农产品物流发展策略-----毕业论文

2008届本科毕业论文（设计）论文题目农产品物流发展策略学生姓名所在学院电子商务学院专业物流管理学号指导教师成绩2008年4月XXXA1A0A2A3A4A5A6A7A9A10A8A12A13A11A14A15A16A17A18A19A202XXX大学本科毕业论文（设计）原创性及知识产权声明本人郑重声明所呈交的毕业论文（设计）是本人在导师的指导下取得的成果。对本论文（设计）的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。因本毕业论文（设计）引起的法律结果完全由本人承担。本毕业论文（设计）成果归XXX大学所有。特此声明毕业论文（设计）作者签名王维作者专业物流管理作者学号2008年4月19日XXXA1A0A2A3A4A5A6A7A9A10A8A12A13A11A14A15A16A17A18A19A203XXX大学本科学生毕业论文（设计）开题报告表A21A22A23A24A25A26A27A28A29A30A31A32A33A34A35A36A37A21A22A23A24A25A26A38A39A40A41A21A22A23A24A25A26A42A43A44A45A46A47A48A49A27A47A50A51A52A32A33A53A54A21A22A55A56A57A58A59A60A61A56A34A35A62A48A63A64A65A56A66A67A68A69A29A30A31A32A33A52A66A70A71A72A67A56A73A74A68A75A76A77A78A79A80A66A81A72A82A56A83A84A85A72A86A56A87A88A85A72A89A56A41A90A85A72A67A56A91A92A62A72A93A56A94A95A91A96A97A98A99A100A29A52A101A102A103A85A30A52A103A62A104A105A103A56A34A35A106A107A68A73A108A109A110A111A112A113A114A115A104A105A32A33A116A98A117A118A66A119A29A30A31A120A121A33A122A52A123A56A124A125A126A127A128A129A97A130A69A131A132A29A30A31A133A134A135A101A110A68A32A33A108A136A68A137A138A139A140A141A142A143A144A145A146A147A148A149A143A150A151A152A153A148A149A154A155A156A157A158A143A159A160A161A162A163A164A165A166A167A168A155A156A159A169A157A170A155A156A163A164A171A172A173A174A175A176A177A144A178A179A180A155A156A181A182A143A183A184A175A176A177A144A178A155A156A157A158A185A186A187A188A189A190A191A192A193A194A195A196A197A198A173A186A199A200A201A197A198A202A203A204A205A201A197A198A206A207A186A187A208A209A210A168A211A212A213A214A215A169A216A154A217A218A159A193A219A220A221A155A156A222A223A154A177A144A178A155A156A224A137A138A201A225A226A201A227A228A201A229A230A165A231A232A208A155A156A233A147A154A234A147A235A236A143A159A166A167A168A155A156A165A160A161A162A163A164A222A237A238A143A222A220A221A155A156A186A187A239A240A241A193A242A243A244A138A245A246A247A143A147A248A193A242A143A249A250A177A144A178A251A252A253A252A143A240A254A240A255A191A232A250A184A0A1A2A175A154A189A37A185A207A3A4A193A154A5A6A7A8A169A9A10A11A12A195A216A216A217A218A13A220A195A221A14A236A15A16A216A218A217A216A220A250A225A216A220A195A17A18A19A213A216A217A250A225A217A216A225A220A195A221A20A21A225A217A216A22A220A250A22A217A23A195A232A254A24A234A217A216A220A250A234A217A216A13A220A195A212A17A25A26A4A193A212A17A208A27A28A154A29A30A31A32A195A224A176A33A34A35A36A38A39A40A41A42A43A154A44A45A143A50A166A167A168A155A156A165A160A161A162A163A164A154A164A212A245A222A46A47A143A254A48A139A224A49A116A165A51A52A53A54A55A38A39A56A57A58A59A165A152A153A143A139A60A61A62A154A63A223A245A222A204A205A154A64A65A185A66A238A67A68A69A70A195A220A192A195A212A17A71A186A187A72A73A180A195A74A75A164A212A57A76A77A78A75A161A60A57A76A77A79A75A80A30A186A187A208A77XXXA81A82A83A84A85A86A87A88A89A90A91A92A93A94A95A96A97A98A99A100A1014摘要随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，对农产品物流业提出了更高的要求，即必须给顾客提供更好的质量、更大的柔性、更多的选择、更高的价值和更低的服务价格。