2020高考英语考前冲刺Ⅲ专题13 完形填空

2020考前冲刺英语专题13 完形填空 【高考预测】完形填空题作为近年来考高中一直保留的题型，主要是考查学生对英语知识技能的一种全面把握能力。作为一种传统题型，它能比较全面准确地反映出考生的真实英语水平。就题目本身而言，文章取材广泛，难度适中，长短适度，一般三四百单词左右，题目设置二十个，涉及基本语法项目，综合性强。在做完形填空题时，一般来说先要了解试题的命题导向，具备一定的语言综合能力，做题时应整体把握全文信息，抓住文章大意，然后紧扣中心，运用所学知识，细心推测，辨析词义，仔细答题。一、高考试题命题导向分析1.试题命题总体原则高考完形填空题一般取材于英文杂志报刊等，文章一般也是由以英语为母语的人士撰写，因此，文章通俗、地道。就题目设置而言，为了使考生在理解文章时得到一定启示，命题时一般不在文章开头就设空，这样有利于考生更好地抓住全文大意。文章主体部分逻辑性强，结构严谨，主题明确，中心突出，一般以记叙文为主，说明文、议论文为辅，其测试目标并不是以语言知识为主要目标，而是以对文意的理解为主要目标。2.试题内容分析A.就整个语段而言，近年来完形填空题多以围绕某一主题为中心，根据文章情景和意义进行推理判断。它要求考生根据文章的主题，情节和内在的逻辑关系来选择最佳答案。有时单就某句话而言，四个选项都是正确的，但如果从整体上看，却只有一个答案是最佳的，从而避免了只看答案，甚至不看全文内容就可选出答案的语法式选择。现在的试题有时是将语言知识与情节推理相结合，语言知识与逻辑推理相结合的。B.就所考题目本身而言，所考题目基本上是以实词为主，虚词为辅。考得较多的是名词、动词、形容词和副词等。此外，还夹杂一些词组(短语)，要求学生结合文章具体的情节，作出合理的选择。二、完形填空题的解题技巧在高考做完形填空试题时，一定切忌匆忙下手，要首先从整体上把握全文含义，重视完整句的启示作用，弄清各分句，各段落之间的内在逻辑关系，仔细分析，弄清出题人的意图，注意文中所表达的心理活动，言语的表达形式，作者的态度及文章的主旨。一般来说，可以从以下几个方面人手:1.通篇考查，抓住大意做完形填空切忌拿来就做，必须先通览全文，对文章的大意进行整体把握，然后再化整为零，逐题选择。这才是正确的战略战术。 通览全文还须有科学的方法，应从提示句、完整句、关键句着手，充分利用已有信息来捕捉、扩展有效信息，注意细小情节和主要情节的发展，注意人物的心理活动等。在这一步中将难词、难结构、难句做上记号，留到下一步去解决。2.“网”上邻居，注意逻辑在通读全文并对全文形成大致初步印象的基础上，围绕文章主题积极开展思维，寻找突破口。一般说来，完形填空题中有一些题比较容易选出正确答案，但有些题必须从左邻右舍，上下文中的逻辑联系中去寻求正确答案，这就要求做题者必须联系上下文来仔细考虑。一旦容易的题目得以解决，便可借助它们提供的信息进一步乘势扩大战果，歼灭较难的题目。3.紧扣中心，小心推理每篇完形填空都有部分空格难以选择答案。除了语言知识等因素的障碍外，主要原因还是考生对文意不大清楚之故。高考完形填空一般来说是有情节的。有些题目就是依托情节的发展逻辑，根据语法知识对整个题目进行一次全方位的检索，重点检查与文章中心不符的问题，对答案进行确认。简言之，做好完形填空题并非一朝一夕之事，平时必须练好扎实的语言基本功，下力气培养语感，增加、扩充文化背景知识，要多操练。只有在了解上述解题的思路的基础上进行技巧性操练才能达到熟能生巧，才能在考试中稳操胜券。下面是典型例题部分省市完形填空试题及试题分析:I. (2020精选模拟)In the summer vacation of 1997 ,I was fixed with a job. I worked as a(n) 1 at Mr. Breens fruit shop. The fruit shop did 2 business. Most of the trade came from the housewives who lived in the neighbourhood, 3 he also had regular customers who arrived outside the shop in ears. Mr. Breen 4 them all by name and they sometimes even had their order already made up,always 5 me to carry it out to their car. They were clearly long-standing customers,and I 6 they must have stayed faithful to him 7 he had promised to sell good quality 8 . He had a way with themI had to 9 that. He called every woman“ madam” for a start, 10 those who clearly were not,but when he _11 it,it did not sound like flattery(奉承). It just sounded 12 in an old-fashioned way. He was a great chatter 13 . If he did not know them, he would greet them with a few 14 about the weather. 15 he did ,he would ask about their families or make 16 ,always cutting his cloth 17 his customers. Whatever their bills came to, be 18_gave them back the few odd pence(零钱) ,and t am sure they thought he was very generous (慷慨). But I thought he was the opposite. He never 19 anything away. He was always looking for 20 for nothing.1. A. operator B. assistantC. waiter D. secretary2. A. good B. poor C. big D. usual3. A. so B. when C. therefore D. but4. A. sold B. knew C. gave D. sent5. A. making B. letting C. getting D. keeping6. A. wish B. insist C. declare D. suppose7. A. when B. if C. because D. though8. A. food B. fruit C. vegetables D. drink9. A. admit B. expect C. announce D. promise10. A. get B. only C. just D. even11. A. told B. said C. spoke D. talked12. A. serious B. strange C. polite D. familiar13. A. as well B. as usual C. either D. also14. A. sayings B. questions C. words D. speeches15. A. and then B. and so C. even if D. but if16. A. preparations B. jokes C. repairs D. friends17. A. according to B. due toC. instead of D. up to18. A. never B. ever C. seldom D. always19. A. took B. moved C. threw D. turned20. A. something B. anythingC. somebody D. anybody试题分析1.B 解析:从下文可知，我在这家水果店里当助手。 