陕西省华阴市2020高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选编（6）

陕西华阴市2020高考英语阅读理解二轮选编（6）说理议论（阅读理解）Wilderness“In wilderness (荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism.The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out,there is a strong appeal in images of the wild,the untouched; more than anything else,they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly.The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong,and the danger exploitation (开发) brings to such landscapes (景观) is real.Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans needthe rainforests,for example,store carbon in vast quantities.To Mr.Sauven,these“ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.Lee Lane,a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute,takes the opposing view.He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services,such as water conservation.But that is not,he argues,a reason to avoid all human presence,or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.There are ever more people on the Earth,and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives,rather than merely struggle for survival.While the ways of using resources have improved,there is still a growing need for raw materials,and some wildernesses contain them in abundance.If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide,the argument goes,there is no further reason not to do so.Being untouched is not,in itself,a characteristic worth valuing above all others.I look forward to seeing these views taken further,and to their being challenged by the other participants.One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly.And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings,but also the guidance of reason.What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.1.John Sauven holds that.A.many people value nature too muchB.exploitation of wildernesses is harmfulC.wildernesses provide humans with necessitiesD.the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong2.What is the main idea of Para.3?()A.The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.B.Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.C.Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.D.All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.3.What is the authors attitude towards this debate?()A.Objective.B.Disapproving.C.Sceptical.D.Optimistic.4.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?()CP: Central PointP: PointSp: Sub-point (次要点)C: Conclusion语篇解读:本文为议论文,题材为节能环保类。荒野是否应该被开发是很多人关心的问题,有人赞同有人反对,无论是站在哪一方都需要我们认真地思考。答案及剖析:1.B事实细节题。根据文章第二段的内容可知选择B项。2.C主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services.But that is not,he argues,a reason to avoid all human presence,or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.”可知本题选择C项。3.A推理判断题。作者在文章的第四段阐述了自己对这一问题的看法,第一句提到“I look forward to seeing these views taken further.”,由此可知作者没有偏向任何一个观点,只是客观阐述问题,因此选择A项objective客观的。disapproving不赞同的;sceptical怀疑的;optimistic乐观的。4.D推理判断题。文章的第一段提出了整篇文章的关键词wilderness,第二段阐述了John Sauven的观点,第三段阐述了Lee Lane的相反观点,第四段作者提出自己的看法,第五段为总结段落,因此选择D项。【长难句解析】The frequency主语 with which it is borrowed定语从句 mirrors谓语 a heated定语 debate宾语 on environmental protection.定语(这个名句)频繁被引用的现象折射出一个有关于环境保护的激烈讨论本句虽不长,但是很多考生未必能理解此句的意思。此句的主语为the frequency with which it is borrowed,其中还包含一个定语从句,先行词为the frequency,先行词放入定语从句中为it is borrowed with the frequency,定语从句中的it指代的是前面引用的一个作家的一句话。【2020高考英语吉林省实验中学一模试题】In todays fast paced, high stress world people are working longer hours than ever, and often exhaust themselves at days end in front of the television to relax enough to begin again in the morningHowever, television watching, for most people, does not really lower stressStudies show that TV viewing more than an hour or so actually creates stress and, especially in women, may lead to the bluesMost individuals are unaware that doing some exercise after work makes them more energetic since it increases energy levelsWise use of free time does not mean getting an advanced degree, although the mental encouragement gained through education is unbeatable in keeping your mind activeLearning new things nearly always adds a spark to your daily life, especially if it is a favorite topic, such as sport, fashion, or artAlso, look through your bookstore or library to find books on your interestsTry to replace a half hour TV watching with readingIt is reported that in the United States recently, many individuals have as few as two good friendsLong work hours and car commute act to separate people from each otherThis separation is deadlyFind ways to meet people at the end of the day and on weekendsOften this can be best done by combining activities, such as by joining a walking group to get both exercise and companionshipTaking a class