中考英语 宾语从句考点梳理练习题（无答案）

宾语从句考点梳理 一、考查宾语从句的引导词宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类：1. 若由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句，其引导词由that引导；不过that只起引导作用，无具体意义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.他说他想呆在家里。 I am sure (that) he will succeed.我相信他会成功。2. 当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时，其引导词由if或whether引导，意为“是否”，表示选择。如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.我想知道他是否住那儿。He asked me whether (if) I could help him.他问我是否可帮帮他。注意：在引导宾语从句时，if和whether一般可换用，但在下列几种情况下只用whether，不用if。 当or not紧随引导词之后时。如： We didnt know whether or not she was ready.我们不知道她是否已经做好准备。 当从句用作介词宾语时。如： I am interested in whether he joined the army.我对他是否入伍很感兴趣。 当宾语从句移至句首表强调时。如： Whether this is true or not, Im not sure.这是否真实，我不敢肯定。（另外，if可引导条件状语从句，译为“如果”，whether则不可。）(4)当与 to do sth. 连用时只能用whether.We didnt decide whether to go to Beijing.3. 当宾语从句由特殊疑问句变来时，则特殊疑问词便是引导词（如who /whose /what / which; when/where/why/how等），它们均充当一定成分，一般不可省略。如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?你知道他们在等谁？Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?你能告诉我三路车站在哪儿？I dont know why the train is late.我不知道火车为什么晚点了？注意：引导词的选择应依据句子成分及具体语境。二、考查宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，也无论主从句之间是什么引导词，宾语从句一律用陈述句语序即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”结构。如：I think (that) you will like this school soon.我认为你不久就会喜欢这所学校。Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?你能告诉我怎样才能到达动物园好吗？Please tell me when well have the meeting.请告诉我什么时候开会。怎样变疑问语序为陈述语序：1. 含有单独的助动词：do, did, does 的句子，去掉这些助动词，谓语动词用成相应形式。1). Does he like ice cream? -He likes ice cream.2). What did he watch yesterday? What he watched yesterday.2. 含有其余助动词（包括dont , doesnt, didnt）则将助动词放在主语之后即可。 1). Why didnt you go to school yesterday? - Why you didnt go to school yesterday . 2). When will you go shopping? -When you will go shopping.三、考查宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句是祈使句或为一般现在时、将来时或现在完成时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：Please tell us where he is.请告诉我们他在哪儿。Do you know how Kate came here?你知道凯特怎么来这儿的吗？Tell me at what time the ship is leaving.告诉我船什么时候出发？2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时和过去完成时）。一般现在时 - 一般过去时现在进行时 - 过去进行时现在完成时 - 过去完成时一般将来时 - 过去将来时如：He asked what time it was.他问什么时候了。He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.他告诉我他正在为运动会作准备。She asked if you had written to Peter.她问你是否给皮特写过信。He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.他说他不久就返回美国。3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象、名言、警句等，则不管主句是何种时态，从句常用一般现在时。如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.我们老师说January是一年中的第一个月。Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.科学家已证实地球绕着太阳转。4.注意：以could/would等开头的句子，要看成一般现在时(是一种委婉说法)，不可看成一般过去时。如： Could you tell me? How can I get to the post office? (合并成宾语从句)Could you tell me how I can get to the post office? (其中can不可改为could)(当直接引语变间接引语时，人称的变化规律：一主二宾三不变)四、考查宾语从句的简化 宾语从句在一定条件下可以简化为不定式、“疑问词+不定式”结构或复合宾语结构。具体如下： 1. 当主句谓语动词是hope/agree/choose/wish/decide等，其后跟带that的宾语从句，若主从句主语相同时，从句可以简化为动词不定式结构。如： He decided that he would visit our school. (改为简单句) He decided to visit our school. 2. 当主句谓语动词为see/watch/hear/ find等，也就是从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语不一致时，宾语从句可简化为“宾语+宾语补足语”结构。其中宾语由that从句的主语转化而来，宾补多为不带to的不定式或V-ing短语。如： I heard that some children sang some songs. (改为简单句) I heard some children sing some songs. 3. 当主句谓语动词是know/learn/forget/remember/tell等时，其后带有疑问词引导的宾语从句，则该从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构，此时主从句主语也须一致。如： I dont know what I should do next. (改为简单句) I dont know what to do next. 4. 当主句谓语动词为ask/ tell/ show/ teach等时，后接双宾语；若从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句也可以简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the park? (改为简单句)Can you tell me how to get to the park?五、考查宾语从句与状语从句的辨析英语中连词if, when具有双重功能，既能引导宾语从句，又能引导状语从句。当if引导宾语从句（意为“是否”）时，根据时态呼应原则，宾语从句可选用将来时；但当if引导条件状语从句（意为“如果”）时，习惯要用一般现在时表达将来意义。另外，连词when具有类似用法。试比较：If you ask him, he will help you. (状语从句)如果你向他请求，他会帮助你。My wife wants to know if Mary needs any help.(宾语从句)我妻子想知道玛丽是否需要帮忙。注意：当宾语从句表示否定意义时，如果主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, guess, suppose等词时，通常将否定转移至主句的谓语动词之前,即“否定前移”。I dont believe he will come.我相信他不会来了。中考宾语从句考点仿真练习按要求变换下列各题，每空一词。1. Toms father saw that he was sitting on some eggs. (改为简单句) Toms father saw _ _ on some eggs.2. He agreed that he could help me with my English. (改为简单句)He agreed _ _ me with my English.3. The old lady found out where she could buy fruit cheaply. (改为简单句) The old lady found out _ _ _ fruit cheaply.4. He wont come tonight. I think. (改为复合句) I_ _ (that) he _ _ tonight.5. Does Jenny like dancing? Can you tell me? (改为复合句) Can you tell me _ Jenny _ dancing?6. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. (改为复合句) Please tell me _ _ _ _.7. We found that he was a clever boy. (改为同义句) We found _ _ .8. Alice didnt know how she could draw horses well. (改为同义句) Alice didnt know how _ _ horses well.9. If you ask him, he_(help) you.10. My wife wants to know if Mary _(need) any help.宾语从句专项练习一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me _ the children _ _ games.6Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.7How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture?8Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her car?9What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.10Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know.I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly. 11. Does he still live in that street? I dont know.I dont know _ he still _ in that street. 12. Whats his name? I asked him. I asked him what _ _ _.13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tell me _ _ _ _.14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _ they _ fried chicken.15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know. I dont know _ the watch _ made in Shanghai.二、选择填空。( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said _.A. if you are free the next week B. what color was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring( ) 2. Tom asked my friend _.A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry( ) 3. Let me tell you _.A. how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car( ) 4. Peter knew _.A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris( )5. Could you tell me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in( )6. I cant understand _the boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left( )7. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen( )8.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got( )9. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter wasC. what the matter is D. whats the matter( )10. He asked his father _. A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen( )11. No one tells us_, so we need your help. A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it( )12. Could you please teach me _ the computer. A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking( )13.They dont know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which( )14. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? Sorry, Ive no idea. A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought( ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years. A. how, anotherB. what, moreC. how ,otherD. what, another( )16. Could you tell me _? Yes. He _ to the USA. A. where is he/ has been B. where he is/ has gone C. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gone( )17. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _, well visit the museum instead. A. you have/ will rain B. you will have/ will rain C. you will have/ rains D. will you have/ rains( )18. I really dont know if she _ it when she _. A. finds/ arrives B. finds/ will arrive C. will find/ will arrive D. will find/ arrives( )19.Miss Liu said _ she would leave the message on the headmasters desk. A. that B. where C. which D. what( )20. He asked me _. A. who will kick the first goal in the World CupB. when was the APEC meeting heldC. when China became a member of the WTOD. where the 2020 Olympics will be held( )21. In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if( )22. You must remember _.A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher sayC. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher said( )23. I dont know _ . A. which room I can live B. which room can I liveC. which room I can live in D. which room can I live in ( )24.Do you know when he _ back ? Sorry , I dont . When he _back , Ill tell you . A. comes ; comes B. comes ; will comeC. will come ; comes D. will come ; will come( )25 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take ( )26 Mary said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been( )27 The students want to know whether they_ a PE class today.A. had B. has C. will have D. are ( )28. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that( )29.I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where( )30. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening?A. what B when C why D how三、用合适的连接词填空。1. Jim told me _ he didnt go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）2. Do you know _ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom）3. She said _ it wouldnt matter much.（that, if）4. He always thinks _ he can do better.（how, who）5. I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）6. They dont know _ to go or wait. (if, whether)7. We are talking about _ well go ba