waiter是“服务员”，一般用于酒店旅社等场所。operator是“操作者”，secretary是“秘书”，更不合语境。2.A 解析:从文意看，该水果店生意不错。3.D 解析:but此处表并列关系，但有转折含义，意思是 “水果店顾客大多数是家庭主妇，还有一些固定客源”。4.B 解析:从语境看，该店老板“知道”每个顾客的 名字。5.C 解析:make，let 和keep后一般均不能接不定式符号to，get sb to do sth意为“让某一个闲谈者”。14.C 解析:用“语言”闲谈，应该用words，如“have a word with sb”，意思是“和某人讲话”，“have words with.(2020精选模拟)Dear Laura, I just heard you tell an old story of gift giving and un- selfish love in your program. You doubted that such unselfish love would happen in todays world. Well, Im here to give you 1 .I wanted to do something very 2 for my fifteen year - old son,who has always been the perfect child. He 3 all summer to earn enough money to but a used motorcycle. Then,he spent hours and hours on it 4 it looked almost new. I was so 5 of him that I bought him the shiniest helmet and a riding outfit.I could 6 wait for him to open up his gift. In fact, I barely slept the night before. Upon a wakening, I went to the kitchen to 7 the coffee, tea, and morning goodies. In the living room was a beautiful keyboard with a 8 : “To my wonderful mother, all my love, your son.”I was so 9 . It had been a log - standing joke in our family that I wanted a piano so that I could 10 lessons. “Learn to play the piano,and Ill get you one”was my hus - bands 11.I stood there shocked, crying a river, asking myself how my son could 12 this expensive 1. A. hope B. advice C. support D. courage2. A. polite B. similar C. special D. private3. A. played B. studied C. traveled D. worked4. A. after B. before C. unless D. until5. A. sure B. fond C. proud D. confident6. A. perhaps B. really C. almost D. hardly7. A. start B. cook C. set D. serve8. A. note B. notice C. word D. sign9. A. disturbed B. confused C. astonished D. inspired10. A. give B. take C. draw D. teach11. A. reason B. request C. comment D. response12. A. present B. afford C. find D. order13. A. neighbor B. building C. home D. house14. A. exchanged B. experiencedC. expected D. exhibited15. A. tear B. open C. check D. receive16. A. purely B. basically C. obviously D. exactly17. A. realized B. rememberedC. imagined D. supposed18. A. only B. still C. ever D. even19. A. works B. exists C. matters D. counts20. A. send B. publish C. share D. write试题分析1.A 解析:在前一句中，作者说Laura对现实生活中无私的爱表示怀疑，从而在本句10.B 解析:take lessons意为“授课、学习”。give.alesson意思是“吸取教训，teach lessons18.C 解析:ever on that day指“就在那一天”。even意 为“即使”still意思是“仍然”，only则意为“仅仅”，均不合语境。 19.B 解析:exist意识是“存在”，综合语境可知，本句意 为“这世间真爱仍然是存在的”。20.C 解析:send指“发送”，publish指“出版”，write意 为“书写均不合语境。