earlier-earliestthirsty-thirstier-thirstiest,1.一般情况下加-er或est:,2.以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r或-st,4.以“辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词，先改“y”为“i”，再加-er或-est.,bigbigger-biggestfatfatter-fattest,形容词副词比较级最高级规则,nicenicer-nicestsafesafer-safest,3.重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est.,四.,11,5.双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的特殊情况：,1）、一般是在原级前加more构成比较级，在原级前加most构成最高级。beautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautifulinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingdangerousmoredangerousmostdangerous,12,2）、某些单音节形容词，加more,most构成比较级和最高级。gladmoregladmostgladpleasedmorepleasedmostpleasedtiredmoretiredmosttiredoften-moreoften-mostoften,13,3）不规则变化,oldesteldest,olderelder,old,far,least,less,little,most,more,many/much,worst,worse,bad/ill,best,better,good/well,最高级,比较级,原级,farther,further,farthest,furthest,两好、两坏、两多、一少、一老、一远.,14,Readandcompare:,younglongfullshortsmalloldfineeasyhungryearlyheavybigred,youngeryoungest,longerlongest,fullerfullest,shortershortest,smallersmallest,olderoldest,finerfinest,easiereasiest,hungrierhungriest,earlierearliest,heavierheaviest,biggerbiggest,redderreddest,15,healthymanyfamousillexcitingcarefullywethotlittlefew,healthierhealthiest,moremost,morefamousmostfamous,worseworst,moreexcitingmostexciting,morecarefullymostcarefully,wetterwettest,hotterhottest,lessleast,fewerfewest,16,6.比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较”或“更一些”。标志词：than(比）Imgoingtoworkmuchharderthanbefore.,比较级前面可以用even(更加)，much(得多)，far(得多)，alittle(一点)，abit(一点)，alot(大量)，still(还，还要)等词语表示不定程度或数量。eg:Iamevenlesslucky.Sheisfarbetterthanmeatwriting.Thispenismuchbetterthanthatone.TomisalittleshorterthanhisfriendJim.,17,二）.比较级的主要句型有：比较级+thaneg.MaryismuchyoungerthanSue.疑问句+动词+比较级,AorB?eg.Whodrawsbetter,TomorJim?Whichdoyoulikebetter,mathsorEnglish?,18,(4)the+比较级ofthetwo两者之中较,Eg:Jimisthetallerofthetwins.,(5)the+比较级,the+比较级,表示越越eg.Hesays,“thebusier,thebetter.”,(3)比较级+and+比较级，表示越来越Theweathergetswarmerandwarmer.Marygetsmoreandmorebeautiful.,19,6）.表示倍数的比较级用法：,.A+be+倍数+times+the+抽象n.+of+B.,如：Thenewbuildingisthreetimestheheightoftheoldone.,这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高),.A+be+倍数+times+as+原级+as+B.,如：AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.,亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍),20,.A+be+序数词+比较级+than+B.,如：Ourschoolistwicebiggerthanyours.,21,8）比较级thananyothern.（单）（适用于范围一致时）(all)othern.（复）anyn.(单)（适用于范围不一致时）,Heistallerthananyotherstudentallotherstudentsinhisclass.anystudentinmyclass.,22,9）morethan结构颠倒词序译作“与其说是，不如说是”。Thatlittlegirlismoretiredthanhungry.那个小姑娘是累了而不是饿了。Sheismoreamotherthanawife她是贤妻，更是良母。,23,nomorethan和一样不如单音节使用比较级形式notmorethan不比更,nolessthan=asmuchas“多达”nofewerthan=asmanyas,HeisnoricherthanI.