英语四级选词填空练习(20200616163601)

1、叮叮小文库英语四级选词填空专项练习Passage 1What is it about America ns and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1卫bout it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we stra ngely enjoy junk food. We 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity（ 肥胖）.Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence（ 矛盾情

2、结 ） lies in our history. The first Europea ns came to this con ti nent search ing for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop（经济作物）wasn eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, inten ded to prohibit drinking but actually en couragi ng more 4 ways of doing it.The immigra nt experie nee,

3、 too, has bee n one of in harm ony. Do as Roma ns do means eat ingwhat “ real America nseat, but our n ati ons food5hby icopmetsoqoizza, say, or hotdogs. And som e of the countrys most treasured cook ing comes from people who arrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that f

4、ood has been a medium for the nation s defi ning struggles, whether at the Bost on Tea Party or the sit ins at souther n lunch coun ters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reas ons or evades meat for political 6But strong opini

5、ons have not brought 7 . America ns are ambivale nt about what they put in their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they con tai n.The_9in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It s no coincidenee, then, thatthe first Thanksgiving holds th

6、e American imagination in such bondage（束缚）.It vshat we eat and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers that help define America as a com mun ity today.I. creativeJ.beliefK.suspiciousL. certa intyM.obsessedN.ide ntifyO.idealsA. an swerB. resultC. shareD. guiltyE. con sta ntF. defi nedG. vani

7、shH. adaptedPassage 2After the viole nt earthquake that shook Los An geles in 1994, earthquake scie ntists had goodnews to report: The damage and death toll（死亡人数 ）could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar _1_ that shook America

8、in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.Injuries and deaths were _2_ less in Los An geles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m.On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city highway. In addition, _3_ made to thecon struct ion codes in Los An geles duri ng the last 20 years have stre ngthe ned the city s

9、band highways, making them more _4_ to quakes.In the past, making structures quake-resist-a nt meant firm yet _5_ materials, such as steeland wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, andinsert rubber and steel between the building and its foundatio

10、n to _6_ the impact of ground vibrati ons. The most _7_ desig ns give buildi ngs brains as well as con crete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake s vWhen ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would _8_ the build

11、ing toshift in the opposite direct ion. The new desig ns should offer eve n greater _9_ to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.The new smart structures could be very _10_ to build. However, they would save manylresista ntJexpe nsiveKforceL accord in glyMi nten sityNsecurityOopposedlives and wou

12、ld be less likely to be damaged duri ng earthquakes.A changesB flexibleC decreaseD rece ntE pushF reduceG relativelyH safetyPassage 3Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchas ing an article or a service can actually 1 you money or can add

13、 to the cost. Take the 2 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 3 buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest _4 price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive 5 to dry

14、your hair.The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expe nsive one of all.So what prin ciples should you 6 whe n you go out shopp ing? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable 7 in excellent condition, you ll be saving tihoiloingimun. Befor

15、e youbuy a new _8_ , talk to some one who owns onef you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive 9 , or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose 10three items or three estimates.A :possessi on1inBsaveJeleme ntCbest

16、:K modelD applia nee:L itemEmaterial:M easyFfrom:N adoptGsimple:Oreas on ableH withPassage 4There s no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How much of thewarmi ng is our fault, and are we 1 to slow the devastati on by con troll ing our in satiable 2 for fossil fuels?Gl

17、obal warm ing can seem too 3to worry about, or too un certa in-someth ingprojected bythe same computer 4 that often can get next week weather right. On a raw winter day youmight think that a few degrees of warm ing would n t be such a bad thing any way. And no doubtus out of our cars and restrict ou

18、r lifestyles.Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some discomforting n ews. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the An des the world is heati ng up right now, and fast. Globally, the 6Js up 1 F over e past cen tury, but some of the coldest, most remote spots havewarmed m

19、uch more. The results arent pretty, hiveiisB are running dry, and coasts are 8t be out of mindthbecausethreate ning com mun ities.The 9 are happening largely out of sight. But they shouldn omens of what s in store forlOeof the planet.A remoteB tech niq uesC c on sist ingD restE willi ngF climateG sk