share意为“分享”，符合上下 文，本句意思是“我想你肯定和我一样会对这个故事 深有感触”。. (2020精选模拟)You are near the front line of a battle. Around you shells are exploding;people are shooting from a house behind you. What are you doing there? You arent a soldier. You arent 1 carrying a gun. Youre standing in front of a 2 and youre telling the TV 3 what is lucky charm(护身符) with him. It was given to him by his wife for his first war. Its a card which says “Take care of yourself.” Does he ever think about dying? “Oh, 18 , and every time it happens you look to the sky and say to God, If you get me out of this, I 19 Ill never do it again. You can almost hear God 20 ,because you know he doesnt believe you.?”1. A. simply B. really C. merely D. even2. A. crowd B. house C. battlefield D. camera3. A. producers B. viewers C. directors D. actors4. A. dangerous B. excitingC. normal D. disappointing5. A. stay B. fight C. war D. life6. A. injured B. buried C. defeated D. saved7. A. bring B. show C. take D. make8. A. scenes B. passages C. stories D. contents9. A. belief B. dream C. duty D. faith10. A. why B. what C. how D. where11. A. even so B. ever sinceC. as if D. even if12. A. fear B. surprise C. shame D. sadness13. A. into B. around C. past D. through14. A. returns B. goes C. continues D. occurs15. A. there B. away C. out D. home16. A. leave B. escape C. die D. remain17. A. hangs B. wears C. holds D. carries18. A. never B. many times C. some time D. seldom19. A. consider B. accept C. promise D. guess20. A. whispering B. laughing C. screaming D. crying试题分析1.本题选D 解析:simply意为“简单地，仅仅”，really意 为“真正地”，merely意思是“仅者除发送照片或图片外， 还向本国电视传媒讲述战地新闻及故事，因此 选stories。9. 本题选B 解析:成为驻外记者是每个记者的“梦想”。10.本题选D 解析:此句中where用来引导表语从句，意思是“那就是每个记者的兴奋之处”。11.本题选D 解析:even if 意思是“即使”，即“当机会来临时，即使是战争，你也会去的”。12.本题选A 解析:从下文看，在战场上当记者，总有“恐惧”的时刻。13.本题选C 解析:into指“进入”，around指“在周围”，past指“经过，越过”，through则是“通过，穿过”。本句中提到子弹从耳边飞过，自然该用past。14.本题选B 解析:goes在本句中指“消失，消散”，即这种感觉一会儿就过去了。15.本题选A 解析:be away指“离开”，be out指“在外面”，be home则表达有误。be there意为“在那儿”。16.本题选C 解析:综合上下文可知，本句意为“我们没有任何人相信我们会死的”，因此用die。17.本题选D 解析:carry指“带在一起”，本句意为“在出征途中把护身符带在一起”。18.本题选B 解析:many times意为“多次”，C项与everytime重复，A、D两项为否定，不合语境。19.本题选C 解析:即“我许诺我不再当记者了”。20.本题选B 解析:综合上文可知，当作者处于危险时总是讫求上天保佑，可上帝都持乐观态度，相信你是安全的。故用laughing。V. (2020精选模拟)It was the night before the composition was due. As I looked at the list of topics (题Fleagle returned the 15 papers. He said, “Now, class, I want to read you a composition The Art of Eating Spaghetti.”My words! He was reading my words out 16 to the whole class. 17 laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show 18 ,but what I was feeling was pure happiness, 19 my words had the power to make people 20 .1. A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience2. A. when B. where C. since D. after3. A. cooked B. served C. got D. made4. A. their B. past C. last D. those5. A. none B. one C. earns D. neither6. A. careful about B. good atC. fond of D. interested in7. A. speeches B. lessonsC. sayings D. arguments8. A. nearly B. naturally C. officially D. socially9. A. Especially B. ProbablyC. Suddenly D. Fortunately10. A. settle B. put C. bite D. let11. A. work B. story C. luck D. joy12. A. However B. ThereforeC. As for him D. Except for that13. A. time B. excuse C. way D. idea14. A. give up B. continue C. hand in D. delay15. A. written B. graded C. collected D. calmly16. A. laid B. fast C. publicly D. calmly17. