2015八年级英语下 Unit 7 Grammar 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 .ppt

Unit7Whatsthehighestmountainintheworld?形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,大多数形容词有三个级。1.原级:Structure:as.as.像.一样e.g.TimisastallasTom.2.比较级(用于两者之间的比较):Structure：形容词比较级than.e.g.Thisboxisbiggerthanthatone.,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,3.最高级(用于三者或三者以上的比较):Structure:the+形容词的最高级of/in.e.g.Tomistheheaviestinourclass.Heisthemostpopularinourschool.,规则变化1)一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词/副词比较级er，最高级est。如:clevercleverercleverestfewfewerfewestsmallsmallersmallest等。,形容词、副词的比较级和最高级规则变化和不规则变化,2)以e结尾的词，比较级r，最高级st即可。如：nicenicernicestcutecutercutestlargelargerlargest3)以辅音字母y结尾的变y为ier或est如:easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiest再如：early,busy,heavy,dirty,lazy也如此。,4)重读闭音节，单辅音结尾的，双写这个辅音字母er或est的词：fatfatterfattestthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottestredredderreddestwetwetterwettestbigbiggerbiggestzx。xk,5)多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前more构成比较级，themost构成最高级。如：beautifulmorebeautifulthemostbeautiful又如:delicious,popular,important,interesting,expensive,creative双音节的词如:carefulmorecarefulthemostcarefulusefulmoreusefulthemostuseful,少数单音节词也是这样，如：pleasedmorepleasedthemostpleasedtiredmoretiredthemosttiredb)不规则变化：goodbetterbestwellbetterbestbadworseworstmany/muchmoremost,farfartherfarthest(距离远)farfurtherfurthest(程度深)oldeldereldest(长幼)oldolderoldest(年龄),三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。例如：ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.Heworks(the)hardestinhisclass.,最高级的用法,2.最高级可被序数词等词语所修饰。例如：Howmuchdidthesecondmostexpensivehatcoat?,3.表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。4.形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。e.g.Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass.5.作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。e.g.Ofalltheboyshecame(the)earliest.,比较级考点比较级修饰问题alittle,abit,even,still,much,alot,far等可修饰比较级。e.g.TomisalittletallerthanJim.Thisbookismuchmoreinterestingthanthatone.,中考链接,同级比较e.g.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinXian.Ourschoolisbiggerthanyours.the+比较级e.g.Lucyisthefatterofthetwogirls.,“a/an+比较级”表示“又一，再一”e.g.Lilyhasadoll,butshewantsabiggerone.隐性比较（没有than的情况）e.g.Whorunsfaster,LucyorLily?Youdbettercomeearliernexttime.Heworkedhardlastterm,butheworksevenharderthisterm.,越来越.比较级+and+比较级b.the+比较级+句子，the+比较级+句子e.g.Itsgettingcolderandcolder.Themoreyouexercise,thebetteryouare.,2.最高级考点说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the；副词的最高级前省略the。范围问题e.g.Tomisthetalleststudentintheclass.Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.,“.之一”问题e.g.Beijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.“the+序数词+最高级”e.g.Ithinkheisthesecondtallestboyinhisclass.,3.比较级和最高级的转换e.g.Tomisthetalleststudentintheclass.=Tomistallerthananyotherstudentintheclass.=Tomistallerthanalltheotherstudentsintheclass.=NootherstudentsaretallerthanTom.,总结：anyother+名词单数theother+名词复数否定+比较级=最高级比较级+极限=最高级,同级比较as+adj./adv.+ase.g.SheisasthinasLily.HewritesascarefullyasLinda.not+as/so+adj./adv.+ase.g.TonydidntrunsofastasCarter.,1.Ourfamilyhasboughtacarsowecantravel_thanbefore.（2008陕西）mosteasilyB.lesseasilyC.easilyD.moreeasily2.Myfathertoldmeastorylastnight.Itis_oneIveeverheard.（2009陕西）thefunniestB.funniestC.funnierD.thefunnier,学以致用,D,A,3.The_friendsyouhave,the_youwillbe.（2010陕西）A.more,happyB.many,happyC.more,happierD.many,happier4.Whenheheardacryforhelp,heranoutas_ashecould.