八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件

1、八年级英语新目标下Unit9课 件 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 past now Yesterday , we cleaned the classroom. Now , the classroom is clean because we have cleaned it. 用法用法1 过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 1. My father bought many books for me yesterday . Now , I have a lot to read because _ 2. I saw this

2、film last week. Now, I know this film because I_. 3. I did my homework yesterday. Now, I can give it to the teacher because I_ my father has bought many books for me. have seen it before have done it. 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 “仍然，还仍然，还 ” 用在疑问句和否定句用在疑问句和否定句 中，放在句末。中，放在句末。 I havent read this book yet . Have y

3、ou had breakfast yet ? already: Yet: “已经已经”通常用于肯定句中通常用于肯定句中,放在句中。放在句中。 I have already read this book. 有时，也用在疑问句中表示惊讶。有时，也用在疑问句中表示惊讶。 Have you eaten up all the food already ? 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 “从来不从来不” 用在否定句中用在否定句中,放在句中。放在句中。 Is he famous ?I have never heard of him . ever never “曾经曾经”通常用于疑问句和通常用于疑问句和

4、肯定句中肯定句中,放在句中。放在句中。 I have ever seen this film. Have you ever been to the USA ? 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 “以前以前”用在完成时中，用在完成时中， 放在句末。放在句末。 have never read this kind of books before. just before “刚刚刚刚 ”用在陈述句中用在陈述句中, 放在句中。放在句中。 I have just bought a novel。 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 She began to work in 2005. She still wo

5、rks here now. She has worked at this school for 3 years. 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 now past I began to teach English at this school five years ago. I have taught English at this school for five years. 用法用法2 2： 过去发生的动作一直延续到现在。过去发生的动作一直延续到现在。 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 1. I am a doctor. I began to work when I was 22.Now

6、 , I am 26. I _ for four years. 2. We went to the USA last Monday. Today is Monday . We _ (stay) in the USA since last Monday. have worked have stayed 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 since and for The woman has worked at this school for 2 years.( since two years ago) since 2 years ago since 1998 since she came to

7、the school) for + for + 时间段时间段 since+since+时间点时间点 for 2 years/a long time 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 一、用一、用for和和since填空。填空。 _three hours _three oclock _two days _yesterday afternoon _I came here _last Sunday _a week _a long time _1997 _two weeks _three years ago _ last month for since for since since since fo

8、r for since for since since 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 1.Theyve known each other since_. A.1995 B. three years 2.Ive been interested in Chinese for_. A. last year B. one year 3. She has been a doctor for_. A. two years B.two years ago 4. Ive had a headache since_. A. I got up this morning B. five hours 5. Wev

9、e been here for_. A. one hour B. one oclock A A B A B 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 6. My parents have owned this house for_. A. a long time B. many years ago 7. Theyve been in love since_. A. last spring B. three months 8. We have known each other since_. A. one year B. last year 9. -How long have you been like

10、 this? -Since_. A.last night B. two days 10.-How long has she worked here? -She has worked here for_. A. 1993 B. six years A A B A B 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 Exercise 根据所给情况，用根据所给情况，用just,already或或yet造句。造句。 1.After lunch you go to see a friend at her house.She saysWould you like something to eat? You say: N

11、o, thank you. _( have lunch ) 2.Joe goes out. Five minutes later,the phone rings and the caller says Can I speak to Joe? You say: Im afraid _.( go out )he has just gone out Ive just had lunch. 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 3.You are eating in a restaurant this evening. The waiter thinks you have finished and sta

12、rts to take your plate away.You say: Wait a moment !_ ( not / finish ) 4.You are going to a restaurant this evening. You phone to reserve(预定）预定）a table. Later your friend says Shall I phone to reserve a table? You say: No,_ it (do) I havent finished it yet. I have already done 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 1.现在完

13、成时用来表示过去发生或已完成现在完成时用来表示过去发生或已完成 的动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果的动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果,也也 就是说就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响 现在还存在现在还存在. I have lost my wallet. (含义是含义是:现在我没有钱花了现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has just had it. (含义是含义是:简现在不饿了简现在不饿了.) Michael has been ill. (含义是含义是:现在仍然很虚弱现在仍然很虚弱) He has returned from abroad. (含义是含义是:现在

14、已在此地现在已在此地) 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 2. 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过 去某一时刻一直持续到现在的动作和去某一时刻一直持续到现在的动作和 状态状态,常与表示持续的时间状语连用常与表示持续的时间状语连用. 表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续 性动词。性动词。 I havent seen her these days. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 3. 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过

15、去时现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时 间状语连用间状语连用,如如already, yet, just, before, recently, still, lately等等: He has already obtained a scholarship. I havent seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet ？ 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 4. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语 连用

16、连用,如如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等等: Have you ever been to Beijing？ I have never heard of Bunny. I have used this pen only three times. George has met that gentleman on several occasions. 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 5. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内 的时间状语连用的时间状语连用,如如now, no

17、w, just, today, this morning/week/month/year, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, up to present, so far 等等: Peter has written six papers so far. Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom. There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year. Up to the present everyth

18、ing has been successful. 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 6. 现在完成时表示现在之前已完成的动作现在完成时表示现在之前已完成的动作,虽虽 然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续,但是但是 有一些现在完成时的句子有一些现在完成时的句子,在后面加上在后面加上for+一一 段时间段时间,则现在完成时的动作就表示延续性则现在完成时的动作就表示延续性. Thomas has studied Russian. (现在不再学俄现在不再学俄 语语) Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas

