湖北省宜昌市高中英语Unit5ThemeparksPartIIIGrammar学案无答案新人教版必修4

Unit 5 Theme parksPart III Grammar一、【教学目标】1. Knowledge aims:Get students to know the use of the Word formation :Compounding; Derivation(Prefixes);& Conversion1. Ability aims:Enable students to learn the use of the Word formation.二【自主预习】Word formation构词法按照一定的语言规律创造新词的方法叫做构词法。英语构词法主要有合成法(compounding)、转换法（conversion）和派生法(derivation)三种。一、合成法(compounding)有两个或更多的词合成一个词。合成词的构成大致有以下几种情况:1.合成名词名词名词构成复合名词Weekendair conditionerblood pressurefancy dressincome taxsign languagecredit cardletter-boxX-rayspaceshipfantasylandcowboynewspapersnowstormnightfallice-creambus stopbirth-control safety beltearthquakebookcaselandslideheartbeatfeedbackflower shopclassroomfootballwatermelon形容词名词构成复合名词solar systemfast foodhuman beingcentral bankhigher educationremote controlshorthandmadmangentlemanblackboardgreen-househighwaymobile phone动词的-ing形式另一词构成复合名词frying panwashing machinedriving licenseflying-fishworking peoplehandwritingdata processingsight-seeingreading roomsun-bathingwindow-shopping用其他方式构成的复合名词get-togetheroutbreaktypewriterovercoatdaybreakpain-killerby-productpasser-byeditor-in-chiefcomrade-in-armslong-term planair-traffic controlbride-to-begood-for-nothingquick-service counterfather-in-law 2.合成形容词名词形容词构成的复合形容词snow-whitecolour-blindworld-wideseasick形容词+过去分词或带-ed结尾的词构成复合形容词absent-mindedduty-boundgrey-hairedclean-shavenlong-hairedgood-temperedblue-eyedkind-heartedopen-minded用动词的-ing形式另一词构成的复合形容词far-reachingclose-fittinglong-sufferingwell-meaningEnglish-speakinghard-workinggood-lookingeasy-goingmouth-wateringworld-shakingman-eating用其他方式构成的复合形容词five-storeyedwell-knownworn-outup-to-datesee-throughface-to-facehand-mademan-madesnow-coveredwell-informedfirst-ratesecond-handfive-year(plan)ever-greenred-hotbetter-sweet3.合成动词white-washsafe-guardhalf-understandovereatbaby-sitoverthrowsleep-walk4.合成副词howeverbeforehandforeversometimesmeanwhilealongsidesomewherewherevereverywherenearby5.合成代词1)代词宾格或物主代词self(selves)himselfherselfourselves2)某些不定代词some,any,no,everybody(one,thing)someoneanybodynobodyeverybodysomethinganythingnothingeverything二、派生法（derivation）在一个单词前或后加上一个词缀,变成一个新词,这种构词法叫派生法,词缀有前缀和后缀两种。除少数前缀外,前缀一般改变单词的意义,不改变词性;后缀一般改变此类,而不引起词义的变化。1.前缀dis- 否定disablediscouragedistrustdisagreedisappeardiscoverdislikedisadvantagein- 不,非incorrectincompleteinformalinactiveindefiniteindirectim- 不,非impossibleimpatientimmoralimperfectimproperun- 不unableunfairunlimitedunwillingunusualunsuitableunacceptableuncertainuncomfortableuncommonunequalunfitunfamiliarunfortunateunfriendlyunhappyunhealthyunkindunknownunnecessaryunpopularunrealuntrueuncoverundressuntienon-不,非non-stopnon-smokermis- 误misunderstandmisleadmisbehavere- 重,再rewritereconsiderreuserecyclerecallrebuildrenewreplayretellen- 使成为enableenrichendangerenlargemulti- 多multiculturalmultichannelmultipurposetele- 远telephonetelevisionkilo- 千kilometerkilogram2.后缀名词后缀-anAmericanAustralianItalianAfricanAsian-tion/ationcollectionliberationtranslationpronunciationcompetitionrepetitiondeterminationpreparationimaginationsatisfactionattentionrevolution-domfreedomwisdomkingdom-erfarmervillagerfighterworkerwriterthinker-orvisitoractoreditor-eseChineseJapanese-esswaitresshostessactressprincessgoddess -fulhandfularmfulmouthful-ianmusicianAsianmathematicianphysiciantechnician-ingfeelingshippingbuilding-ismmaterialismsocialismcommunism-istpianistsocialistartistspecialist-mentamusemententertainmentequipmentexcitementagreementmovementdevelopmentjudgementencouragement-nesshappinessillnessselfishnesskindnesscarefulnessbusiness-shipfriendshipmembershiprelationshipcitizenshiphardship-thtruthwarmthwidthgrowthdepthlengthdeath形容词后缀-ableacceptableeatablesuitableunforgettablefavourableagreeableimaginablechargeableprofitablemoveablechangeablecountablesurvivableavoidable-alnationalnatural-anRussianAmericanAfrican-engoldenwoodenwoolen-ernnortherneasternsouthernwestern-eseChineseJapanese-fulhopefulforgetfulcarefulbeautifulpowerfuluseful-ishchildishfoolishselfish-ivecreativeeffectiveactiveprotectivecollective-lesshomelessharmlessfearlesscarelessuselesshopelessmeaningless-ythirstystormyrainynoisywindycloudy-wardbackwardeastwarddownward动词后缀-fy/-ifybeautifysimplifyclassify-enwidenshortenlengthendeepenstrengthenheighthen-ize/-iseapologize/-iserealize/-isemodernize/-ise副词后缀-lybadlyhappilyfriendly-ward(s)backward(s)eastward(s)downward(s)forward(s)upward(s)数词后缀-teenfourteenfifteen-tysixtyninetycertainty三、转化法（Conversion）英语中,有的名词可以作动词,有的形容词可作副词或动词,这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫转化法。1.动词转化为名词很多动词可以转化为名词,大多意思没有多大的变化;有时意思有一定变化;有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语,表示一个动作。如:Lets go out for a walk.He is a man of strong build.Lets have a swim.Theme parks charge(v.) money for admission.Theme parks expect to make a profit by the charges(n.) for admission.2.名词转化为动词很多表示物件、身体部位、某类人的名词可以用作动词来表示动作,某些抽象名词也可以作动词。如:Did you book a seat on the plane?Please hand me the dictionary.She nursed her husband back to health.We lunched together yesterday.3.形容词转化为动词有少数形容词可以转化为动词。如:We will try our best to better our living conditions.She cleans her room every day.4.副词转化为动词有少数形容词可以转化为动词。如:Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终将败露。 The army downed a plane.三【合作探究】l Do the following exercises:1. I was very much impressed by the _of the local population.A. friendliness B. friendship C. friendly D. friend2.Cheer up! Dont be _by one failure.A. courageous B.encouraged C. discouraged D. discouraging3.We must fertilize the soil to make it more_.A. production B. productive C. products D. productively4.Theres a special_between parents and childr