富兰克林罗斯福ppt课件

1、Franklin D. Roosevelt,Content,People biography,Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 April 12, 1945; ) was the 32nd President of the United States and a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the United States during a time of worldwide economic crisis and world wa

2、r. The only American president elected to more than two terms, he was often referred to by his initials, FDR. Roosevelt won his first of four presidential elections in 1932, while the United States was in the depths of the Great Depression. FDRs combination of optimism and economic activism is often

3、 credited with keeping the countrys economic crisis from developing into a political crisis. He led the United States through most of World War II, and died in office of a cerebral hemorrhage shortly before the war ended,Profile,Nickname: FDR (Americans usually call it, it was its name abbreviation

4、FDR) Date and place of birth: January 30, 1882, Hyde Park, New York The date and place of the death: April 12, 1945, Warm Springs Father: James Roosevelt Mother: Sara Delano Roosevelt Brothers: James Roosevelt Roosevelt (half,1854-1927) Lady: Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (1884-1962), married on March 17,

5、1905 Children: four sons and one daughter,Religion: Episcopalian Protestant Episcopalian Education: Graduated from Harvard College (1903); and then Columbia Law School Occupation: officials, lawyers, the President of the United States Height: 188cm Political parties: the Democratic Party Other Gover

6、nment Positions: a member of the New York State Legislature (1911-1913) The Navy Assistant Minister (1913-1920) Governor of New York (1929-1933,Disabled in body Strong in mind,In 1921, at the age of 39, Roosevelt contracted polio(脊髓灰质炎) while on a vacation in Nova Scotia（坎波贝洛岛,What is polio,Polio is

7、 a serious infectious disease that often makes people unable to use their legs,Disabled in body Strong in mind,In the fall of 1921: Decision: Political life Rehabilitation(复原) process,Background: During the 1920s, disability was frowned upon. Often disabled family members were put into asylums and b

8、anished from the family. The disabled were not employable and were often removed from society,Disabled in body Strong in mind,FDR began to move up on the political ladder. More citizens were sympathetic to his condition rather than embarrassed. Fueled by Americas “good cheer” and acceptance, FDR gai

9、ned more confidence in his political career and ran for governor of New York in 1928. His disability did not affect his votes and as a result, he held the governorship for two terms until he decided to run for President in the 1932 election,In 1924, he supported New York State Governor Al Smith in t

10、he Democratic Convention,The first public appearance,From then on,Disabled in body Strong in mind,FDR used a special wheelchair he designed himself,In private,Disabled in body Strong in mind,In public,Using the cane instead of wheelchair to assure America that he was capable. He never wanted America

11、ns to get the impression that he was helpless,Disabled in body Strong in mind,Charity work,2. National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis (Now, its known as the March of Dimes,1. Warm Springs Foundation,Disabled in body Strong in mind,Disabled or not, FDR became a symbol of strength and perseverance

12、 to Americans, showing them that “You gain strength, courage and confidence by every experience in which you really stop to look fear in the face. You are able to say to yourself, I have lived through this horror. I can take the next thing that comes along.You must do the thing you think you cannot

13、do,Transformational Politician,President Franklin D. Roosevelt came to office in 1933 amid the economic calamity of the Great Depression, offering the nation a New Deal (新政）intended to alleviate economic desperation and joblessness, provide greater opportunities, and restore prosperity,Inaugural add

14、ress, “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.,Roosevelts policies,Relief: for the needy, provided jobs for the unemployed, protected farmers from foreclosure Recovery: economic, get the economy back into high gear Reform: financial, to regulate banks, abolish child labor, conserve farm lands

15、,First Hundred Days,March 9 June 16, 1933 Congress passed more than 15 major pieces of New Deal legislation Significantly expanded the federal governments role in the nations economy,Fireside chats radio talks about issues of public concern; explained New Deal; Americans felt like FDR was speaking d

16、irectly to them,Prohibition Repealed - 1933,In order to raise government revenues by taxing alcohol; 21st Amendment passed,Impact: The New Deal,Government responsibility: for the health, welfare, and security, as well as the protection and education of its citizens Extension of Democracy: defined th

17、e concept of democracy; it now included not only political rights but economic security and social justice as well Revitalized politics: Reasserted presidential leadership Parties seen as vehicle for the popular will, instrument for effective action,他推翻的先例比任何人都多，他砸烂的古老结构比任何人都多，他对美国整个面貌的改变比任何人都要迅猛而激烈

18、。然而正是他最深切地相信，美国这座建筑物从整个来说，是相当美好的。 -美国著名记者约翰逊,World War,On December 7, 1941, the Japanese attacked the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, destroying or damaging 16 warships, including most of the fleets battleships, and killing almost 3000 American military personnel and civilians,It is at this time

19、 Roosevelt gave the famous “Infamy Speech“(国耻演说). Within an hour of the speech, Congress passed a formal declaration of war against Japan and officially brought the U.S. into World War II,Peaceful Warrior,Cairo Conference,Roosevelt met with Churchill in late December and planned a broad informal all

20、iance between the U.S., Britain, China and the Soviet Union(苏联). The aim of crushing Nazi Germany between two fronts; and saving China and defeating Japan,蒋介石，罗斯福和丘吉尔缔结同盟,Cairo Declaration,The Cairo Declaration was the outcome of the Cairo Conference,They covet no gain for themselves and have no tho

21、ught of territorial expansion. It is their purpose that Japan shall be stripped of all the islands in the Pacific which she has seized or occupied since the beginning of the first World War in 1914, and that all the territories Japan has stolen from the Chinese, such as Manchuria（满洲）, Formosa（台湾）, and The Pescadores(澎湖列岛), shall be restored to the Republic of China,Tehran Conference,Roosevelt and Churchill told Stalin about the plan to invade France in 1944, and Roosevelt also discussed his plans for a post-war peace international organization the United Nations,Yalta Conference in19