2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 2 Healthy eating Section Ⅳ Grammar知能演练轻松闯关 新人教版必修3

section grammar学生用书p115(单独成册) 选词填空1my mother suggested that we should(should/will) go to the nature park this weekend.2if you earn more than 5，000 yuan, you have to(have to/can) pay tax(税)3you cant(cant/neednt) go to the wedding in that old shirt. it is out of fashion.4you ought to(ought to/will) give up smoking. it does no good to your health.5if you can lend me the money, i neednt(shouldnt/neednt) go to the bank.6you oughtnt to(oughtnt to/wont) go on working because you look so tired now.7you shouldnt(shouldnt/neednt) laugh at her just because her english isnt very good.8the students mustnt(mustnt/neednt) make a noise in the reading room.9youre johns good friend, so you must(must/have to) know what he likes to do at the weekend.10you neednt(couldnt/neednt) have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house. 阅读理解certain countries have taken strict action on smoking by completely banning it. however, people across the world still do not take it seriously. around the world, about 10 million cigarettes are bought in a minute, 15 billion are sold each day, and over 5，000 billion are produced and used per year.if people out on the streets or in front of supermarkets smoke openly, others passing by these smokers will breathe the smoke unwillingly, which can increase their risks of getting health problems unfortunately. in fact, one little cigarette contains about 7，000 chemicals, 69 of which have been proven to cause cancers. cigarette smoke without doubt does no good to humans. worldwide tobacco(烟草) causes 6 million deaths per year, and that means there is one death every 5 seconds.cigarettes are made from tobacco leaves. they originally take in all the carbon from the air as they grow. when you smoke them, youre just returning the carbon to the air. thus, cigarettes increase the detrimental chemicals in the air that finally damage the quality of the air. to tell the truth, the air pollution caused by cigarettes is 10 times greater than that by cars.i have already made sure that smoking pollutes the air, but unfortunately, the damage to the environment does not stop there. its estimated that 1.69 billion pounds of cigarette butts(烟头) become rubbish each year. the rubbish can almost be found everywhere, which is the most ignored problem of the cigarettes. about 2 million of these cigarette butts are found in water, which results in the death of some animals. the cigarette butts that are thrown away carelessly can be dangerous to animals both on land and in the water.the only measure that we can take to improve this situation is to stop smoking and more importantly, to stop littering(乱扔) cigarette butts. take care of yourself and take care of the environment by putting a stop to smoking.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者主要论述了吸烟对身体及环境的危害并呼吁人们戒烟。1what does the author want to show by mentioning the numbers in the first paragraph?asmoking is not easy to ban.bcigarettes are sold well worldwide.cpeople spend too much on smoking each year.dmany people havent realized the necessity of stopping smoking.d解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的certain countries have taken strict action on smoking by completely banning it. however, people across the world still do not take it seriously.可知，作者在此段用数字论述主要是为了表明：很多人还没有意识到戒烟的必要性。2what does the second paragraph mainly talk about?athe chemicals included in cigarettes.bthe health problems caused by smoking.cthe importance of avoiding smoking passively.dthe negative effects of smoking on human health.d解析：段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，本段主要讲的是无论是被动吸烟还是主动吸烟，都会对人的身体造成不利影响。3what does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 3 probably mean?arare.bharmful.cmajor.ddifferent.b解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词后的that finally damage the quality of the air可知，香烟会使空气中“有害的”化学物质增加，这些化学物质最终会破坏空气质量。4the most unnoticed problem about cigarettes is that cigarette butts _apollute the waterbcause too much rubbishcare dropped everywheredlead to many animals deathc解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的the rubbish can almost be found everywhere, which is the most ignored problem of the cigarettes.可知，每年的烟头垃圾很多，而这些垃圾被乱扔是香烟问题中最容易被忽视的。 