他和我一样穷。Heisnolessdeterminedthanyou.他的决心不亚于你。(nolessdeterminedthan等于“其决心不亚于你”，言其大)Heisnotlessdeterminedthanyou.他的决心不比你小。(notlessdeterminedthan等于“其决心不小于”，无言其大或小的含义),24,nomorethan=only“只不过”，言其少Ihavenomorethanfiveyuaninmypocket.我口袋里的钱只不过5元。,notmorethan=atmost“不多于”，“至少”，指事实。Ihavenotmorethanfiveyuaninmypocket.我口袋里的钱不多于5元。,25,eg.Jimworkshardestofusall.,Mymotheristhebusiestinmyfamily.,26,疑问词+动词+最高级Whichlikebest,A,BorC?eg.Whichisthebest,A,BorC?,(3)the+最高级=比较级thantheother名词复数比较级thananyother名词单数eg.Tomisthetallestofall.Tomistallerthantheotherstudents.Tomistallerthananyotherstudent.,27,(4)oneofthe+最高级+名词复数最之一,eg.LuXunisoneofthegreatestwriters.,(5)the+序数词+最高级表示第最,eg.ChangjiangisthefirstlongestriverinChina.HuangheisthesecondlongestriverinChina.,(6)某人的+最高级（包括形容词性物主代词)表达“某人的最”最高级前省略定冠词the,eg.Lindaismysistersbestfriend.MybestfriendisMay.,28,六.使用比较级和最高级的几个注意点1.比较应在同类事物中进行.eg.Maryshairislongerthanyou.Maryshairislongerthanyours.2.最高级后的介词in与of.a.in表示“在内(指某范围内)”可以跟表示单位,组织,时间等单数名词.b.of表示属性(指在同类的人,物中)后可接the+基数词/the+基数词+名词复数/all+the+复数名词/all3.形容词的最高级前用the,副词的最高级前可以不用the,29,Dosomeexercises,同义句转换,Heisthetalleststudentinhisclass.Heis_studentinhisclass.Heis_studentsinhisclass.,tallerthananyother,tallerthantheother,30,2.Peterdrawswell,Lileidrawsbetter.Lileidraws_ofthetwo.3.Thetractorgoesfasterthanthebike.Thebikegoes_thanthetractor.4.Hiscakesdearerthanthetwinscakes.Hiscakeis_ofthethree.,thebetter,moreslowly,thedearest,31,WhichdoesJimmylike,ChineseorArt?A.wellB.bestC.betterD.much2.TheChangjiangRiverisoneofintheworld.A.thelongestriverB.longestriversC.thelongestriversD.longerrivers3.ofthetwowomenisMrsBrown.A.ThebeautifulB.ThemorebeautifulC.MorebeautifulD.Themostbeautiful4.Mymooncakeisnicerhis.A.likeB.withC.forD.than,C,C,B,D,32,5.Youarefatterthan.A.heB.hisC.hesD.heistall6.Hejumpsofthethree.A.farB.furtherC.farthestD.furthest7.Myhairislongerthan.A.mysisterB.KateC.mybrothersD.Lucys8.Therearepaperhere.Pleasebringsome.A.littleB.lessC.fewerD.alittle,A,C,C,A,33,9.Thepenisthanthatone.A.morecheapB.cheapC.muchcheaperD.quitecheaper10.TomspeaksChinesebetterthanJimmy.A.moreB.veryC.alotofD.much11.TherearegirlsinClassTwothaninClassFour.A.moreB.nicestC.mostD.best12.Itstooforyoutodothat.A.easyB.moredangerousC.harderD.theeasiest,C,D,A,A,34,13.Whohasapplesnow,Jim,LilyorLucy?A.muchB.biggestC.betterD.themost14.Youhavemorerulersthanme.Butarenicerthan.A.mine,yoursB.mine,yourC.my,yoursD.my,your15.LucyisthanMeimei,butMeimeiis_thanLucy.A.tall,strongerB.taller,strongestC.tallest,strongD.taller,stronger16.Motherisinmyfamily.A.busyB.busierC.thebusiestD.morebusy,A,D,C,D,35,17.ThereareintheparkonSunday.A.morechildrenB.alotofpeopleC.muchmenandwomenD.manypeoples18.Thedumplingsarethanthenoodles,Ithink.A.morenicerB.muchdeliciousC.veryniceD.muchmoredelicious19.Sheisthanmeatdrawings.A.betterB.bestC.goodD.harder20.