上海市红桥区2020届高考英语 完形填空和阅理暑假选练（1）

上海市红桥区2020届高考英语 完形填空和阅理暑假选练（1）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。PLAYA GRANDE, COSTA RICA? This resort town was long known for Leatherback Sea Turtle (棱皮龟) national Park, nightly turtle beach tours and even a sea turtle museum. However, on a beach where dozens of turtles used to nest on a given night, scientists spied only 32 leatherbacks all of last year.With leatherbacks threatened with extinction (灭绝), Playa Grandes turtle museum was abandoned three years ago and now sits among a sea of weeds. And the beachside ticket office for turtle tours was washed away by a high tide in September. “We do not promote that as a turtle tourism destination any more because we realize there are far too few turtles to please,” said Alvaro Fonseca, a park ranger (管理员).Even before scientists found temperatures going up over the past decade, sea turtles were threatened by beach development, drift net fishing and Costa Ricans interest in eating turtle eggs. But climate change may cause the most serious harm to an animal that has lived in the Pacific for 150 million years.Sea turtles are sensitive to numerous effects of warming. They feed on reefs, which are dying in hotter seas. They lay eggs on beaches that are being covered by rising seas and more violent waves.More uniquely their gender (性别) is determined, not by genes but by the eggs temperature during development. Small rises in beach temperatures can result in ail-female populations, obviously problematic for survival. If the sand around the eggs hits 30 degrees Celsius, the gender balance shits to females: at about 32 degrees they are all female. Above 34, you get boiled eggs.On some nesting beaches, scientists are artificially cooling nests with shade or irrigation and trying to protect broader areas of coastal property from development to ensure that turtles have a place to nest as the seas rise.1. Why does the resort town stop promoting its turtle tourism?A. It decides not to disturb the turtles normal life.B. Tourists have lost interest in watching turtles.C. There are only very few turtles now.D. The turtle museum was destroyed by a high tide.2. Which of the following is the major factor in the turtles endangerment?A. The locals eating habit. B. Drift net fishing.C. Beach development. D. Global warming.3. We learn from the last paragraph that scientists.A. are doing research on the sea rise B. are moving turtles to new homesC. are protecting turtles nests D. are getting rid of sea weeds4. The passage intends to.A. introduce a special kind of sea turtleB. explain the mystery of turtles eggsC. show the dangers a certain kind of turtle is facingD. attract more visitors to a sea turtle museum【参考答案】14、CDCC 【广东省深圳市2020高考英语第一次调研考试】完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。People come into your life for a reason, a season, or a lifetime. When you figure out which one it is, you will know 1 what to do for each person.When someone is in your life for a reason, it is 2 to meet a need you have expressed. They have come to assist you through a difficulty, to 3 you with guidance and support, to aid you physically, emotionally, or spiritually. They are there for the 4 you need them to be. Then, without any wrongdoing on your part, or at any inconvenient time, they will say or do something to bring the relationship to a(n) 5 . Sometimes they die, sometimes they walk away, and 6they act up and force you to take a stand. What you must 7 is that your need has been met, and your desire 8 . When their work is done, it is time to move on.When people come into your life for a season, it is because your turn has 9 to share, grow, or learn. They bring you an experience of peace, or make you 10 . They may teach you something you have 11 done. They usually give you an unbelievable amount of joy. 12it! It is real! But, only for a season.Lifetime relationships teach you lifetime lessons: those things you must build upon in order to have a 13 emotional(情感的) foundation. Your job is to accept the 14 , love the person, and put what you have learned to use in all other 15 and areas of your life. It is said that love is sacred but friendship is sensible.In a word, thank you for being part of my life, whether you were here for a reason, a season or a lifetime.1ApartlyBfirmlyCfrequentlyDexactly2AusuallyBhardlyCcloselyDfinally3AfillBinstructCprovideDbother4AgoodBdelightCbenefitDreason5AorderBstateCendDstart6AfirstBsometimesCsometimeDanytime7ArealizeBtryCtolerateDforget8AsharedBfulfilledCfollowedDprotected9AdisappearedBgoneCremainedDcome10AlaughBcryChateDlove11AevenBneverCjustDever12AForgetBTasteCConnectDBelieve13AsolidBsoftCnewDrapid14ArequestsBinvitationsClessonsDhelps15AdifficultiesBprofessionsCworksDrelationships完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）这是一篇议论文。