（2011陕西）hardlyB.quicklyC.finallyD.slowly,C,B,5.ThisplaceisnotbigenoughforLucysbirthdayparty.Weshouldfinda_one.（2012陕西）bigB.smallC.biggerD.smaller,C,3.Nooceanintheworldisas_asthePacificOcean.4.AlthoughJapanis_thanCanada,itis_smaller.,big,older,much,太平洋,n.大海；海洋,Exercises,1.Sheis_than_.A.busier/usB.busier/weC.morebusy/usD.morebusy/we2.Janeis_thanBetty.A.lesstallerB.lesstallestC.lesstallD.notastall3.Chinais_countryintheworld.A.thethirdlargestB.thelargestthirdC.thethirdlargeD.athirdlargest,B,A,A,4.Whichis_seasoninBeijing?Ithinkitsautumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest5.Whichis_,thesun,themoonortheearth?Themoonis.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest,D,D,6.IstudyEnglishas_asmybrother.A.hardB.harderC.hardest7.Whichis_,abicycleoracomputer?A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.themostexpensive8.TheYellowRiverisoneof_riversinChina.A.longB.longerC.thelongest,A,B,C,比较级和最高级填空：,cheaper,cheapest,bigger,biggest,closer,closest,friendlier,friendliest,morepopular,themostpopular,morecomfortable,themorecomfortable,better,best,worse,worst,more,most,farther,farthest,1.Paulisvery_.Heis_thanhisbrother.A.heavy-heavierB.heavy-heavyC.heavier-heavierD.heavy-heavyer2.Ithasthe_clothingstoreinthetown.A.goodestB.gooddestC.bestD.better3.Thisruleris_thanthatone.A.longB.longerC.thelongestD.longest4.Thisbookis_ofall.A.cheapestB.cheapD.cheaperD.thecheapest5.Heismuch_thanhisbrother.A.tallerB.tallC.thetallestD.tallest6.LiLeiis_olderthanLucy.A.quiteB.veryC.muchD.more,一.单选。,7.Thisisoneof_filmsofthisyear.A.moreexcitingB.excitingC.themostexcitingD.mostexciting8.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthan_.A.inGuangzhouB.GuangzhouC.thatinGuangzhouD.thatfromGuangzhou9.Tomis_ofthetwoboys.A.tallerB.tallestC.thetallerD.thetallest10.Ofmyparents,myfatherlooks_.A.oldB.olderC.theoldestD.theolder11.Thiswatchis_thanthatone.A.muchexpensiveB.expensiverC.moreexpensiverD.moreexpensive,二.用括号中形容词的适当形式填空。1.Iamvery_.ButTomis_thanI.Frankis_.（tired）2.Whichis_（difficult）,physicsorbiology?3.Thisbookis_thantheothertwo.Itis_ofthethree.（easy）4.Insummerits_（hot）inWuHanthaninBeijing.5.TheChinesepeoplehaveamuch_（good）lifenow.,tired,moretired,themosttired,moredifferent,easier,theeasiest,hotter,better,三.填空：,1.Lilygetsup_(early)thanLucy.2.Whichgoes_(slowly),TomorJim?3.Thisbookis_(interesting)thanone.,earlier,moreslowly,moreinteresting,4.Sheworks_(careful)inherschool.5.Whogoestobed_(late)Jim,TomorJack?6.Ithinkturkeyis_(delicious)ofall.,themostcarefully,thelatest,themostdelicious,1.Thebiggest_intheworldistheSahara.2.Theriveristoo_toswimin.3.Chinaisoneof_civilizations(文明)intheworld.4.The_ofthefastestanimalis120kilometersperhour.5.What_doyouneedforyourcoat?Iwantalargeone.,Exercises,desert,dirty,theoldest,一、根据句意，用适当的词填空。,speed,size,二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空。1.Jimisvery_.LiLeiis_thanJim.(hungry)2.Katesmooncakesare_ofall.(nice)3.Yourboxis_thanmine.Buthisis_ofthethree.(heavy)4.Unit2isquite_.Unit3is_thanUnit2.Its_inModule1.(hard)5.ThisTVplayis_thanthatone.(good),hungry,hungrier,nicer,heavier,heaviest,hard,harder,thehardest,better,6.Mymotherisvery_.Sheis_inmyfamily.(busy)7.Linglinggetstoschool_thantheothers.(early)8.ShespeaksEnglish_inourclass.(well)9.Lucyjumpedquite_.(far)10.IthinkEnglishisas_asChinese.(important)11.Thispictureis_ofthefour.(beautiful)12.Lucydid_thanLily.(bad),busy,busiest,earlier,best,far,important,themostbeautiful,worse,三、单项选择。