为适应农业市场化、产业化和现代化的发展趋势，要不失时机地把推行现代物流作为改造提升农产品传统流通业态的一种有效形式。本文以成都蔬菜物流现状和发展策略入手，具体研究蔬菜的生产、运输、仓储、物流系统模式建立，从一个区域的物流改革和发展反映中国物流的发展方向。关键词现代物流管理市场调查物流系统模G3423的建立XXXA102A103A104A105A106A107A108A109A110A111A112A113A114A115A117A118A119A120A121A122A1235ABSTRACTALONGWITHTHEECONOMICDEVELOPMENTANDIMPROVEMENTOFLIVINGSTANDARDS,THELOGISTICSINDUSTRYFORAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSHASPUTFORWARDHIGHERREQUIREMENTS,THENEEDTOPROVIDECUSTOMERSBETTERQUALITYANDGREATERFLEXIBILITY,MOREOPTIONS,HIGHERVALUEANDLOWERTHEPRICEOFSERVICESINORDERTOMEETMARKETORIENTEDAGRICULTURE,INDUSTRIALIZATIONANDMODERNIZATIONOFTHEDEVELOPMENTTREND,WESHOULDSEIZETHEOPPORTUNITYTOPROMOTEMODERNLOGISTICSASTHEUPGRADINGOFTRADITIONALAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSCIRCULATIONFORMANEFFECTIVEWAYTHISPAPERCHENGDUVEGETABLESLOGISTICSSTARTWITHTHESTATUSQUOANDDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGIES,ANDSPECIFICSTUDIESONVEGETABLEPRODUCTION,TRANSPORT,WAREHOUSING,LOGISTICSSYSTEMTOESTABLISHMODELFROMAREGIONALLOGISTICSREFLECTEDTHEREFORMANDDEVELOPMENTOFCHINASLOGISTICSDEVELOPMENTDIRECTIONKEYWORDSMODERNLOGISTICSMANAGEMENTMARKETSURVEYMODELOFLOGISTICSSYSTEMXXXA124A125A126A127A128A129A130A131A132A133A134A135A136A137A138A139A140A141A142A143A1446目录A145A146A147A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A149A150A151A152A153A154A155A156A173A157A158A159A160A161A162A163A164A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A165A166A167A168A151A152A153A154A173A157A158A159A161A162A169A170A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A165A171A151A169A170A172A174A175A177A178A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A148A1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通G9204G17959的不G11033和G17154G15267G2164G5049G14033G2159的G15192G5381，G1363G5483G11468G5415G18108G2010G7536蔬产品G3252G9394G19156和G17154运不G5415G13792G9878G6493，G6451失G1017G18337。有G1135地方的种G7905G13785G5194G8821有G3252G3698产G13792G3698G6922。G1852国G16780多地区的G7536蔬产品G5625G19668G3324产地G3818G10990G14279国G3818G4559G6226市场。G7536蔬产业发展的G1039要矛盾已经不G3324生产，G13792G3324G1122物流。要G5831流通G11033顺，必须依赖先进的G7536蔬产品的物流G17154G15267保鲜和G2164G5049技术。