本文主要从不同角度（某种原因“for a reason” 、某种时段“for a season”、或者一辈子“for a lifetime”）阐述了“你生活中的人”。该部分考点：名词4个、动词6个、副词4个、形容词1个。1. 答案为D。考查学生根据上下文语境正确使用副词的能力。2. 答案为A。考查学生在上下文语境中(复现)把握好副词的语用能力。3. 答案为C。考查学生在上下文语境中准确使用动词搭配的能力。4. 答案为D。考查学生在上下文语境(复现)中准确运用名词的能力。5. 答案为C。考查学生根据上文语境把握名词意义及搭配的能力。6. 答案为B。考查学生根据上下文语境正确把握副词意义的能力。（排比句）7. 答案为A。考查学生根据上文语境把握动词意义及用法的能力。8. 答案为B。考查学生根据上下文语境准确把握完成时被动语态的能力。9. 答案为D。考查学生对上下文语境中动词完成时的运用及搭配能力。10. 答案为A。考查学生根据上下文语境，准确使用动词不定式的能力。11. 答案为B。考查学生根据上下文语境，准确选用副词及意义的能力。12. 答案为D。考查学生根据上下文语境正确把握动词意义的能力。13. 答案为A。考查学生在上下文语境中把握好形容词的语用及搭配能力。14. 答案为C。考查学生根据上下文语境(复现)把握名词意义的能力。15. 答案为D。考查学生根据上下文语境正确使用名词(复现)的能力。完形填空七大实用解题技巧(一)完形填空通常首句不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。英语中首句通常是文章的主题句，把握了主旨句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。. 技巧一：首句信息例1、(201*广东卷)It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The _1_ is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by _2_ situation that has designed for the _3_ children.1. A. principle B. theoryC. argument D. classification2. A. designing B. groupingC. learning D. living3. A. smart B. curiousC. mature D. average例2：(2020北京卷)I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didnt like attention drawn to myself. And _36_ otherwise assigned(指定)a seat by the teacher, I always _37_ to sit at the back of the classroom.36. A. as B. untilC. unless D. though37. A. hoped B. agreedC. meant D. chose完形填空主要考查学生对语境的理解。所以学生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处通常前后多有暗示。这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。一般来说，完形填空的4个选项形式完全相同，如都是动词原形、副词、名词复数形式等。所以要注意他们之间在意义上和搭配上的细微差异，形义兼顾。同时，一定要把这些选项放到特定的语境里进行区分、判断，从而选出正确答案。. 技巧二：暗示信息例1：(2020广东卷)It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classesI observed a number of _6_ children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a _7_ class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgement, In regular class, having no worry about keeping up6. A. intelligent B. competent C. ordinary D. independent7. A. separate B. regular C. new D. boring例2：(2020湖北卷)In her second grade, Maja _31_ her cousin, Jasmina. After Jasminas death, Maja swore31. A. lost B. visited C. rescued D. left语篇一般指比句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语被称为“语篇标志”。如表示结构层次的语篇标志语有：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等；表示逻辑关系的语篇标志语有thus, therefore, so等；表示改变话题的语篇标志语有by the way等；表示递进关系的语篇标志语有besides, whats more, further等；表示时间关系的语篇标志语有before, so far, yet, meanwhile, later等；表示转折关系的有but, while, on the other hand, although等。. 技巧三：逻辑关系在做完形填空时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。. 技巧三：逻辑关系例1：(2020湖北卷)but because it didnt fit well, walking for Maja was painful. _40_， she managed to graduate from a local high school.40. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Besides D. However例2：(2020陕西卷)He was still travelling quickly, but his wagons, _43_ the gold and valuables they had been carrying, were now full of farming tools and bags of _45_. He was rushing back to help them out of poverty.43. A. except B. instead of C. apart from D. along with45. A. food B. jewels C. money D. seeds完形填空试题中，某一词语常常重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义是使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。在阅读文章过程中，有时也会发现一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词或近义词。因此要学会充分利用这些词提供的有效信息合理地推测判断，选出正确答案。. 技巧四：原词复现(2020江苏卷)_39_ as high as he could, but even at his tallest _40_ he was unable to touch it. at the top of each jump stretching his arms to 39. A. expanding B. stretching C. swinging D. pulling40. A. strength B. length C. range D. height阅读理解。In business, there is a speed difference: Its the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy（策略）and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size .Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, Whats more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period.How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ).Simply increasing the speed of production, for example ,may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference .But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didnt develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.Strateg