Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀课件讲解

1、Grammar and usage Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 非谓语动词非谓语动词 过去分词过去分词 不定式不定式 -ing 形式形式 动名词动名词 现在分词现在分词 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 主主 动动 被被 动动 一一 般般writing being written 完完 成成having written having been written 现在分词的时态和语态现在分词的时态和语态(以以write为例为例) Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 1. He hurried home, lookin

2、g behind as he went. （一般式）（一般式） 2. Having finished their work, they had a rest. （完成式）（完成式） 3. The large building being built is a library. （被动语态）（被动语态） 4. Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.（被动完成式）（被动完成式） Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 现在分词现在分词 功功 能能 定语定语 表语表语 宾语补足语宾语补足语 状语状语

3、 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 定语定语 an interesting book the man sitting by the window boiling water the bridge being built(正在被建的桥正在被建的桥) 现在分词用于名词前，用来修饰该名词，现在分词用于名词前，用来修饰该名词， 功能上相当于形容词；也可用于名词后，功能上相当于形容词；也可用于名词后， 并可改写为定语从句。并可改写为定语从句。 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 The girl writing a letter there can sp

4、eak English very well. The girl who is writing a letter there can speak English very well. The factory making TV sets is very large. The factory which makes TV sets is very large. Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 A. A. 与动名词作定语的区别与动名词作定语的区别 B. B. 与过去分词与过去分词, ,不定式不定式 作定语作定语 的区别的区别 Book5U2Grammarandusage优

5、秀 课件讲解 动名词作定语表名词的作用或功能，现在动名词作定语表名词的作用或功能，现在 分词作定语表名词正在进行的动作。分词作定语表名词正在进行的动作。 现在分词现在分词动名词动名词 a sleeping child一个正一个正 在睡觉的孩子在睡觉的孩子 a sleeping car一辆卧车一辆卧车 a flying bird一只正在一只正在 飞翔的鸟飞翔的鸟 a flying course飞行课程飞行课程 a swimming girl一个一个 正在游泳的女孩正在游泳的女孩 a swimming pool一个游泳一个游泳 池池 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 与过

6、去分词与过去分词,不定式不定式 作定语的区别作定语的区别 过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾 关系或过去分词表示的动作以完成。关系或过去分词表示的动作以完成。 现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与 修饰词是主谓关系。修饰词是主谓关系。 不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 boiling water 正在沸腾的水正在沸腾的水 boiled water 开水开水 the changing world 变化中的世界变化中的世界 the chang

7、ed world 变化了的世界变化了的世界 the developing countries 发展中国家发展中国家 the developed countries 发达国家发达国家 falling leaves 正在落下的叶子正在落下的叶子 fallen leaves 落叶落叶 rising sun 正在升起的太阳正在升起的太阳 risen sun 已经升起的太阳已经升起的太阳 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 the house built the house being built the house to be built 建好了的房子建好了的房子 正在被建的房

8、子正在被建的房子 将要被建的房子将要被建的房子 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 表语表语 与过去分词作表语的区别与过去分词作表语的区别 表示表示“令人令人的的”都是都是-ing形式，形式， 表示表示“感到感到”都用都用-ed形式。形式。 表示主语的特征表示主语的特征, ,状态等状态等, ,一般接在联一般接在联 系动词后面系动词后面 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 interesting使人感兴趣的 interested感兴趣的 exciting令人激动的 excited感到激动的 delighting令人高兴的 delighted感到高兴

9、的 disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的 encouraging令人鼓舞的 encouraged感到鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快的 puzzling令人费解的 puzzled感到费解的 satisfying令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的 surprising令人惊异的 surprised感到惊异的 worrying令人担心的 worried感到担心的 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 The film was moving and he was deeply moved. His hobby

10、is painting. (动名词还是分词动名词还是分词 ？) Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 宾语补足语宾语补足语 下列情形可用现在分词做宾补：下列情形可用现在分词做宾补： 感官动词：感官动词：feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, notice, look at, observe, find 表表“使使”动词：动词：have, get, leave, keep, catch，send, set 1.With/without +宾语宾语+宾补宾补 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 We can see ste

11、am rising from the wet clothes. Can you hear her singing in the next room? Dont keep the students doing homework all day. What she said set me thinking. Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 现在分词现在分词 功功 能能 定语定语 表语表语 宾语补足语宾语补足语 状语状语 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 1.There was a terrible noise _the sudden burst

12、 of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 2. It was so cold that they kept the fire _all night. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned Multiple choice: Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 3.The flowers _sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of name. A.

13、to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 4. The old man, _abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 5. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket into a passenger. A. put

14、 B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 6. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. smoke B. smoking A.C. to smoke D. smoked Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 1. Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up. 2. Being a student, he was interested in sports. 3. Havin

15、g written the letter, John went to the post office. 状语状语 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 现在分词作状语时，注意如下三点：现在分词作状语时，注意如下三点： 相当于相应的从句相当于相应的从句 分词的逻辑主语就是全句的主语分词的逻辑主语就是全句的主语 现在分词作状语时有不同的时态与语态现在分词作状语时有不同的时态与语态 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 Rewrite sentences 1. Because he knew that there was a dog outside, th

16、e little boy didnt open the door. = _that there was a dog outside, the little boy didnt open the door. （原因） Knowing 2. The couple went shopping. As a result, they left their eldest daughter alone at home. =The couple went shopping, _their eldest daughter alone at home. (结果） leaving Book5U2Grammarand

17、usage优秀 课件讲解 3. Working hard, youll succeed. = If you work hard, youll succeed. （条件（条件 ） 4. Be careful when crossing the road. =Be careful when you are crossing the road. （时间）（时间） Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 分词的逻辑主语就是全句的主语分词的逻辑主语就是全句的主语 He traveled on the plane like this, keeping the tortoise hidd

18、en in a blanket. (keeping的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致，都是的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致，都是he) _ through the park, beautiful flowers could be seen everywhere. Walking B. When I walked C. Walk D. Walked Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 完成主动式完成主动式(现在分词作状语时有不同的时态与语态现在分词作状语时有不同的时态与语态) 1. Having finished her homework, she went to bed. 2. Ha

19、ving heard this, the woman astronaut expressed her satisfaction. 分词完成时所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表分词完成时所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表 示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用 ，不能做定语用。，不能做定语用。 Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 一般被动式一般被动式 表示正在发生的被动动作表示正在发生的被动动作, ,在句中作定语或在句中作定语或 状语。表正在被进行的动作。状语。表正在被进行的动作。 The car being repaired

20、 is mine. The car which is being repaired is mine. Being repaired, the car cant be used. As/Because it is being repaired, the car cant be used. Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 完成被动式：完成被动式： 表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作，在表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作，在 句中多作状语，不能作定语。句中多作状语，不能作定语。 Having been praised a second time ,I decided to m

21、ake still greater progress. Having been asked to stay, I couldnt very well leave. Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 非谓语动词的否定式均为非谓语动词的否定式均为not+not+非谓语动词非谓语动词 现在分词的否定形式现在分词的否定形式 not + 现在分词（完成的否定式现在分词（完成的否定式not 放在放在 having之前）之前） Not knowing how to dye the silk red, he went to her for help. Not having heard

22、 from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal. Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 一些独立结构一些独立结构： 1. Generally _( speak ), we have learnt a lot in this school. 2. _(judge ) from his appearance, he is somebody. 3._ (consider) his age, he looks young. speaking Judging Considering Book5U2Grammarandusage优秀 课件讲解 Exercise A: Finish Part A on P29 Keys: Having read 2. shocking 3. relaxing 4. tiring 5.