2020高考英语总复习 经典易错题会诊与试题预测 第二部分单项填空 考点11特殊句式(强调、 倒装及其他)

第二部分 单项填空考点 11 特殊句式 (强调、 倒装及其他)强调句的正确运用倒装句的正确运用反意疑问句的用法省略句的用法特殊句式在语境中的用法经典易错题会诊命题角度 1 强调句的正确运用1.( 典型例题) It wasnt until nearly a month later _ I received the managers reply.A. since B. when C. as D. that考场错解 B专家把脉 很多考生误以为用when来引导时间状语从句，分析本句结构会发现，本句实际上是由It iswas not until.that .结构构成的强调句。对症下药 D2.(典型例题) It was _ back home after the experiment.A. not until midnight did he goB. until midnight did he goC. not until midnight that he wentD. until midnight when he didnt go考场解错 A专家把脉 很多考生误以为本句是倒装句，实际上本题为强调结构。把题干还原成“He didnt go back home after the experiment until midnigh midnight，在对until进行强调时，not应置于被强调部分之中，构成“It was not until.that.”固定结构。对症下药 C3.(典型例题) It was in the classroom _ was built by the local government they finished their homework.A. where; that B. that; that C. that ;where D. where; where考场错解 A或C专家把脉 很多考生把本题看作状语从句或定语从句，仔细分析句子结构可知，本句实际上是一个含有定语从句强调句，应选B，第一个出at引导定语从句，第二个that为强调句中的that.对症下药 B4.(典型例题) Did Mr. Smith come yesterday?He _ come yesterday.A. do B./ C. did D. has考场错解 D专家把脉 答语中时间状语为yesterday，此时用 has done 结构显然有误。本句意为“他昨天的确来了”，强调“来了”这一动作。此时应该用助动词did来强调谓语动词。对症下药 C5.(典型例题) It was on september 1 st he became a member of our school.A. when B. that C. / D. till考场错解 A专家把脉 本句实际上是一个强调句， 强调的部分是on september 1st，若去掉It wastaht后，该句仍然成立。对症下药 B专家会诊使用强调句时，应该注意如下几点:1.强调状语:It is tomorrow that will hold the meeting.(that不能换成when)It was on the sports ground that I found (that 不能换成where)2.强调含有not.util.一结构的句子时，要用 It iswas not until.that.结构。that后的句子要 用肯定句，且须用陈述语序。3.强调句和主语从句句型(指 “It+be+adj.n.+that从句”类型)的异同点:二者均有 It be . thatwho.之类的语言标志。所不同的是:(1)含有主语从句的句子译为汉语时不可加上“正是”或“就是”之类的字眼，而强调则可以。(2)含有主语从句的句子若删掉 It be.thatwho.则原句不论结构还是语意均不成立，而强调句去掉结构标志仍然成立。如:It is ture that he once went to to Canada.(不可以去掉 It is及that，否则原句不成立)It was on December 11，典型例题at China became a member of WTO.(去掉was及that后原句仍然成立)4.含有定语从句的强调句型:仔细分析出at或 who在句中的作用，若that或who可有可无(结合it be来分析)，则为强调句，否则是定语从句。如:It was in the lab that was set up by Mr.Smith that they finshed the experiment.(lab后的出at不可省略,因为出at引导定语从句，作该句的主语。句中第二个，that才是强调句的标志。)5.强调谓语时用“do/doesdid+动词原形”。如:He did come yesterday.他昨天的确来了。考场思维训练1 It is these poisonous products _ can cause the symtoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.A. who B. that C. how D. what答案: B解析:强调结构it iswas.that2 It was not long _ he was born _ his mother died.A. before; that B. since; when C. until; when D. after; that答案: A解析:对时间状语进行强调。3 It must be he that has stolen Mr. Smiths purse, ?A. hasht he B. isnt he C. musht it D. isnt it答案: D解析:must是表示推测的词，且陈述句为强调句型。4 I have always been honest and straight forward, and it doesnt matter _ Im talking to.A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom答案: B解析:本题考查强调句，该强调句为句子真正主语从句，and后的“为形式主语，who it is Im thinking to为真正的主语。5 Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to stay?A. What is it that B. What it is thatC. How is it that D. How it is that答案: A解析:本题考查强调句的疑问式。陈述语序为：It is what that you want me to stay.命题角度 2 倒装句的正确运用1.