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I18. A. shock B. wonder C. worry D. pleasure19. A. if B. for C. while D. although20. A. excited B. satisfied C. think D. laugh试题分析1.A 解析:本题要根据特定语境确认短文讨论的话题中心并根据语句结构找出相应的文，这里要表示“大人中没有一个人有曾经吃过这种意大利面食的经历”，所以B选项为正确选项，不是热衷于，也不是感兴趣，因此其他选项可以被排除。7.D 解析:本题要根据特定语境选择恰当的名词。根据此时的语境，这里要表达“我们笑着争论这种面条的吃法”，所以D选项为正确选项。8.D 解析:本题要根据特定语境选择恰当的副词。该处想表示“大家普遍采用吃法”，表示社会认同的方法，而不是官方认同，所以正确选项为D。9.C 解析:本题要根据特定语境判断选择恰当的副词选项。该处要表示“此时，我突然想把这件事写下来”， 所以正确答案为C。10.B 解析:本题要根据特定语境选择恰当的动词选项。 put it down在这里表示“写；记下”，同上文的“write about it”。正确答案为B。11.D 解析:本题要根据特定语境选择恰当的名词选项。根据上下文，作者要表达“我想自己享受这份快乐” (for my own joy)，而不是故事，所以选择D为最佳选项。12.C 解析:本题要根据行文逻辑选择恰当的关联用语。这里表示“至于某人”，所以C为正确答案。13.A 解析:本题测试根据特定语境对句式结构的掌握能力。前面说到“when I finished it 不要喜形于色”，所以 选择D为正确选项。19.B 解析:本题要根据语境来选择恰当的关联词语。上文中“我十分快乐”是因为我的作文可以给别人带来快乐。故B为正确选项。20.D 解析:本题要根据行文逻辑来选择固定的动词短语搭配。从上文可看出，这里要表示“让人们快乐”， 因此用laugh。. (典型例题苏)We may look at the world around us, but somehow we manage not to see it until what ever weve become used to suddenly disappears. 1 , for example, the neatly-dressed woman I 2 to seeor look aton my way to work each morning.For three years, no matter 3 the weather was like, she was always waiting at the bus stop around 8:00 a. m. On 4 days, she were heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves. Summertime 5 out neat, belted cotton dresses and a had pulled low over her sunglasses. 6 , she was an ordinary working woman. Of course,I 7 all this only after she was seen no more. It was then that I realized how 8 I expected to see her each morning. You might say I 9 her.“Did she have an accident? Something 10 ?”I thought to myself about her 11 . Now that she was gone, I felt I had 12 her. I began to realize that part of our 13 life probably includes such chance meetings with familiar 14 :the milkman you see at dawn, the woman who 15 walks her dog along the street every morning,the twin brothes you see at the library. Such people are 16 markers in our lives. They add weight to our 17 of place and belonging.Think about it. 18 ,while walking to work, we mark where we are by 19 a certain building,why should we not mark where we are when we pass a familiar,though 20 , person?1. A. Make B. Take C. Give D. Have2. A. happened B. wanted C. used D. tried3. A. what B. how C. which D. when4. A. sunny B. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy5. A. took B. brought C. carried D. turned6. A. Clearly B. Particularly C. Luckily D. Especially7. A. belived B. expressedC. remembered D. wondered8. A. long B. often C. soon D. much9. A. respected B. missed C. praised D. admired10. A. better B. worse C. more D. less11. A. disappearance B. appearanceC. misfortune D. fortune12. A. forgotten B. lost C. known D. hurt13. A. happy B. enjoyable C. frequent D. daily14. A. friends B. strangers C. tourists D. guests15. A. regularly B. actually C. hardly D. probably16. A. common B. pleasant C. important D. faithful17. A. choice B. knowledge C. decision D. sense18. A. Because B. If C. Although D. However19. A. keeping B. changing C. passing D. mentioning20. A. unnamed B. unforgettableC. unbelievable D. unreal试题分析1.B 解析:考查动词短语的固定搭配“take sthforexampie”。