G7536蔬的物流G17154G15267和G2164G5049G7171G7536蔬产业的G18337要环节，G7171关系G7536蔬业G14033否顺利发展G14279关G18337要的技术。G7536蔬G17154G15267和G2164G5049业的发展，反G17819来又促进种G7905业的发展，具有G18337要的经济效G11422和G12050G1262效G11422。蔬菜产品大多G7171以鲜活的形式上市的，G3324G6117国G1306G11013G1122采后保鲜、包装G994处理不G5415，物流G17819程保鲜技术G14033G2159不足，冷G15267G16786施G1017G18337缺乏，市场营XXXA27A28A29A30A31A32A33A34A35A36A37A38A39A40A41A42A43A44A45A46A478G19156G14033G2159低等G3252素，致G1363蔬菜采后G6451失高达2030，距离联G2524国粮农G13464织要求的5指标G11468差G10990远。大量G6451失了应有的商品价值。二、成都市G7044鲜蔬菜流通的现状G2010析（一）、成都市蔬菜流通现状调研1、调研范围和对象G11458G2081成都的大G3423蔬菜G6221发市场共有四家成都火车南站蔬菜G6221发市场、五块G11719蔬菜G6221发市场、土桥蔬菜G6221发市场和五桂桥蔬菜G6221发交易市场，以及即将建成的西南地区最大的聚和蔬菜G7536品G6221发市场。G6117们确G4462G1866中一家为G18337G9869调查对象，G13792对G1122G1866他三家蔬菜G6221发市场则G3324网上查G6226G11468关的调查G19394G20076，G1306仅供参G13783。同时还有超市的蔬菜摊位和一G1135购买蔬菜的顾客。具体G4466地G13783察时间为2008G51924月；调查地G9869为该家蔬菜中心G6221发市场的管理办公室和超市的蔬菜摊位等；具体调查对象为市场管理员、市场业G1039、超市蔬菜摊位上的售货员和一G1135购买蔬菜的顾客等。2、调查方式调查的方式以询G19394为G1039，具体调查对象为蔬菜中心G6221发市场的市场管理员、蔬菜中心G6221发市场中蔬菜摊位上的业G1039、某大G3423超市蔬菜摊位上的G19156售人员和购买蔬菜的一G1135顾客，内容涉及到蔬菜G3324居G8677饮食消费中的比例、对蔬菜的供应情况、每天蔬菜的买卖情况、每天卖家剩G991蔬XXXA27A28A29A30A31A32A33A34A35A36A37A38A39A40A41A42A43A44A45A46A479菜的处理情况购买蔬菜的G1039要场所、对G11458G2081超市G994G14270G11013市场G19156售的蔬菜的评价、对蔬菜保鲜的情况G7171否满G5859、对现G3324买到手的蔬菜G7171否满G5859、对食品冷G15267链的G16760G16794等内容。G22、G13479G7536G994G2010析（1）成都市蔬菜流通G6221发市场G11458G2081成都市G7044鲜蔬菜的生产G9316G3848为G5441G5042（成都市G18078G2451种G7905的蔬菜）和客菜（成都市G18078G2451不G4464种G7905的蔬菜，从G1866G4439G11477G1233运到成都G17149卖的蔬菜）。成都市G3534本上G8821有进G2487蔬菜，有G1135国G3818蔬菜品种已经本土化。利G11004冷G15267链流通的蔬菜G5468G4581。火车南站蔬菜G6221发市场的蔬菜流通量G13434为1000T/D，G3811G12191G994G7161G1920的流通量G5647体G13792G16340G11468差不大，G2494G7171G3811G12191G994G7161G1920G11468比，2、3、7、8、9月G1233G18078菜G4581客菜多。土桥蔬菜G6221发市场的蔬菜流通量G13434为2500T/D，G3811G12191G994G7161G1920的流通量G5647体G13792G16340比G17751平G12295。五桂桥蔬菜G6221发交易市场的G7097蔬菜流通量G13434为1000T；五块G11719蔬菜G6221发市场为1100T/D火车南站蔬菜市场1000T/D，土桥蔬菜批发市场2500T/D五桂桥蔬菜批发市场1000T/D五块石蔬菜批发市场1100T/D（G3282一）G7044鲜蔬菜G3324采G6700后G7171否G4466施保鲜G6526施，G7171G11013蔬菜种G12879、运输距离、G6931G5232管理方式和保鲜成本G13792G4462。G11013G1122G11458G2081蔬菜供应G1039体G7171运G19156大G6155，G3252XXXA27A28A29A30A31A32A33A34A35A36A37A38A39A40A41A42A43A44A45A46A4710G8504成本G7692G12651G7171G1866G20330先要G13783G15397的G3252素。大家都G7138G11345采G6700后的蔬菜应G4625G2499G14033G1363G1055处G1122低G9213的环G3671中，蔬菜G3324冷G15267链G2520个环节G1055间的G17819G9205G1075须G4625G2499G14033地G13512G6357G5670G9213G6122G13785G8886G2172不大的低G9213，G1306G7171运G19156大G6155G7094G5831保G16789蔬菜保G6357G4625G2499G14033高的G7044鲜G5242以G7411G2499G16278的售价，G1075不G5088G7407有G3838高的冷G15267链成本的G6915出。