ReligionandMythPPT课件

1、 From the Archaic Age(750-500)down to the Classical time,Greek religion evolved into two major categories:the pubilc or state religion represented by Olympian patheon(万神殿)，depicted in Homers Iliad（荷马的伊利亚特）;and the popular cult or mystery religions ,of which were the worships of Demeter(德墨忒尔),Dionysu

2、s（狄奥尼索斯）,and Orpheus（俄尔普斯）.第1页/共20页The Olympian religion was polytheistic(多神论),involving twelve gods.and these gods were also associated with different functions. Next introduction these gods第2页/共20页Name:Zeus(宙斯)Function:a sky god and the first among the immortals,reigned as king on Mount Olympus,hu

3、rling thunderbolts and presiding over the divine counils .第3页/共20页Name:Hera(赫拉)Zeuss sister and wifeFunction:she watched over women who appesled to herfor help and kept a close eyeon her wandering husband.第4页/共20页Name:Poseidon(波塞冬)Zeuss brotherFunction:he ruling the sea all waters,and earthquakes.第5

4、页/共20页Name:Hades(哈迪斯)Zeuss brotherFunction: he guardingthe underwold. .第6页/共20页Name:Hestia(赫斯提亚)Zeuss sisterFunction:She protectedthe hearth and its sacredflame. .第7页/共20页Name:Apollo(阿波罗)Zeuss favorite sonFunction:symbolized the sun. .第8页/共20页Name:Artemis(阿尔特弥斯)Zeuss offersingFunction:he watched ovr

5、echildbirth and guarded wildcreatures. .第9页/共20页Name:Ares(阿瑞斯)Zeuss lying sonFunction:he delighted infierce battles,and ,as the war god,he possessed a quick temper and few morals. .第10页/共20页Name:Hephaestus(赫菲斯托斯)Zeuss sonFunction:a master smithand the patron of craftspeople .第11页/共20页Name:Athena(雅典娜

6、)Function:the goddess of wisdom and patron goddess of Athens(雅典),was associated with warfare,arts,and handicrafes. .第12页/共20页Name:Demeter(德墨忒尔)Zeuss sisterFunction:she was a harvestgoddess.During the winter months,the earth is bare,but when Persephone(珀耳塞福涅)and Demeter are together the earth is fecu

7、nd and thegrains grow. .第13页/共20页Name:Dionysus(狄奥尼索斯)酒神or Bacchus(巴克斯巴克斯)Zeus and Semele(塞墨勒)s sonFunction:while still a boy,he was torn into pieces by Titans ,who swallowed the heart and brought a new Dionysus.he was associated with wine.when people discovered how to grow the grape and to make wine

8、,they found intoxication divine,and gave honour to Bacchus. .第14页/共20页Name:Orpheus(俄尔普斯) Function:he was a mythicalfigure who had been to Hades(哈迪斯)to rescue his wife.he was also a geniusof music who could play hislyre and touch gods.Primarily he was believed to be a priest and a philosopher.Orphism

9、(俄尔普斯主义)also taught the doctrine of judgmentafter death.Orphism was an asceticsect . .第15页/共20页In Greek religion,they was a common beliefin the afterlive.Greeks held that the souls of the dead went to the underword,which consisted of three areas:Hades(哈迪斯),ruledby Pluto(柏拉图),a brother of Zeus:Tartar

10、us(塔耳塔洛斯)，a realm for the damned to and be tormented:and a third realm,Elysium(极乐世界) or the Heaven,where the virtuous dead dwelt. .第16页/共20页Ancient Greek religion also had an extensive mythology,which was composed of body of myths and legends,concerning gods mentioned above,and heroes and their adve

11、ntures.The most influential stories about heroes and their lives were Heracles(赫拉克勒斯) and his Twelve Labours,Jason and the Argonauts（阿尔戈英雄）,the House of Atreus（阿特柔斯）,the Theban Cycle（底比斯的周期）,and the Trojan War（特洛伊之战）. .第17页/共20页Greek religion and mythology was regrade as the early history of Greeks.The ancient Greeks used myth to explain natural phenomena and human conflicts.Greek myth ology has exerted a wide influence on literature,arts,