2.C 解析:used to see(过去经常看见)，这里的used呼应上一句中提到的become used to。3.A 解析:惯用法，如“What iswas the weather like?”对天气提问习惯用what。4.D 解析:从下句“she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves”可知最符合实际情9.B 解析:四个选项均是动词。respect尊敬；miss想念；praise赞扬；admire钦佩、羡慕。15.A 解析:四个选项均是副词。regularly有规律地；actually实际上；hardly几乎不；probably可能。由every morning可知应是A。 16.C 解析:四个选项均是形容词。common普通的、常见的；pleasant令人愉快的、舒适的；important重要的；faithfd忠实的。从下句“They add weight to our senseof place and belonging.”(他们使我们对所处的空间和所拥有的东西有更好的认识。)可知这些人是我们眼中“重要的”标志者。答案为C。17.D 解析:choice选择；knowledge知识；decision决定； sense感觉、感官。如:sense of heating听觉；sense of sight视觉等。18.B 解析:四个选项均是连词，这里作者提出一种假设，因此答案是B。19.C 解析:该句意为“当步行上街时，我们靠经过某一 建筑物来标志我们所在的位置。20.A解折；作者所列举的是几类人，故最佳选项是wnnamed.【典型习题导练】(1) The professors house, big and untidy, stood alone at one end of a huge garden. The place was totally uncared for, quite 1 and overgrown with all sorts of useless things. I 2 my way through bushes and tall weeds to the front door and rang the bell.I was glad that I had found him. In twenty minutes he 3 me right on all the 4 that had puzzled me. I was on the 5 of leaving when I looked out of his study window and said, “Youre very fond of gardening, I see.”“No,Im not,” he said. “ 6 , I love this garden, though. Its 7 I always wanted it to be. I never touch it at“It could be made lovely. It 8 a pity to let all this ground to go to waste. But perhaps you dont 9 that way?” said I.“I dont. I lived here when I was a child, and I had 10 of gardening then. It was my fathers hobby,you see. Unfortunately,he wasnt 11 enough to do it himself. My brother and I did all of it between us year after year. Therewas one right way and many wrong ways. Each blade(叶片)of grass was an enemy to be 12 by hand, not just cut off.Ive spent a good part of life at work here.”“I see. You took a dislike to it, and now youre getting evey !”“I dislike it. Then, of course,I didnt understand the 13 it had. It used to 14 me. It appeared in my dreams a mistake here, something not quite straight here, the enemy showing its head in a place I was 15 to have cleaned. The work was too much. It seemed endless. The size of the place was itself a fight to a boy.”“And now its yours,youre just letting it go to.”“16 ?”he said. “No, I dont agree with that. This garden and I are now the best friends. I like 17 it grow 18 its own way. I make no demands on it. I never disturb it,and it never disturbs me. It has 19 at last,and so have I.”“But the path is over grown. Its inconvenient for you, isnt it?.”“Thats part of my 20 ,” he laughed. “You can go out the back way. The weeds are shorter there because they dont get the sun.”1. A. wild B. crazy C. large D. nice答案: A解析:on the point of表示正要做某事。6. A. Even if B. So C. As though D. Eren So答案: D解析:根据前后对话，教授说他不喜欢园艺，但是他喜欢花园，表示转折，用“尽管如此”来连接。11. A. interested B. fitC. content D. demanding答案: B解析:前文：It ws my fathers hobby。后文：My brother and I did all of between us year after year.可以判断我父亲的身体不是很好。答案: B解析:be supposed to do sth.表示应该做某事。16. A. sell B. develop C. grow D. ruin答案: D (2)Animals perform many useful and amusing jobs. Dogs are particulary valuable in guiding the blind, 1 property, finding 2 peo