基于linux的家用网关

1、基于linux的家用网关准备工作：1.linux-2.6.9.tar.gz-linux内核源代码2.busybox-1.10.1.tar.gz- busybox是很多标准 Linux 工具的一个单个可执行实现。 3.实验环境虚拟机实验步骤：一、 制作RAM盘映像文件(/root)1.创建空白文件系统dd if=/dev/zero of=initrd bs=16M count=12.格式化空白文件系统mke2fs -F -m0 initrd3.挂载mount -t ext2 -o loop initrd /mnt/initrd4.创建必要的目录(/mnt/initrd)脚本：install -d

2、 bin,dev,etc,lib,mntinstall -d sbin,usr,var,sys,procinstall -d root -m 0750install -d tmp /var/tmp -m 1777install -d usr/bin,lib,sbin,shareinstall -d usr/share/terminfoinstall -d var/lock,log,run,lib,local,tmp5. 创建初始设备节点(/mnt/initrd/dev)脚本：mknod -m 622 console c 5 1mknod -m 660 null c 1 3chown root:

3、root *chmod +x MAKEDEV./ MAKEDEV6. 复制所需要的动态连接库(/mnt/initrd/lib/)cp -rdf /lib/libc-*.*.*.so ./cp -rdf /lib/libc.so.6 ./cp -rdf /lib/ld-*.*.*.so ./cp -rdf /lib/ld-linux.so.2 ./cp -rdf /lib/libcrypt-*.*.*.so ./cp -rdf /lib/libcrypt.so.1 ./cp -rdf /lib/libnss_* ./cp -rdf /lib/libresolv* ./cp -rdf /lib/l

4、ibdl* ./cp -rdf /lib/libnsl* ./cp /lib/libm.so.6 ./cp /lib/libselinux.so.1 ./cp R /lib/tls/ ./cp -R /lib/iptables/ ./检查：(查看一是否有红名的文件)7.创建配置文件(当前目录/mnt/initrd/etc)fstabrootlocalhost etc# cat fstab/dev/ram / rootfs defaults 1 1Proc /proc proc defaults 0 0inittabrootlocalhost etc# chmod +x inittabrootl

5、ocalhost etc# cat inittabconsole:sysinit:-/etc/rcStty0:askfirst:-/bin/login#ttyS0:respanwn:-/bin/ash:respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyS0 9600 vt100:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/reboot:shutdown:/bin/umount -a -r:shutdown:/sbin/swapoff -arcSrootlocalhost etc# chmod +x rcSrootlocalhost etc# cat rcShostname GWmount -t pro

6、c /proc /procmount -t sysfs /sys /sysmount -t devpts devpts /dev/ptsmount -t tmpfs /dev/shm /dev/shmudevd -daemonudevstart/sbin/klogd/sbin/syslogd/sbin/runcfgtelnetd -p 10023nsswitch.confrootlocalhost etc# cat nsswitch.confpasswd: filesgroup: filesshadow: fileshosts: files dnsnetworks: files dnsprot

7、ocols: filesservices: filesethers: filesrpc: filesnetgroup: filespasswdrootlocalhost etc# cat passwdroot:x:0:0:root:/:/bin/ashnobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin grouprootlocalhost etc# cat grouproot:x:0:rootnobody:x:99:shadowrootlocalhost etc# cat shadowroot:$1$FIC8K/qi$enuz4oqXR2FkjRgpcmU76.:138

8、70:0:99999:7:其他配置文件直接从系统里复制cp /etc/resolv.conf ./cp /etc/services ./cp /etc/mime.types ./cp /etc/protocols ./cp /etc/securetty ./cp /etc/hosts ./cp R /etc/udev ./二、 Buby的编译和安装(/root)tar zxvf busybox-1.10.1.tar.gzcd bubybox-1.10.11. 修改init.c(/root/bubybox-1.10.1/init)vi init.c默认：#define INIT_SCRIPT /

9、etc/init.d/rcS /* Default sysinit script. */改为：#define INIT_SCRIPT /etc/rcS /* Default sysinit script. */2. 配置、编译、安装(/root/bubybox-1.10.1/)make menuconfigmakemake install我的配置文件：.config,要使用的话先修改为.config，然后放入bubybox目录下，运行一次make menuconfig然后退出。注意安装路径，我这里是安装到/mnt/initrd三、 卸载RAM盘并压缩(/root)umount /mnt/ini

10、trdgzib -9 initrd四、 为新磁盘分区fdisk /dev/hda Command (m for help):n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 1Command (m for help): aPartition number (1-4): 1Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/hda: 536 MB, bytes16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1040 cylindersUnits = cylinders

11、of 1008 * 512 = bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/hda1 * 1 1040 + 83 Linux五、 编译内核(/root)tar zxvf linux-2.6.9.tar.gzcd linux-2.6.9make mrpropermake menuconfigmake bzImage我的配制文件：.config六、 使用Grub引导(/mnt/lfs/)1.复制引导所需要的文件mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/lfs/mkdir bootmkdir boot/grub/cd boot/grub/cp /

12、boot/grub/grub.conf./cp /boot/grub/menu.lst ./cp /boot/grub/stage1 ./cp /boot/grub/stage2 ./2.编辑grub.confrootlocalhost grub# cat grub.confdefault=1timeout=5#splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gzhiddenmenutitle GW (2.6.9) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz root=LABEL=/dev/ram0 ramdisk_size=64000 rhgb quie

13、t initrd /initrd.img3. 运行grub rootlocalhost grub#grub GNU GRUB version 0.95 (640K lower / 3072K upper memory) Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported. For the first word, TAB lists possible command completions. Anywhere else TAB lists the possible completions of a device/filename.grub root (hd0,

14、0)grub setup (hd0)七、 安装内核(/mnt/lfs/)cp /root/linux-2.6.9/arch/i386/boot/bzImage ./vmlinuzcp /root/initrd.gz ./initrd.img八、 调试（自己调吧）一些文件：/var/log/messages/var/log/wtmp/var/run/syslogd.pid/var/run/utmp/usr/lib/libncurses.so.5/usr/lib/libncurses.so.5.4/usr/lib/libpanel.so.5/usr/lib/libpanel.so.5.4/usr/lib/libpopt.a