will lift your spirits and allow you to meet others with similar interestsHobbies are great for reducing stress and provide another opportunity for social interactionUsing your free time to aid your health may include these elements and many more, such as going to concerts and spending time with familyOverall, the key is to spend less free time being passiveThe best ways to use free time are to be mentally and physically active, spend some time outdoors, and interact with other people on a regular basis68. What can we learn from the passage?AWatching television may cause women to feel depressedBFinding interests and hobbies in common means taking a classCGoing to concerts is the best way to make you mentally activeDGetting an advanced degree in education always lights up your life69. What does the underlined word commute in Paragraph 3 probably mean?AThe arrangement to work every day BThe journey to work every dayCThe communication between people DThe separation between people70. Which would be the best title for the passage?ALive a Happy and Healthy Life BRelax Yourself in Various WaysCSpend Your Free Time Wisely DInteract With Others Outdoors【参考答案】【参考答案】68-70：ABC阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。【黑龙江哈尔滨第六中学四模】Most parents possess consciousness of security(安全意识) but Australian wrens(鹪鹩) take it to another level. They have no choice: mother wrens often have their nests hijacked by cuckoos(布谷鸟).Cuckoo eggs look like wren eggs but hatch(孵化) earlier, at which point cuckoo chicks eject (驱逐)wren eggs. Unless the mother wren realizes an intruder(侵入者) is in the nest, she raises the cuckoo chick as her own, wasting time and food. But the cuckoo only gets away with it in 60% of the cases. In the other 40% of the cases, the mother wren detects the cuckoo within days, abandons it, and starts another nest. Thats because the mother wren teaches her chicks a password while they are still inside their eggs. Once they are hatched, the mother wren abandons the nest if they cant give the password.Sonia Kleindorfer of Flinders University in Adelaide, Australia and his colleagues recorded the sounds made by birds near the wrens nests. Mother wrens made a particular call made up of 11 elements while incubating(孵化)the eggs, and then stopped when they hatched. One of the 11 elements was a note of a particular length and tone that was unique to wrens.【参考答案】67、CBDA 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。【2020届广东省六校第二次联考】-AMark and his brother Jason both were looking at the shining new computer enviously. Jason was determined not to go against their fathers wishes but Mark was more adventurous than his brother. He loves experimenting and his aim was to become a scientist like his father.“Dad will be really mad if he finds out youve been playing with his new computer” Jason said, “He told us not to touch it.”“He wont find out,” Mark said, “Ill just have a quick look and shut it down.”Mark had been scolded before for touching his fathers equipment. But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.It was a strange-looking machine one his dad had brought home from the laboratory where he worked. “Its an experimental model,” his father had explained, so dont touch it under any circumstances.” But his fathers warning only served to make Mark more curious. Without any further thought, Mark turned on the power switch. The computer burst into life and seconds later, the screen turned into colours, shifting and changing, and then two big white words appeared in the centre of the screen: “SPACE TRANSPORTER.”“Yes!” Mark cried excitedly, “Its a computer game. I knew it! Dads only been pretending to work. Hes really been playing games instead!” A new message appeared on the screen:“ENTER NAMESVOYAGEVOYAGEMarks finger flew across the keyboard as he typed in both of their names.“INPUT ACCEPTED.START TRANSPORT PROGRAM.AUTO-RETRIEVE INITIATED(自动回收程序已启动).”The screen turn even brighter and a noise suddenly rose in volume.“I think wed better shut it off, Mark,” Jason yelled out in terror, reaching for the power switch. A beam(光束) of dazzling white light burst out of the computer screen, wrapping the boys in its glow(光芒)，until they themselves seemed to be glowing. Then it died down just as suddenly as it had burst into life. And the boys were no longer there. On the screen, the letters changed：“TRANSPORT SUCCESSFULDESTINATION: MARS.RETRIEVE DATE: 202526. Why did Mark touch the computer against his fathers warning?A. He wanted to take a voyage.B. He wanted to practice his skills.C. He was so much attracted by it.D. He was eager to do an experiment.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。由“But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.”这一句“Mark的好奇心难以控制而且这部新电脑真的使他很困惑。”可知Ma