,1.Mybrotheris_moreoutgoingthanme.A.manyB.littleC.much2.October12thwasoneof_daysin2005.Shenzhou-VIwaslaunched（发射）successfully.A.excitingB.moreexcitingC.themostexciting3.Whichcityis_,Beijing,ShanghaiorFuzhou?A.beautifulB.themostbeautifulC.morebeautiful,C,C,B,4._childrenthereareinafamily,_theirlifewillbe.A.Theless,thebetterB.Fewer,richerC.Thefewer,thebetter5.Mobilephonesareverypopularnowandtheyare_thanbefore.A.cheapB.cheaperC.thecheapest6.Inourcity,its_inJuly,butitseven_inAugust.A.hotter,hottestB.hot,hotC.hot,hotter,A,B,C,7.Jackshandwritingisas_asMikes.goodB.betterC.best8.Wecandotheworkbetterwith_moneyand_people.A.little,fewB.less,fewerC.fewer,less9.JimisthetalleststudentinourclassandTomisthesecond_one.A.tallB.tallerC.tallest,A,B,C,Review,Canyoutranslatethefollowingsentences?,长江大约长6,300千米。,TheYangtzeRiverisabout6,300kilometerslong.,Review,Canyoutranslatethefollowingsentences?,黄河长5,464千米。,TheYellowRiveris5,464kilometerslong.,Review,Canyoutranslatethefollowingsentences?,明朝的长城大约有8,850千米长。,TheGreatWallinMingdynastyisabout8,850kilometerslong.,Review,Canyoutranslatethefollowingsentences?,珠穆朗玛峰高8,844.43米，所以攀登起来很危险。,Qomolangmais8,844.43metershighandsoisverydangeroustoclimb.,Nowletstrytotranslatethesentencesbelow:,那个篮球运动员有两米高。那条河只有两米深/宽。这棵树有两米高。那条河长两千米。,Thebasketballplayeristwometerstall.,Theriverisonlytwometersdeep/wide.,Thetreeistwometerstall.,Theriverisabouttwokilometerslong.,5.这座山大约有两千米高。6.这个箱子大约有两米高/宽/长。,Themountainisabouttwothousandmetershigh.,Theboxisabouttwometershigh/wide/long.,Exercises,1.Sheis_than_.A.busier/usB.busier/weC.morebusy/usD.morebusy/we2.Janeis_thanBetty.A.lesstallerB.lesstallestC.lesstallD.notastall3.Chinais_countryintheworld.A.thethirdlargestB.thelargestthirdC.thethirdlargeD.athirdlargest,B,A,A,4.Whichis_seasoninBeijing?Ithinkitsautumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest5.Whichis_,thesun,themoonortheearth?Themoonis.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest,D,D,6.IstudyEnglishas_asmybrother.A.hardB.harderC.hardest7.Whichis_,abicycleoracomputer?A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.themostexpensive8.TheYellowRiverisoneof_riversinChina.A.longB.longerC.thelongest,A,B,C,1.Ourfamilyhasboughtacarsowecantravel_thanbefore.（2008陕西）mosteasilyB.lesseasilyC.easilyD.moreeasily2.Myfathertoldmeastorylastnight.Itis_oneIveeverheard.（2009陕西）thefunniestB.funniestC.funnierD.thefunnier,学以致用,D,A,3.The_friendsyouhave,the_youwillbe.（2010陕西）A.more,happyB.many,happyC.more,happierD.many,happier4.Whenheheardacryforhelp,heranoutas_ashecould.（2011陕西）hardlyB.quicklyC.finallyD.slowly,C,B,5.ThisplaceisnotbigenoughforLucysbirthdayparty.Weshouldfinda_one.（2012陕西）bigB.smallC.biggerD.smaller,C,翻译句子1.这张桌子两米长，一米宽。2.这座山有1500米高。3.这栋楼120米高。4.这本字典有五厘米厚。5.这个湖有多深？1025米深。,Thetableistwometerslongandonemeterwide.,Themountainis1,500metershigh.,Thebuildingis120meterstall.,Thedictionaryisfivecentimetersthick.,Howdeepisthelake?Its1,o25metersdeep.,1.-Whichis_seasoninBeijing?(2003年)-Ithinkitsautumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest,该题的核心词为season。根据比较级与最高级的知识,两者之间用比较级,而三者或三者以上用最高级,北京有四季,因此本题应选择最高级。又因为形容词最高级前要加定冠词the,因此答案为D。,2.-Whichis_,thesun,themoonortheearth?(2004年)-Ofcourse,themoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest解析：正确答案为D。该题的核心词在第一句句尾，thesun,themoonortheearth,提问的对象为三者，应该选择最高级。,3.TheairinBeijingisgettingmuch_nowthanafewyearsago.(2005年)A.cleanB.cleanerC.cleanestD.thecleanest该题的核心词为than，than一词是比较级的标志。,4.Mobilephonesareverypopularnowandtheyare_thanbefore.(2005年)A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapestD.thecheapest该题与第三题相似，核心词为than。