(典型例题津)They have a good knowledge of English but little they know about German.A. have B. did C. had D. do考场错解 A专家把脉 本题中后一分句是从little开头，因此是个倒装句，又由于该句明显是一般现在时，故用do.对症下药 D2.(典型例题) I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies.A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize考场错解 B或C专家把脉 当only位于句首后接状语时，该句子应该用倒装结构。根据该句句意，是失败在前，所以不用过去完成时，故选D.对症下药 D3.(典型例题海) Only when the war was over _ hometown.A. did the soldier return B. the soldier returnedC. returned the soldier D. the soldier did return考场错解 B或D专家把脉 only + 状语或状语从句作状语时，主句要进行倒装。本句是only + 时间状语从句，所以其后接的主句要倒装。译文:直到战争结束后，这个年轻的战士才得以返回故乡。对症下药 A4.( 典型例题) So difficult _ it to live in an Englishspeaking country that I dedermined to learn English well.A. I felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel考场错解 B或C专家把脉 以“so+形容词”开头的句子要倒装。此句变为不倒装句为:I felt it so difficult to live in an Englishspeaking country that I determined to learn English well.译文:在一个说英语的国家里生活那么困难，以至于我决定学习英语。对症下药 D5.(典型例题) You forgot your purse when you went out.Good heavens,_.A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did考场错解 C专家把脉 “so + 主 + 谓”的意思是“是的”，表示同意别人所说的话。所提供的情境Good heavens说明自己确实在出门时忘了带钱包，所以回答说:“so I did”.so did的意思是“我确实忘了带钱包。”对症下药 B专家会诊在下列情况下，句子要完全倒装:1.在there，here 引导的句子中，谓语是be；exist 等表示状态的词。如:Hereisaseatforyou.Tom.There stands a building on；the top of the mountain2.在语气词there，here开头的句子中，谓语是 come，be等。如:There goes the bell!铃响了!Here comes your husband.你丈夫来了。There you go again你又来这一套。3.由副词now,then,thus 引导的句子中，谓语是 come,begin,be如: Now comes your turn.Thus ended the meeting.4.在 in, out up, over, back等作状语置于句首时，谓语动词是 come, go, rush, run 等的句子里。如:Up and up the pricesOff went the horses5.地点状语提前，谓语是 be ,stand,lie 的句子中如:In front of the door stood a boy.On the ground lay a sick dog.A. 在疑问句里。Do you have an English class every day?What did the two cheats pretend to be doing?在特殊疑问句里，如果疑问词作主语，则不用倒装。Who is in the next room?谁在隔壁房间？What makes you so angry? 什么使你这么生气？B.在以so 开头表示“也一样”，和以nor或neither开关表示“也不一样”的句子里。I get up at seven and so does my brother.He didnt do it and neither did I.C.在以 never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, barely , rarely, nowhere, by no means, hot until, hardly (scarcely). when ,no sooner. than 等否定或半否定意义的词位于句首表示强调的句子里。Never before have I met him.我以前从未见过他。Seldom did the boy icad newspapers.这个孩子以前很少读报。Little do I dream of seeing wonderful seenery.我梦想不到会看到这样神奇的景色。Not until midnight did it stop raining.雨一直下到半夜才停。Hardly had he entered the house when it began to rain. 他一进屋就开始下雨了。No sooner had they got to the plant than they started to wrok.他们一进工厂就开始工作。考场思维训练1 Only in this way _ progress in your English.A. you make B. can you makeC. you are able to make D. will able to make答案: B解析:Only位于句首，实行部分倒装2 Nowhere else in the world _ more friendly people than in China.A. you will find B. can you be able to findC. you may have found D. can you find答案: D解析:表示否定意义的词放在句首，实行部分倒装3 Tom likes playing the piano, but he cant play it well.A. So does his brotherB. Nor can his brotherC. So is his brotherD. It is the same with his brother答案: D解析:It is the same with意为“也一样”，既适合肯定，也适合否定。