G1122G7171G17819G2447的G1924G15267G8873G1427G2031造性地运G11004G3324了G4466G19481G1055中，即G3324G8885G8831G12677中间G6930G13634G4506G4565的G3621G7021G10954，蔬菜装G12677G2081将G8892水的G3621G7021G10954低G9213G1935G13479，G7044鲜蔬菜运输时G4613G6682G6930G3324G3621G7021G10954G2620围，依G19764G10954中G1924的G15713化G2572G9921来G13512G6357低G9213。蔬菜装G12677G4448G8617后G1889G14026G4565G8885G8831G12677；蔬菜装车指G7092冷G15267G6526施的G7234通货车时，G3324货G3546一G14336成G11709形G1857个G19766上包G16077一G4630G7837G15999，G9994后G1889G2164G19480一G4630G14621G5121，最后G7171将G1866G6178G13550G3961G5415，以G19462G3324运输G17819程中货物G6398位G5445G2721保G9213。G17837一G1582G8873G11468对G1122冷G15267车G13792G16340运输成本大大G19489低。G17837G7171G11458G2081G17751G7234G17953的冷G15267保鲜手G8873。成都市内G994市G3818的G7044鲜蔬菜G3355以G8785车运输为G1039，后G13785G1075有G19093G17347运输的，G4581量反G4407节的G17161G18337蔬菜则采G11004G12366运。流通时间G3252运输G17347程、运输方式的差G5334G13792不同。成都市G7044鲜蔬菜G3324进入流通G1055G2081都已经经G17819G7828G20576，G7828G20576G1214G3132G16786G3803都G11013市场出G17176，G11013G6931G5232统一购G13634，G7828G8991人员G1075G7171经G17819专门的职业培训G5194取G5483上岗G16789上岗。G1306G7171从G11458G2081的人G2159、物G2159、财G2159上G13792G16340都G5468难G1582到G1852G19766G7828G8991。G3811G4407农残标准G2524格G10587G17751G1920G4407时的低。（2）成都市蔬菜流通G6221发市场G2010析G3324蔬菜G6221发市场调研时发现，G11458G2081作为蔬菜流通G1039要载体的G8785车，制冷G16786G3803的配G13634几乎G12366G11345。G13792蔬菜运G19156大G6155G5194非不知G17959冷G15267链流通G2499大大提高蔬菜品质，G1306现状G4613G7171成本G5445G2721G1363G11004。XXXA27A28A29A30A31A32A33A34A35A36A37A38A39A40A41A42A43A44A45A46A4711G7044鲜蔬菜的低G9213流通从技术保G16789方G19766看G7171G2499以G4466现的，G1039要的症G13479G3324冷G15267链流通的成本以及市场的流通G19394G20076。G4466现冷G15267链流通G4613G5859味着成本G3698G2164，G3926G11004冷G15267车从G7044疆运输20吨葡萄运费G1343445万元，G13792采G11004冷库预冷、G11004包G16077G7837G15999的G7234通车运输，G2494G1966815万元，G5415G9994G1866产品质量肯G4462有差G5334。G8504G3818，冷G15267运输G5049具G11468对不G7234及、低G9213配送技术不G4448G2904G1075G7171不G2499忽视的原G3252。G11458G2081，国内的冷链系统远未达到G4448G2904链接的程G5242，G11468对G1122国G19481先进水平差距G5468大。成都市居G8677G7044鲜蔬菜消费状况蔬菜消费量占成都市G7234通家庭G7097常饮食消费量的百G2010比大G13434G717140以上；成都家庭购买蔬菜的G1039要场所为菜场G6122G14270G11013市场和超市，选择购买蔬菜场所的最G1039要G13783G15397G3252素G7171G7044鲜。G11458G2081市内超市G19156售的蔬菜品种G4581，包装好G1306价格高，且G1866G994G14270G11013市场的蔬菜最大的差G2047G7171G7044鲜G5242低；G994G2081G13785G11468比G17751，后G13785G19156售的蔬菜购买方G1427、G7044鲜G5242高、价格G1427G4464，G1306G1075存G3324缺斤G4581两、食品安G1852G2499G19764性差的G19394G20076。成都市G8677对食品冷G15267链G6122冷链知G16794了G16311的百G2010比仅大G13434为25左右，仅有大G1343430左右的成都市G8677知G17959蔬菜采G11004冷G15267链技术后G2499以提高G1866G19156售时的品质，蔬菜G3926G7536采G11004冷G15267链技术后G1262G3698G2164蔬菜的G19156售价格，G2494有大G134342的成都家庭G16760G2499的菜价G3698G2164。