20、illI melt ingJ va nishi ngK erodi ngL temperatureM curiosityN changesO skillfulH appetitePassage 5It seems you always forget your read ing glasses whe n you are rushi ng to work, your coat whe n you are going to the clea ners, your credit card whe n you are shopp in g.Such abse nt-min ded ness may b

21、e丄to you; now British and Germa n scie ntists are develop ing memory glasses that record everyth ing the 2_sees.The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotte n such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3 the user to label items so that

22、information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certa in 4 by poin ti ng at them. Objects in dicated are the n give n a 5 label on a scree n in side the glasses that the user the n fills in.It could be used in 6jplants by mechanics looking to identif

23、y machine parts or by electricians wiri ng a 7 device.A spokesma n for the project said: A car mecha nic for 8 could find at a gla nee where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9accide nt black spots or dan gers on the road.In

24、 other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.A allowB in sta neeC bla nkD in dustrialE frustrati ngF itemsL annoyingMsuccessfulNarticlesOsimpleG in dicat ingH highlightI userJ

25、complicatedK whitePassage 6For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hitlist of our main fears: n atural resources are 1 out? the populatio n is ever grow in g, leavi ng less and less to eat? species are becoming 2 in vast numbers, and the planet is and w

26、ater are beco ming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more 3 n ot less so, si nee the book The Limits to Growth was publishedin 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per 4 of the

27、 world s populati on tha n at any time in history. Fewer people are 5 . Third, although species are in deed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 2550%, as has so ofte n been_6_ . And fin ally, most forms of environmen tal polluti on either app

28、ear to have beenZ, or are transient -associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by 8 it. One form of pollution the release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming -does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to exten

29、d well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to 9 a devastating (令人心神不安的 )problem. A bigger problem may well turn out to be an in appropriate resp onse to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmen tal sta ndards are declining and some factors seem t

30、o cause this disjunction between 10 and reality.A) poseI) starvi ngB) exaggeratedJ) headC) accelerat ingK) ru nningD) extinctL) predictedE) existM) abu ndantF) perceptionN) con ceptionG) wealthyO) redu cingH) magni fiedPassage 7El Nino is name given to the masterious and often unpredictable change i

31、n the climate of the world.This stra nge1happe ns every five to eight years .It starts in the PAacific Ocea n andis thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds( 信风),which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in 2,the ocean comperatures risecausing the

32、Peru current flowing in form the east to warm up by as much as 5、C.The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects.The hot,humid( 潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe 3thun derstorms.The rain fall is in creased acrossAo unth America n4floods to Peru .in the West pacific,there are droughts affecti

33、ng Australia and Indonesia.So while some parts of the world perpare for heavy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and5.El Ni no usually lasts for about 18 mon ths The 1982-83 El Ni no brough themost6weather in mordern historyts effect was worldwide and it left more tha n 2,000people

34、 dead and caused over eight billion pounds7of damage.The 1990 El Nino will9,but they are still not _10sure what leads to it or what affects how stro ng it will be.A)estimatel)completelyB)stre ngthJ)destructiveC)deliberatelyK)starvati onD)n otifyL)bri ngingE)tropicalM)exhausti onF)phe nomenonN)worthG

35、)stableO)strikeH)attractio nPassage 8Have you ever known anyone famous? If so, you may have found that they are remarkably similar to the rest of us. You may have even heard them _1_ to people saying there is anything different about them.I m really just a normal guy,an actor who has recently rocket

36、edinto the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a brief period when they actually start to believe they are as great as their _3_ fans suggest. They start to wear _4_ clothes and talk as if every one should hear what they have to say. This period, however, does not often last long. They fall back

37、 to reality as fast as they had _5_ rise n above it all. What will it feel like to soar to such _6_ and look dow n like an eagle from up high on every one else? And what will it feel like to have flow n so high only to _7_ from your dream and realize you; are only huma n? Some only see the _8_ in lo