4 Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else such a beautiful place.A. can you find B. you could findC. you can find D. could you find答案: A解析:考查倒装语序。因为nowhere为否定意义的 副词，位于句首时要倒装。5 I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible ! .A. Nor am I B. Neither would IC. Same with me D. So do I答案: B解析:so，neither和nor常用于“soneithernor+dobe+主语”这种形式，表示前面情况也适合于后者。前面用肯定，用s。，否定的用nor或neither.命题角度 3 反意疑问句的用法1.(典型例题海)Bills aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, ?A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt he D. is he考场错解专家把脉 考查反意疑问，最佳答案为A。考生容易判断不清主语，主语是Bills aim，可以用代词it代替，而不是Bill；另外，反问的不是inform皿后的宾语从句，其次 is illegal即使反意也要用isnt。 megal、unfit等这些否定前缀构成的词，反意仍用否定形式。对症下药 A2.(典型例题)There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ?A. didnt they B. dont theyC. mustnt they D. havent they考场错解 A专家把脉 考生误认为是对过去情况的推测，故用“助动词”加主语的形式。本题实际上是考查must have done反意疑问句的用法。must have done表示到目前为止的情况，其反意疑问部分要用“havent + 主语”的形式；若句中有明确的时间状语，则用“didnt + 主语。”对症下药 D3.(典型例题海)The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, _ ?A. did they B. didnt theyC. did it D. didnt it考场易错 C专家把脉 许多考生认为discouraged为否定意义，因此反意疑问部分该用肯定形式。事实上尽管discouraged有否定的意思，但并不构成否定句。又由于news为不可数，故用it.对症下药 D4.(典型例题)You havent been to Beijing,have you? .How I wish to go there!A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I haventC. No, I have D. No, I havent考场错解 A专家把脉 部分考生认为问句中用了havent，所以回答时要用肯定形式。从答语“How I wish to go there”可知“我没有去过”，因此回答时应根据客观事实，回答成 NO，I havent.对症下药 D5.(典型例题) He is unfit for his office,_ .A. is he B. isnt heC. does he D. doesnt he考场错解 A专家把脉 本题易排除C、D。很多考生认为fit才前缀变成了否定，故选A。事实上若谓语部分出现否前缀时，仍用否定形式。对症下药 B专家会诊使用反意疑问句时，应注意下列问题：1.陈述部分包含有no，never，hardly，little等含有否定意义的词时，附加问句用肯定形式(但不包括带有否定意义的前后缀的词，如dislike，unfair等)。2.陈述句和附加问句的情态动词或助动词一般要保持一致，但也有特殊情况：(1)used to(过去常常)usednt(或didnt)；(2)have(拥有)havent(或dont)；have(进行某-动作)dont; have(构成完成时态)havent;have to(不得不)dont；(3)ought to(应该)oughtnt；(4)must(必须)mustnt must(必要) neednt； must be(表示猜测)be；must have done (对过去某一时间的事情推测)dont；must have done(对发生在过去但对现在造成影响的动作进行推测)havent;must not(表示禁止)may。3.陈述句的主语为名词或代词时，附加问句的主语为相应的人称代词；陈述句的主语为指示代词 this、that、不定代词nothing、不定式、动名词或从句时，附加问句的主语为小陈述句主语为指示代词 these、those、不定代词nobody、everbody、somebody等时，附加问句用they.4.陈述部分若为“IWe dont think(believe imagine，suppose，expect) + 宾语从句”时，附加问句的谓语动词和主语应和宾语从句的动词和主语保持一致，且用肯定式。但当陈述部分的主语不是 IWe时，附加问句的构成同普通的反意疑问句。5.含有强调句型的反意疑问句中，附加问句的主语代词永远是it.如:It was last year that you graduated, wasnt it?考场思维训练1 This is the third time this week he has had to study late, ?A. isnt it B. hasht he C. isnt he D. hasht it答案: A解析:在主从句复合句中，应对主句进行反问。