必修四 unit 3 Grammar---ing形式

Grammar:Lookattheexamplesbelow,payingattentiontotheunderlinedparts.,1.Walkingisgoodforyourhealth.2.Suchtrainingwascommoninactingfamiliesatthistime.3.Hissubtleactingmadeeverythingentertaining.4.Whatissointerestingaboutthem?5.awalkingstick6.hischarmingcharacter,Whataretheyincommon?Talkabouttheusageof-ing.,一、-ing形式作定语1.单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：buildingmaterials=materialsforbuilding建筑材料,-ing形式作定语,宾语补足语和表语的用法,drinkingwater=waterfordrinking饮用水awalkingstick=astickforwalking手杖areadingroom=aroomforreading阅览室awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台,ExplainthefollowingphrasesinsimpleEnglish.,Abagforsleeping,Aboythatissleeping,Acupfordrinking,Ahorsethatisdrinking,Ahallfordancing,Agirlthatisdancing,Apotforcooking,Astorythatismoving,Amachineforwashing,Asoundthatisterrifying,Atableforoperating,Aleaderwhoisinspiring,2.-ing形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后,并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：eg1.ThemanstandingthereisPetersfather.=ThemanwhoisstandingthereisPetersfather.站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。,eg2.Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。,3.-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。,二、-ing形式作宾语补足语1.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一种状态。如：Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.当我们回到学校时,发现一个陌生人站在大门口。,Wefoundthesnakeeatingtheeggs.我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。Ifoundabaglyingontheground.我发现地板上放着一个包。Thebosskepttheworkersworkingthewholenight.那老板让工人整夜地工作。,2.能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词，常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。如：Wesawhersingingintheclassroom.Ifeltsomebodypattingmeontheshoulder.,Canyousmellanythingburning?Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylookingathimcuriously.Listentothebirdssinging.Ididntnoticehimwaiting.2)表示指使意义的动词，译为“使、让”常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。如：,Iwonthaveyoudoingthat.Thissetmethinking.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Icantgettheclockgoingagain.Youwontcatchmedoingthatagain.,3.see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：Wepassedbytheclassroomandsawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。,前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如:,Wesatanhourandwatchedtheteachermaketheexperiment.我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作，而-ing形式则表示反复动作。如：Weheardthedoorslam（砰）.Weheardthedoorslamming.,(反复动作),(一次动作),三、-ing形式作表语-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，说明主语特征、性质或所处的状态；对主语内容的解释说明。常见系动词有be,become,get,look,seem,appear,sound,feel,keep等如：Herhobbyispainting.她的业余爱好是画画。Myjobislookingafterthechildren.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。Itsoundsinteresting.,Exercise:Choosethesuitablewordsfromtheboxbelowandfillintheblanksinthecorrectform.,1.IcantimagineBilly_amotorbike.,riding,2.Didyouhearthedogdownstairs_formostofthenight?3.Frankisverygoodattellingfunnyjokes.Hecanbevery_.4.Youcantstopme_whatIwant.5.Hegavemea_hugwhenhemetmeattheairport.,barking,amusing,doing,welcoming,6.Jimhasreallylearntveryfast.Shehasmade_progress.7.Itsbeenrainingallday.Thisweatheris_.8.WhenIcameoutofthetheatre,Inoticedagroupofchildren_musicalinstrumentsacrossthestreet.,astonishing,depressing,playing,Homework,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空1.Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf_(stand)inonecorner.,2