G13792对成都市G8677对购买蔬菜的场所选择的市场调查，G6117们先看2007中国连锁经营统计G5192鉴的G3282表中国G1039要城市消费G13785购买超市生鲜的比例（）XXXA27A28A29A30A31A32A33A34A35A36A37A38A39A40A41A42A43A44A45A46A4712城市菜蔬G12879水G7536配菜生鲜G2524计北京873129147上海908230202G5203G504231272280成都32201870武汉694030139西安19061439（G3282二）不同G6922入消费G13785的消费趋势G3282G6922入水平平G3355每G2620购物时间（小时）愿G5859购买超市净菜的比例（）G13783G15397购物环G3671的比例（）平G3355G2499以接受的超市G994菜市场蔬菜价格比（）10002000381162310952000300030309255112230004000213083081145XXXA27A28A29A30A31A32A33A34A35A36A37A38A39A40A41A42A43A44A45A46A4713400050001655035011135000800019625500110780001000013500500119210000116678891261（G3282三）根据G17837G1135市场调查发现，城市的发达水平和G6922入水平直接G5445G2721消费G13785买菜时消费场所的选择，G1306通G17819G3282表不难发现，消费G13785最关心的G7171蔬菜的G7044鲜程G5242，所以农贸市场仍G7171G1039要买菜场所，G1306超级市场以G1866良好的购物环G3671、精美的包装、方G1427的G2164G5049蔬菜、食品的安G1852性等G2572引越来越多的消费G13785光顾。G5192轻一代的蔬菜消费G1076惯G7171今后蔬菜冷G15267链流通后进入超市的市场G3534G11796（二）蔬菜流通环节及所发生的费G11004调查蔬菜从产地到成都的G2520大超市的流通经G17819了两G17959环节。G20330先G7171超市的采购员通G17819蔬菜G6221发市场采购蔬菜所发生的费G11004，G1039要包括配菜费、包装费、装卸费等。G1866次G7171蔬菜运到G2520大超市的运输环节所发生的费G11004。G17837一费G11004一G14336G11013菜商一次性G6915付给车G1039。上述两项费G11004汇G5647G7512成蔬菜G11013产地到成都G2520大超市G5647费G11004，G1889G2164上超市里G11004G1122对蔬菜保鲜的费G11004，G17837G1135最终将G11013消费G13785来承担。XXXA48A49A50A51A52A53A54A55A56A57A58A60A61A62A63A64A65A66A67A68A69141、蔬菜G11013农G6155到市场的费G11004为了更清楚地掌握蔬菜G6221发市场有关费G11004的发生情况，G6117们曾详细地询G19394菜商，G5483到的回答比G17751缺乏针对性，通G17819回答和查阅G17176G7021后大体G5647G13479了G3926G991四个阶段。第一阶段，菜商G4559G6226代理公司。菜商常G5192到产地G6922购蔬菜，大都通G17819几个G11468对固G4462的代理商，代理费根据G6922购蔬菜的多G4581略有差G2047。第二阶段，代理商为菜商G6922购蔬菜。代理商G1262根据G5415天G6221发市场的蔬菜报价，G994菜商协商G6922购蔬菜的数量和价格，G6922购蔬菜的G17819程G1039要通G17819两种模式来G4448成。第一种模式称为G6221发市场采购模式。G3926G7536菜商所G19668蔬菜的数量和品种G5194不G3838多，G6221发市场的价格G1075G2524适，代理商G1262G3324G6221发市场为G1866G6922购蔬菜，G17837G1075G7171大G18108G2010菜商G7234G17953采G11004的模式。第二种模式称为地G3848采购模式。G3926G7536菜商G19668要蔬菜的品种、数量G17751多，代理商G1262G13464织人员和车辆到蔬菜大棚的地G3848G6922购蔬菜。地G3848采购模式G7171对G6221发市场采购模式的有G11422补充形式。第三阶段，对G6922购的蔬菜进行包装G6984理。G6922购蔬菜后，G5049人G19668要对蔬菜进行简单的G2164G5049G6984理，G9994后G2010G12879包装。第四阶段，装车。超市的G19156售G18108采购员到蔬菜产地采购蔬菜大多G14270带车辆，G3926G7536G19668要租车，G2499通G17819车辆配送站联系车辆，具体费G11004G11013双方G14270G1039协商，一旦价格确G4462，G1427G2499G13464织人员装车、G4565车。XXXA48A49A50A51A52A53A54A55A56A57A58A60A61A62A63A64A65A66A67A68A6915G991G19766G7171成都蔬菜流通G3282和运往成都的客菜费G11004统计表地区运输G5049具运费KG/元G1008北地区火车1G1008北地区G8785车11北京G8785车08G7044疆G8785车1012西安G8785车04（G3