2 There isnt any milk left.Oh, ? Ill get some in town.A. isnt it B. isnt there C. is there D. is it答案: B解析:isnt there=isnt there any milk left.3 Brian told you that there washt anyone in the room at that time, ?A. was there B. washt there C. didnt he D. did he答案: C解析:主从复合句中，反意疑问部分应和主句保持一致，主语是Brian，且主句是肯定句，故用didnt he.4 Lucy, you wash the dishes, .Mom,but its Lilys turnA. dont you B. can you C. shall you D. will you答案: D解析:第一句话是祈使句，祈使句后的反意疑问句用“will you?”5 The carrying babies, get on the bus first, ?A. will you B. will they C. dont you D. dont they答案: A解析:本句是个祈使句，用“will you”，The women carryingbabies为呼语。命题角度4 省略句的用法1 (典型例题)The old tower must be saved, _ the cost.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever考场错解 A专家把脉 本题考查连词和省略句，补全句子后为“what ever the cost is”，此时答案一目了然。对症下药 B2.(典型例题京) - The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?A. I guess not so B. I dont guess C. I dnontguess so D. I guess not考场错解 C专家把脉 由于受I dont think so这一习惯表达的影响，很多考生选C项。在guess + that从句的反意疑问句中，从句为肯定时可用so，否定时可用not来代替从句，特别是在口语中。对症下药 D3.(典型例题冈) Nancy is not coming tonight.But she !A. Promises B. promisedC. will promise D. had promised考场错解 D专家把脉 had promised意为“过去许诺对现在的影响”，根据句意，答语是一个省略句，表示“以前已许诺过要来，故用一般过去时。对症下药 B4.(典型例题) One of the sides of the boards should be painted yellow,and .A.the other B.another C.the orher white D.another is white考场错解 A专家把脉 the other is white意思是“另外一半是白色”，在本句中指代不明。本句句意很明显，意思是“另一面涂成白色的”，因此应该表达成the other side of the board should be painted white”。为避免重复，表达为the other white.对症下药 C5.(典型例题建)The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _ .A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to考场错解 B专家把脉 考生对省略模糊不清导致误选B项。当不定式内容与前面内容重复时，一般都采用省略形式，此时to后面的动词和定语均省去。对症下药 A专家会诊在英语中，下列情况下一般可以用省略:A.祈使句一般省略主语(You) Dont touch this knob.请不要随便碰这个把手(You) Come in,please! 请进来(You) Be quiet !安静B. 某些句子结构省略谓语She gets up earlier than I ( get up) every day.她每天起床比我早。( Is there) Anybody you want to see? 你想见什么人吗?I like music and he (likes) sports. 我喜欢音乐，他喜欢体育。C.部分问句常省略主语、谓语Why not?为什么不呢?Why?为什么?Right? 对吗?What? 什么?Anything you want?你想要什么?D. 疑问句省略回答Are these your friends? 这些人是你的朋友吗?Yes ,they are (my friends). 是的，他们是。E.并列的不定式可以省略后面一个不定式的to 如: The book is intend to be read and not(to be) torn.这本书是供人读的而不是供人撕毁的F.宾语从句中常用so，not或其他来代替宾从句如:Do you think she is a singer?Yes, I think so.Shall I have a test next week?I hope not.G.定语从句的省略The car (which)you told about is here .你说过的那辆汽车在这里。Do you know the man(who is)speaking to you?你认识和你讲话的那个人吗?The people(who)you were talking to are Japanese.你与之谈话的那些人是日本人。H.状语从句的省略在When，while，if,as if，though，as，whether等连词引导的状语从句中，如果谓语有be，而主语又跟主句的主语相同或是it时，则从句的主语和be常常省略。When(I was)in Japan,I took many beautiful pictures. 在日本，我拍了许多漂亮的照片。You should notes when (it is)necessary.必要时你应该记笔记。考场思维训练1 I am happy if you _ .A. happy B. are C. are happy D. be答案: B解析:if you are happy的省略句。2 Rose feels better today.I think she_.A. will B. will be C. does D. does so答案: C解析:does在此处为助动词，代替前面的内容。3 Have you been here long?A. No, not very B. Not muchC. Yes, only little D. No, only yesterday答案: A解析:完整的答语为“I havent been here verylong”。4 Nothing wrong with it, ?No,yours is a specially -built moldel. Drive carfully, though.A. is it B. has itC. are they D. is there答案: D解析:本题是一个省略句，补全后为There is nothing wrong with it，答案一目了然。