完形填空nick prosser, a 28yearold man from rotorua, new zealand, has been stuttering(口吃) for as long as he could remember. but he found a simple way to _1_ his stutter completely by accident, while trying _2_ accents(口音) with a friend, for fun. when he tried the irish accent, both he and his friend were _3_ because they found that nicks stutter _4_. he was able to talk for a long time _5_ stutters at all, which had _6_ happened before. he just couldnt believe that something so easy could deal with such a _7_ that had greatly affected his _8_ ever since he was a child.stuttering may not seem like the most _9_ shortcoming a person could have, but the 28yearold claims that it had always held him back during ordinary _10_ and even at his jobs. he doesnt consider himself a(n) _11_ boy. however, he was always _12_ that he sometimes opened his mouth to say something and the words just couldnt _13_. however, now that he has _14_ this treatment, he is much more confident.interestingly, nick has never been to ireland, but he believes that speaking in an irish accent comes _15_ to him because of his mother, who _16_ an irish family. he _17_ people suffering from a similar stutter to try looking at their genealogy(家谱) and speaking in an accent related to it. however, local speech specialist annette stock said that she hadnt heard about this _18_， and that she would be surprised if it still _19_ in six months. “we know that singing certainly helps with people that have a stutter _20_ you cant just go around singing in your everyday life，” stock said.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个饱受口吃困扰多年的新西兰小伙意外地发现尝试爱尔兰口音竟然治好了自己的毛病，他建议口吃的人尝试和自己宗谱有关的语言来治疗口吃。1a.treatbdevelopcstudydhidea解析：根据下文中的he just couldnt believe that something so easy could deal with可知，nick意外地发现了一个治疗(treat)口吃的简单疗法。2a.differentblocalcfamiliardtraditionala解析：根据本空后的accents(口音) with a friend, for fun. when he tried the irish accent可知，为了好玩，nick和朋友尝试不同(different)的口音。3a.amazedbconfusedcmoveddconcerneda解析：根据下文的he was able to talk for a long time可推测，他们惊讶地(amazed)发现nick的口吃消失了。4a.worsenedbchangedcoccurredddisappearedd解析：根据本空后的he was able to talk for a long time可知，nick的口吃消失了(disappeared)。5a.despitebwithoutclikedbeyondb解析：他能在没有(without)口吃的情况下长时间交谈。6a.everbseldomcneverdmerelyc解析：nick饱受口吃困扰多年，他以前从未(never)说话这么流利过。7a.problembrelationshipcquestiondsubjecta解析：口吃是影响nick很多年的一种毛病(problem)。8a.confidencebappearancecdecisionsdgradesa解析：根据下文中的he is much more confident可知，口吃严重打击他的自信心(confidence)。9a.obviousbseriousccommondunavoidableb解析：根据本空后的shortcoming a person could have, but the 28yearold claims that it had always held him back可知，口吃似乎不是一个人可能遇到的最严重的(serious)问题。10a.exercisesbimprovementscconversationsdtasksc解析：口吃影响最大的当然是会话(conversations)。11a.impatientbunfriendlycshydproudc解析：一般来说，口吃是因为害羞，但nick并不认为自己是个害羞的(shy)人。12a.excitedbtiredcfrighteneddupsetd解析：根据本空后的that he sometimes opened his mouth to say something and the words just couldnt.可知，话到嘴边却说不出来让nick感到很沮丧(upset)。13a.make sensebcome outcmatterdspreadb解析：口吃的症状就是话到嘴边却说不出来(come out)。14a.inventedbsufferedcdiscovereddabandonedc解析：根据上文中的but he found a simple way可知，nick发现(discovered)了一个治疗口吃的方法。15a.unlikelybunluckilycsuddenlydnaturallyd解析：根据本空后的to him because of his mother可知，nick认为自己天生(naturally)就会说爱尔兰口音是因为他的妈妈。16a.comes frombdeals withcbrings updmakes upa解析：他的妈妈来自(comes from)一个爱尔兰家庭。17a.warnsbforbidscteachesdadvisesd解析：根据本空后的people suffering from a similar stutter to try looking at their genealogy(家谱)可知，nick建议(advises)有口吃的人去查一查家谱。18a.researchbmethodcexplanationdexampleb解析：nick认为说和自己家谱有关的语言是治疗口吃的方法(method)。19a.existedbstoppedcpasseddworkedd解析：根据本空前的however, local speech specialist annette stock said that she hadnt heard about this.and that she would be surprised if it still.可知，语言学家annette stock认为如果nick的方法在六个月后依然奏效(worked)的话她会感到很惊讶。20a.asbsincecbutdforc解析：根据句意可知，我们知道唱歌肯定有助于那些口吃的人，但你不能在日常生活中天天唱歌，此处是转折关系，故用but连接。 语法填空eating dinner at least two hours before bedtime could lower the risk of 1._(develop) breast and prostate cancer, new research suggests.people who ate 2._(they) evening meals before 9 pm or 3._(wait) two hours after eating before going to sleep were found to have a 20 percent decreased risk of cancer 4._(compare) to those who ate after 10 pm or close to bedtime.researchers from the barcelona institute for global health found the reason 5._ this is that before you go to sleep, your metabolism(新陈代谢) will begin to slow down but eating will make it speed up again. this will influence the hormones(激素) that influence the bodys internal clock, 6._ will raise the risk of breast and prostate cancer.the research is the first to look at the connection between cancer risk 7._ the timing of mea