英语国际音标表与读音规则表word版

英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）辅音（28个）轻辅音/P/颇/T/特/K/克/F/佛/四（咬舌音）/S/四浊辅音/B/伯/D/得/G/个/V/勿/字（咬舌音）/Z/自轻辅音/是/H/和/TS/差（CI）/T/迟/TR/缺浊辅音/日/R/若/DZ/资/D/之/DR/鼻音/M/呣/N/呢/半元音/J/也/W/我边音/了长元音/啊（长音）/奥（长音）/额（长音）/I/一（长音）/U/屋（长音）短元音/阿/奥/额/一/U/屋/E/挨/挨/E/和拼音的“EI”一样/A/挨/外双元音/一而/E/挨而/U/勿而/U/欧/AU/袄英语音标及字母组合对照一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词在开音节中EINAMEPLANEJANEBABYCAKEA在闭音节中BAGDADHATMAPBLACKBACK在开音节中IHETHESEMECHINESEE在闭音节中EBEDLETPENDESKYESEGG在开音节中AIBIKEFLYDRIVETIMENICEKITEI在闭音节中IFISHBIGDRINKSITMILKSWIM在开音节中OUTHOSECLOSEGOHOEHOMENOO在闭音节中CLOCKNOTBOXSHOPSOCK在开音节中JUSTUDENTEXCUSEDUTYTUESDAYU在闭音节中BUSCUPJUMPMUCHLUNCH在开音节中，元音字母U在辅音字母JLRS后面时读U音，例如JUNEBLUERULERSUPER二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词CHINAANOTHERWOMANBREAKFASTAIORANGECOMRADEVILLAGECABBAGEHUNDREDSTUDENTOPENWEEKENDEICHICKENPOCKETBEGINCHILDREN/IHOLIDAYBEAUTIFULFAMILYANIMALIAIEXERCISESATELLITESECONDTONIGHTSOMEBODYWELCOMEOUALSOZEROPHOTOAUTUMNDIFFCULTUJUPOPULARCONGRATULATIONJANUARY1动词中的A如果处在开音节位置，A读EI音，例如OPERATE2U处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母JLRS后面时，读U音，例如JULYINFLUENCEFEBRUARYISSUE在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母AEI即可以读作音，也可以读作I音。三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读音例词A在W音后面WANTWHATWATCHWASHQUALITYA在FNSKPHSPSSSTTH前AFTERPLANTGRAPHASKGRASPGLASSFASTI在NDLD和GH前AIFINDCHILDLIGHTHIGHO在STLD前OUMOSTPOSTCARDOLDCOLDO在MNVTH前COMEMONKEYLOVEMOTHER四、R音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词编号CARFARMDARKSHARPENER401ARAR在W音后面WARMQUARTERTOWARDS402FORTYMORNINGSHORT403OROR在W音后面WORDWORKERWORSE404ERIRURCERTAINLYBIRDTHURSDAY405辅音字母R双写时，前面的元音字母不能与R构成R音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如CARRYSORRYHURRY406R音节在非重读音节中通常读音，例如DOLLARTEACHERMARTYRFORGETSATURDAY407五、RE音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词编号ARECAREDAREHARE501EREIHEREMERE502IREAIFIREHIREWIRE503OREMORESCOREBEFORE504UREJUPURECURE505AREEREIREORE很少出现在非重读音节中，URE在非重读音节中读音，例如PICTUREPLEASURE506重读元音字母加RR，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按RE音节拼读规则拼读，字母RR读R音。例如PARENTZEROSTORYDURINGINSPIRING507某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如ORANGEVERYAMERICANPARAGRAPH508六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词编号AI/AYEIAFRAIDRAINWAITDAYPLAY601AIRAIRHAIRCHAIRPAIRREPAIR602SMALLBALLTALKWALLALL603LALWAYSALSOSALTALMOST604ALAL在FM前HALFCALM605AU/AWAUTUMNDAUGHTERDRAW606ITEACHEASYCHEAPPLEASE607EHEAVYBREADSWEATERWEATHER608EAEIBREAKGREAT609IHEARDEARNEARCLEARYEAR610BEARPEARWEARSWEAR611EAREARTHLEARNEARLY612EEIJEEPWEEKGREENTHREE613EERIPIONEERDEERBEER614EIEIGHTNEIGHBOURTHEY615EI/EYIEITHERKEY616JUNEWFEWNEWSPAPER617EU/EW在JLRS后UFLEWBREWJEWELRY618IE/EIS音之后IPIECEFIELDRECEIVE619OAOUCOATJOANBOATGOAL620OAR/OORROARBOARDDOORFLOOR621OI/OYINOISEPOINTBOYTOILET622UBROOMFOODTOOTHSCHOOL623OOUBOOKLOOKCOOKFOOTGOOD624AUFLOWERHOUSECOUNTDOWN625OUKNOWROWTHROWTHOUGH626YOUNGCOUNTRYENOUGH627OU/OWUGROUPYOUSOUP628COURSEYOURFOUR629AUOURHOUROURS630OURJOURNEY631JUIFLUIDSUICIDETUITION632UI在JLRS后UJUICEFRUITSUIT633七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组或字群读音例词编号AI/AYEI/EYISUNDAYFOREIGNMONKEY701OWOUYELLOWSPARROWTOMORROW702元音字组在非重读音节中读音或I。例如NEIGHBOURSERIOUSFAMOUSBISCUITCOFFEE703SIONTIONNIMPRESSIONNATION704SION在元音字母后NVISIONDECISIONOCCASION705TION在S后NQUESTIONSUGGESTION706STENSNLISTEN707STLESLWHISTLE708SUREPLEASUREMEASURE709TUREPICTURECULTURE710八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如EVERYDAYEIHANDBAGBLACKBOARD801有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如SUN太阳DAYEI日子SUNDAYI星期天HOLY神圣DAYEI日子HOLIDAYI假日BREAK中断FAST斋戒BREAKFAST早餐CUP茶杯BOARD木板CUPBOARD碗柜802九、辅字组的读音辅字组读音例词BBIKEBUSBAGB/BOMBTOMBKCAKEPICTURECOATMUSICCC在E前或在I/Y前SFACEDECIDECINEMAMUCHCHICKRICHTEACHERKSCHOOLHEADACHECHEMISTRYCHMACHINECHICAGOCKKCOCKPOCKETBLACKKNOCKDDDOCTORBREADHANDDAYDGEBRIDGEFRIDGEDRDRCHILDRENDRIVERDRINKFFFIVEFOURBREAKFASTBAGGARDONGOGG在EI/Y前ORANGELARGEGERMANFCOUGHENOUGHGH/LIGHTDAUGHTERHIGHGUESSLEAGUEDIALOGUEGUGUEGU在非重读音节中WLANGUAGEANGUISHHHOTHEADHOUSEHANDH/HOURHONESTJJEEPJARJOKEJOINJULYKKKINDBIKESKATEMAKEWEEKKNNKNIFEKNOWKNOCKLLLIFEMILKSCHOOLTALLMMMONKEYCOMEAUTUMNMNMAUTUMNCOLUMNSOLEMNNNOTSHINETENNOTENN在KG音前UNCLETHANKHUNGRYNGMORNINGYOUNGWRONGPPPAPERPLANEPIGSHIPPENPHFELEPHANTPHOTOTELEPHONEQKIRAQQUKWQUALITYQUITERRREDRUBBERRULERSSITSLEEPDESKS在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前ZMUSICHUSBANDSKSCARLETSCSMUSCLESCIENCESHSHEFISHSHIRTWASHTTENLETTERMEETT在通常情况下在弱读字母IAIEIO前PATIENTNATIONTCHWATCHTHINTHIRTYMETHODTHETHESEWITHTHANTH在通常情况下在冠词代词介词连词中在词尾THETHER中CLOTHEFATHERWEATHERTRTRTREETRAINCOUNTRYTRUCKVVVERYVOICELOVELEAVEWWEEKWINWAKESWEETWAITW/ANSWERTWOWWHATWHENWHITEWHYWHWH在字母O前HWHOWHOSEWHOLEKSBOXTEXTEXERCISEX在重读元音前GZEXAMLEEXISTEXACTWRRWRITEYJYESYARDYELLOWYOUNGZZPUZZLEZEROZOO十、英语语音名词解释1音节以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（MNL例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。0012音节的划分在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如LETTERMEMBERCHILDRENDAUGHTER在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。例如长音PAPERSTUDENTFATHERZEROMOTORFARTHER短音SEVENSTUDYMOTHERVERYMODLEWEATHER0023重读音节单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。0034开音节绝对开音节单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如NOBLUEBABYSTUDENTSECRET相对开音节单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母E构成的重读音节。例如NAMETHESEBIKEHOMEEXCUSE0045闭音节单个元音字母后面有辅字组（RWY除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如BAGEGGFISHNOTCUP0056双音节词重读规则双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。例如STU