5 If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better it-youve got some big bills coming.A. forget B. forgotC. forgetting D. to forget答案: A解析:本题考查省略句，better forget it的完整形式为:youd better forget if，故用动词原形。探究开放题预测预测角度1 特殊句式在语境中的用法1.Lucy Likes singing, but she doesnt like dancing. .A. So is Mary B. So Mary is C. So does Mary D. So it is with Mary解题思路 在倒装句中用So或neigher时，如果一个句子是肯定句，一个句子是否定句，或者一个句子的主语是人，一个句子的主语是物，应该用So it is with结构来表达。解答 D2.Little _ done yesterday.A. was work B. work was C. work had D. had work解题思路 C、D答案均未用被动语态，先排除。在倒装句中，并不是所有的否定词位于句首都倒装。例如本句的litte位于句首，实际上是修饰work的，此时不倒装。解答 B3. you are, you are happy.A. Poor although B. Although poor C. Poor though D. Though poor解题思路 although和though均可引导让步状语从句，但though引导时，可将表语提前，although引导时，却只能用正常语序。解答 C考场思维训练1 Tony is very clever and he studies hard. .A. So is Mary B. So mary is C. So does mary D. So it is with Mary答案: D解析: 本句中两个谓语动词不同类。2 _ , he knows a lot of things.A. Though he is a childB. He is though a childC. Although he is a childD. A and B答案: A解析:Though引导从甸时，表语可提前，也可不提前。3 _ _ walked, he missed the bus.A Quickly he as B. Quickly as he C. As he quickly D. He quickly as答案: B解析:as引导让步状语从句时，其表语或状语要提前。考场思维调练考点高分解题综合训练I单项选择1 Only after my friend came _ .A. did the computer repairB. he repaired the computerC. was the computer repairedD. the computer was repaired答案: C解析:only位于句首时该句实行部分倒装。2 Well. I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. .A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does答案: A解析:So it is意思是“是那样，真的如此”。3 Maggie had a wonderful time at the party. ,and so did I.A. So she had B. So had sheC. So she did D. So did she答案: C解析:“So + 主 + 助动词”意为“的确如此”。4 Not only _ to stay at home, but he was also forbidden to see his friends.A. he was forcing B. he was forcedC. was he forcing D. was he forced答案: D解析:not only.but(also).连接两个分句时，前一个分句通常使用部分倒装，而后一个分句无需倒装。5 Not once in these years _ the prices of these products.A. we changed B. have we changedC. did we change D. we have changed答案: B解析:表示否定意味的词not放在句首要用部分倒装。6 So that no one could follow her.A. fast she spoke B. fast spoke sheC. fast did she speak D. did she speak fast答案: C解析:在句型“so.that.；such.that.”中，若把so + adj.或so + adj + n.提到句首时，句子要用部分倒装。7 Will you go to the party?No, even though to.A. inviting B. being invitedC. invited D. having been invited答案: C解析:可看成是“Even though I have been invited to the party”的省略。8 Whats the matter with Mary?She washt invited to the ball, but she still .A. hopes so B. hopes thatC. hopes to D. hopes it答案: C解析:根据问话情形可判断对话的语境仍然是指现在，故用hopes，应是but she still hopes to(be invited to the ball)，to后面的可省略。9 I wonder why you wont do it as _ and its the third time you have done so.A. told you . B. be toldC. told to D. you told答案: C解析:这是由as引导的定语从句，as后省略的成分为(you were)told to do.10 I dont suppose anyone will volunteer, ?A. do I B. dont IC. will they D. wont they答案: C解析:在I dont think /believe/suppose 构中，反问部分和宾语从句一致。11 He seldom has lunch at school, ?A. hasht he B. has heC. d