,Choosethebestanswer.1.Mybrotheris_moreoutgoingthanme.A.manyB.littleC.much2.October12thwasoneof_daysin2005.Shenzhou-VIwaslaunched(发射）successfully.A.excitingB.moreexcitingC.themostexciting3.Whichcityis_,Beijing,ShanghaiorFuzhou?A.beautifulB.morebeautifulC.themostbeautiful,4._childrenthereareinafamily,_theirlifewillbe.A.Theless,thebetterB.Fewer,richerC.Thefewer,thebetter5.Mobilephonesareverypopularnowandtheyare_thanbefore.A.cheapB.cheaperC.thecheapest6.Inourcity,its_inJuly,butitseven_inAugust.A.hotter,hottestB.hot,hotC.hot,hotter,7.Ofthetwoskirts,thepinkoneis_.A.thenicestB.thenicerC.nicer8.Jackshandwritingisas_asMikes.A.goodB.betterC.best9.Wecandotheworkbetterwith_moneyand_people.A.little,fewB.less,fewerC.fewer,less10.JimisthetalleststudentinourclassandTomisthesecond_one.A.tallB.tallerC.tallest,Finishthesentenceswiththerightformsoftheadjs.1.Kateisyoung,butJoeis_.2.Myshoesarenew.Mysistersare_thanmine.3.Herbagisheavy,andhisis_thanhers.Butyoursis_ofall.,younger,newer,heavier,theheaviest,4.Tomskiteishigh.Jimsis_thanToms.Mikesis_ofthemall.5.Billisseven.JohnisnineandTomiseleven.Tomis_thanJohnandBill.Billis_thanJohn.Billis_andTomis_ofthethree.,thehighest,older,younger,theyoungest,theoldest,higher,【例1】Whichis_seasoninBeijing?Ithinkitsautumn.2003北京A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest,典型例题解析,【例2】Itis_todaythanyesterday.Shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?2003北京海淀区A.thehottestB.hotC.hottestD.hotter,D,D,【例3】Jimisrunning_Bruce.Theyreneckandneck,2003黑龙江A.fasterthanB.asfastasC.asfasterasD.moreslowlythan,【例4】Hermotherwasout.Shestayedathome_,butshedidntfeel_.2003甘肃A.alone,lonelyB.lonelyaloneC.alone,lonelyD.lonely,alone,【例5】Isthephysicsproblem_?Yes,Icanworkitout_.2003黄冈A.easy,easilyB.easy,easyC.easily,easyD.easily,easily,B,A,A,.根据句意填空。1.Whichfilmis_thisoneorthatone?(interesting)2.IthinkEnglishisoneof_subjectsinmiddleschool(important).3.LiLeidoesntstudyso_ashissister.(care)4.Annisalittle_thanJoan,butsheismuch_.(young,tall)5.TheChangjiangRiverisvery_.ItsThethird_riverintheworld.(long),课时训练,moreinteresting,themostimportant,carefully,younger,taller,long,longest,.单项选择1.Englishisas_asChinese.Youshouldlearnitwell.A.importantB.moreimportantC.themostimportantD.muchmoreimportant2.Thecarisrunning_.Itseemstobeflying.A.moreandfasterB.moreandfastC.fastandfastD.fasterandfaster3.Ifeeleven_now.A.badB.wellC.worseD.worst4.Shewasveryhappy.Sheran_ofalltherunners.A.fastestB.thequickestC.slowestD.quickly5.Keepquiet,please.Its_noisyhere.A.manytooB.toomanyC.muchtooD.toomuch,课时训练,A,D,C,A,C,1.Englishisas_asChinese.Youshouldlearnitwell.A.importantB.moreimportantC.themostimportantD.muchmoreimportant2.Thesmileonmyteachersfaceshowedthathewasvery_withmyanswer.A.angryB.sorryC.pleasedD.sad3.Bobneverdoeshishomework_Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulasB.ascarefulasC.ascarefullyasD.carefullyas,经典例析,A,C,C,经典例析,1.Heisalittle_(thin)thanyou,butheisas_(strong)asyou.2.Ourschoolisgetting_and_(beautiful).3.Whojumped_(far)inthelongjump,LilyorLucy?4.Ofthetwobooks,thisoneisthe_(interesting).5.The_(much)youspeakEnglish,the_(well)youcanspeakit.6.Annisalittle_(young）thanJoan,butsheismuch_（tall),thinner,strong,moremorebeautiful,farther,moreinteresting,younger,taller,经典例析,Whichis_seasoninBeijing?Ithinkitsautumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest2.(T/F)Whojumpedfartherofallinthelongjump?3.TiananmenSquareisoneof_squaresintheworld.A.largeB.largerC.largestD.thelargest4.Whichofthoseradiossounds_Thes