-Thisbluesweateristoobigforme.-Willyoupleaseshowmeaone?A.smallB.smallerC.thesmallestD.smallest,B,D,A,B,36,改错,Lesson9ismoreeasierthanLesson10.Mymotherisyoungerthanyour.Heisoneoftallestboysinhisclass.4.Theboydoesntdrawmuchwell.,yours,thetallest,very,37,5.Bettyistheyoungestonthethreegirls.6.Maryrunsfasterthananyothergirlsinhisclass.7.Thereisfewerbreadinthefridge.8.Motheristhebusiestofmyfamily.9.Jimisshorterofthetwoboys.10.Youcanjumpveryhigheronthemoonthanontheearth.,of,girl,less,in,theshorter,much,38,七.注意,1.Thenewbuildingishigherthantheoldone.,Thoseapplesarebiggerthantheseones.,2.Hisshirtismoreexpensivethanmine.,如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词。,比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，特别注意在than或as之后不要漏掉可能出现的替代词that，those,one,ones.,39,注意,3.Thecityisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld.,oneof+the+最高级+复数名词,Which/Who+比较级，AorB?Which/Who+最高级，A，BorC?,4.Whoisolder,JimorTom?Whoisthetallest,Jim,MikeorTom,Whichlanguageis_,English,FrenchorChinese?A.difficultB.moredifficultC.themostdifficult,C,40,注意,5.Maryisthetallestofallthesistersinthefamily.,在使用形容词最高级时，一定要把自己包括在比较的范围内。,6.ThisisthethirdlargestcityinChina.,当表示“第二，第三”等意思时，经常在最高级的前面加second,third,等词。,7.Itsourlargestmachineinourfactory.,当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加定冠词the.,41,相关词语辨析1.very和muchA）very修饰形容词、副词的原级；much修饰比较级；修饰动词用much或verymuch,eg.IverylikeEnglish.(),因改为：IlikeEnglishverymuch.B)表示状态的过去分词前用very。averyfrightenedboy,averytiredchild.一般的情况下，以-ed结尾的分词多用much、verymuch/greatly等修饰。如：Weweregreatly/muchshockedbythenewsaboutTom.,42,C)已转化为形容词的现在分词前用very。如：veryinteresting/worrying/excitingD）too前用much/far,不用very。Youaremuch/far/alottoonice.另外，在toomany/much,toofew/little前用far。Wevegotfartoomanyeggsandfartoofeweggcups.E)还有修饰词既不用very,也不用much.eg.bewellworthdoing,bewellabovethetree,43,1、-MrZhou,ofallthestudentsinourgroup,wholives_?-IthinkLiLeidoes.A.fatB.fatherC.farthestD.farest2、TheChangjiangRiveris_thananyotherriverinChina.A.shorterB.longerC.shortestD.longest3、Bobneverdoeshishomework_Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyasD.ascarefulas,C,B,B,44,4、_sheis,_shefeels.A.Themorebusy,themorehappyB.Thebusy,thehappyC.Busier,happierD.Thebusier,thehappier5、Theweatherisgetting_.(越来越糟糕),DD,worstandworst,45,Haveatry，please。,1.Whichdoyoulike_(well),applesororanges?2.Whois_(old),JimorTom?3.Jackisrunning_and_(fast).4.Ourcountryisbecoming_and_(beautiful).5.Heis_(tall)ofthethetwoboys.,better,older,faster,faster,more,morebeatiful,thetaller,46,4.Findoutthemistakesinthesentencesbelow.Allofusfelthappilyatherbirthdayparty.IammoreolderthanHarry.,3.Hercoatisnewerthanyou.4.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthaninXiamen.,5.Sueisoneofth