38、si ng someth ing they had gain ed. They ofte n make _9_ attempts to rega in what they lost. Often these efforts result in eve n greater pain. Some become _10_ finan cially and emoti on ally. The only real winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us.A) desperateI) wak

39、eB) disappo intingJ) con testC) crueltyK) objectD) ban kruptL) worshipp ingE) fancyM) dig nityF) protectsN) origi nallyG) altitudeO) protestsH) similarlyPassage 9When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew only a few words of English .Education soon became a _1 _. I could

40、n t understand anything,” he said. He_2_ from his teachers, came home in tears , and thought about dropp ing out.Then Mrs. Malave , a bilingual educator, began to work with him while teaching him math and scienee in his _3_Spanish. “ Steiped me stay smart while teaching me English , ” he said .Give

41、n the cha nce to dem on strate his ability, he _4_ con fide nce and bega n to succeed in school.Today, he is a _5_ doctor, runs his own clinic ,and works with several hospitals .Every day ,he uses the Ian guage and academic skills he _6_ through bili ngual educati on to treat his patie nts.Roberto s

42、tory is just one of _7_ success stories. Research has shown that bilingual education is the most _8_ way both to teach children English and ensure that they succeed academically. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students _9_ outperform their peers in monolingual programs. Calexico, Calif. , implement

43、ed bilingual education, and now has dropout rates that are less tha n half the state average and college _10_ rates of more tha n 90% .In E1 Paso ,bilingual education programs have helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to among the highest in the n atio n.I) hidJ)prominentK)dece ntL)

44、coun tlessM)recalledN)breakthroughO)automaticallyA) won derB) acquiredC) con siste ntlyD) rega inedE) ni ghtmareF) n ativeG) accepta neeH) effectivePassage 10As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia

45、, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace educati on _1_. The childre n, after lear ning to resolve con flicts, took on the _2_ of peacemakers. The Children s Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nom提afedforthe Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. groups of childre n _3_ as peacemakers s

46、tudied huma n rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace.The classroom _4_ opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with _5_, peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for

47、 each person empowers childre n to take a step _6_toward beco ming peacemakers. Fort un ately, educators have access to many online resources that are _7_ useful when helping children along the pathto peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers

48、and _8_ on start ing a Kindn ess Campaig n. The World Cen ters of Compassi on for Children International call attention to children s rights and howftwdme Startinga Peacemakers Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of

49、the _10_ school.G) in formatio nH) imagesI) forwardJ) especiallyK) en tireL) cooperativeA) victimsB) tech no logyC) roleD) respectivelyE) projectsF) offersO) actingM)comprehe nsiveN)assu ming【答案及详解】Passage 1【全文翻译】美国人如何看待食物呢 ？我们爱吃，但是过后会觉得内疚。我们说我们只要最好的，但 是却热衷于享受垃圾食品；我们很重视健康和减肥，但是肥胖却又空前地在蔓延。也许，这 种矛盾源于我

50、们的历史。首批来到这个大陆的欧洲人是为了寻找新的香料，但却一无所获;首种经济作物不是用来吃的，而是用来吸得。那时，旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，实际上却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒。移民的经历也与此有内在的关系。入乡随俗意味着要吃典型的美国人”的饮食，但是美国的食物已经被诸如比萨或者热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了。美国最珍贵的一些烹饪来自于戴着镣铐而来的人们。无论是在波士顿倾茶事件中， 还是在南部午餐柜台前的静坐中， 食物都曾被用来作为界 定斗争的一种手段， 这也许是不足为奇的。 无论是出于宗教原因而戒酒， 还是由于政治避难 而戒肉，这都与我们的健康甚至是道德的观念相一致。但是，这些坚定的观点并不是确定不变的