19、 began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.(同第同第2点用法点用法 第一个例句第一个例句) 现在完成时的现在完成时的“完成完成”和和“未完成未完成”用法用法 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 7. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一 个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动 作作. We have had four texts this semester. 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 have (has) gone和have (has

20、) been的区别 1.have (has) gone表示“已经去某地了” She has gone to Shanghai .(她可能已在去上海 的路上，或已到上海，总之现在不在这里。) 2.have (has) been表示“曾经去过某地” She has been to Shanghai three times.(她已经不 在上海，只说明她曾经去过。) 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 非延续性动词不能与时间段连用：非延续性动词不能与时间段连用： go/come/begin/start/die/buy/borrow/sell/leave/arrive/ receive/become等词语

21、是瞬间动词表示的动作是一时的，等词语是瞬间动词表示的动作是一时的， 不能延续，不能与不能延续，不能与for、since等表示一段时间的词连用，等表示一段时间的词连用， 也不能用于也不能用于how long引导的疑问句中。引导的疑问句中。 如不能说：如不能说：He has borrowed the book for two months.() 但可以说：但可以说：He has kept the book for 2 months. 或：或：It has been 2 months since he borrowed the book. 或：或：Two months has passed sinc

22、e he borrowed the book. 这些瞬间动词常与它对应的可以表示时间段的词语进行互换。这些瞬间动词常与它对应的可以表示时间段的词语进行互换。 becomebe borrowkeep buyhave begin (start)be on openbe open diebe dead leave-be away come-be here/in go outbe out join-be a member/be in begin to study-study 注明：非延续性动词在否定结构中可用于现在完成时态：注明：非延续性动词在否定结构中可用于现在完成时态： I havent boug

23、ht anything for two days. 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 动词的过去分词的规则变化，在动词后加ed，规则 变化有以下四种： 原形+ed 如：worked, passed 词尾是e时，直接加d 如：liked lived 若词尾为“辅音字母加y”，则改y为i加ed。词尾 为“元音字母+y”时，直接加d； 如: played stayed studied cried 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节是，双写最 后一个辅音字母加ed. 如： stopped dropped 动词的过去分词的规则变化 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 不规则动词的过去式以及过去分词 巧记规律

24、 AAA: put put put letlet let ABA: becomebecamebecome ABB: standstoodstood ABC: eat ateeaten 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 AAA cost-cost-cost read-read-read put-put-put cut-cut-cut let-let-let set-set-set beat-beat-beat hit-hit-hit hurt-hurt-hurt spit-spit-spit rid-rid-rid 一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相 同的单词，结尾字母一般是t或d。 特

25、殊：动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与 原形一致，read-read-read，但发音分别是 ri:d-red-red。 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的: run-ran-run come-came-come become-became-become overcome-overcame-overcome ABA 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 原型原型过去式过去式过去分词过去分词例词例词 -eep-ept-eptkeep,sweep,sleep -ell-old-oldsell,tell -d-t-tlend,spend,send,build -ay

26、-aid-aidsay,pay,lay -n-nt-ntburn,learn,mean -ee-e-e-meet,feed -ought-oughtbring,buy,fight,think -aught-aughtcatch,teach ABB(含规则动词含规则动词) 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 1.另有一些其它形式的变化。 have (has)-had-had leave-left-left lose-lost-lost make-made-made feel-felt-felt spell-spelt-spelt stand-stood-stood 2. 改变单词中间元音字母。 s

27、it-sat-sat (babysit) win-won-won shine-shone-shone hold-held-held find-found-found hear-heard-heard hang-hung (hanged)-hung (hanged) ABB(含规则动词含规则动词) 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 ABC 原型原型过去式过去式过去分过去分 词词 例词例词 -eak-oke-okenbreak,speak -eal-ole-olensteal -ear-ore-ornwear,bear,tear -ow （aw） -ew-owngrow,blow,know, th

28、row,draw -i-a-u-sink,swim,drink,ring, sing,begin -i-o-ndrive,rise,ride,write 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 ABC 有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en，变 成以en结尾的单词。 take-took-taken give-gave-given fall-fell-fallen eat-ate-eaten write-wrote-written speak-spoke-spoken freeze-froze-frozen ride-rode-ridden get-got-gotten (got) forget-f

29、orgot-forgotten (forgot) 特殊： am/is-was-been are-were-been, do (does)-did-done go-went-gone see-saw-seen show-showed-shown (showed) lie-lay (lied)-lain (lied) 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 比较现在完成时和过去时的区别：比较现在完成时和过去时的区别： *现在完成时所表示的是过去的发生的动作对现在现在完成时所表示的是过去的发生的动作对现在 造成的影响和结果，强调的是现在的情况，所以造成的影响和结果，强调的是现在的情况，所以 不能和表示过去

30、的时间状语连用，如：不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday， last night, three weeks ago, in 1990。 *一般过去时表示的是过去发生的动作或状态，和一般过去时表示的是过去发生的动作或状态，和 现在不发生联系，它可以和表示过去的时间状语现在不发生联系，它可以和表示过去的时间状语 连用。连用。 I have seen the film.(我了解这部电影的内容。我了解这部电影的内容。) I saw the film last week.（只说明上星期看了这部（只说明上星期看了这部 电影，不涉及现在的情况。）电影，不涉及现在的情况。） 八年级英语新目标下Unit9课件 总结现在完成时：总结现在完成时： 1、构成：、构成：have /