51、。美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的。 我们怀疑我们的食物，特别是当我们更清楚地了解了它们的成分时。对食物的信仰一直存在于美国人的意识之中。第一个感恩节就把美国人的想象力束缚在食物之中，束缚在我们与朋友对它的分享之中，这并不是偶然的。1. D feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词 about,可以确定选项为 D项guilty,短语feel guilty about sth.对感到有愧”全句的意思为我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感”。2. M be obsessed with为固定搭配，原意为 被附上/缠住/迷住心窍”放在本句表示十分重视”。

52、全句的意思为 我们很关心健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓延”。3. A本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词to的搭配，可以推断出正确选项answer.4. I本句根据more和ways可以判断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒”，可以确定I为正确选项。5. F本题较难。根据be和by确定应填入一个过去分词。再根据上下文，上文表示 应该吃典型的美国人吃的食物”，下文通过 but转折，表示实际上美国的食物已经被诸如比萨和热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了”因此可以确定F为正确选项。6. B政治结果，可根据宗教原因religious reason

53、s来推断此处填政治结果。7. L由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成bring的短语，这样本句所缺的为一名词，做bring的宾语。根据下文解释，美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意义为坚定的观点也不是确定不变的”。因此可以确定L为正确选项。8. K系动词become后应填入一个形容词，和后面介词 of形成短语be/become suspiciousof对感到怀疑”9. J本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词in的搭配，可以推断出正确选项belief,(have)belief in sth. 相信“”。10. C本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和with搭配，确定选项为sha

54、re, share sth. withsb.,与某人分享某事”。Passage 2【全文翻译】1994年洛杉矶发生强烈大地震后，地震学家报告了一个好消息：地震所造成的伤亡和 损害并不大。此次地震有60多人丧生。相较而言，美国1998年发生的相似强度的地震造成 的伤亡多达25，000人。洛杉矶地震伤亡人数相对较少，是因为地震发生在凌晨4： 31,而当天是个假日。当时城市公路上的车辆稀少。此外，在过去的20年中洛杉矶市对建筑法规所做的修订使城市的建筑和道路系统更加坚固，增强了抗震能力。在过去，防震建材指的是坚固并且有弹性的材料，如钢材和木材，它们即使弯曲也不会折断。后来，人们尝试着将建筑物从地基上

55、提起来，然后在建筑物和地基之间填充橡胶和钢材，从而减少地面震动对建筑物的影响。最新的建筑设计不仅为建筑提供水泥和钢筋支撑， 而且还赋予它智能，从而成为智能建筑，让建筑物能像生命有机体那样对地震做出反应。当地面震动而导致建筑物顶部向前倾斜时，计算机将会迫使建筑物向相反方向移动。这种新的建筑设计能够使处于地震多发区的城市更为安全。这种新型的智能型建筑造价高昂。然而，它可以挽救许多人的生命，而且在地震中不大可能受到损害。1选M）。此处应填名词，作介词 of的宾语，作为后置定语修饰earthquake，说明该名词是 地震的自然属性。选项中的名词有changes, safety，intensity和se

56、curity，只有intensity可以表示地震的强度，故选M）。2. 选G）。此处应填副词，用来修饰形容词less。选项中的副词有relatively相对的和accordingly相应的”第一段说这次地震和1998年的那次地震程度一样，但造成的损失却小很多，再从后句中高速路上的车辆不是很多”可以推断：这次的地震造成的死伤人数”与1998年比少很多，即少是相对的，故选G）relatively。3. 选A）。空格中要填的词是本句话中的主语，应为名词。这句话的主干是havestrengthened the city s buildings and h从第三段的内容和注释 3的解析可知：建筑结构发生了变化，故应选择 A）cha nges。4. 选I）。此处应填形容词，和其前面的more构成形容词的比较级，描述新型建筑与地震有关的性能。them = the city s buildings and highways, have strengthene被加固说明他们 更有抵御风险的能力了。选项中的四个形容词只有resista nt符合这个意思，故选I）。5. 选B）。此处应填形容词，修饰名词materials。从后面的.bent without breaking 即使弯曲也不会折断”，说明是有韧性的材料。选项中的四个形容词只有flexible表示