链路捆绑与STP

1、实验五链路捆绑与STP一.实验目的1 .组网需求：采用两台核心交换机组网来提高网络可靠性， 为防止二 层环路，需要全网运行STP将SW倍B署为根网桥，SW2®署为备份根 网桥，并将接入PC的接口配置为portfast端口； SW1-SW2间使用 链路捆绑进一步提高可靠性。2 .分析STP的选举过程（根网桥、跟端口、指定端口、阻塞端口）。3 .测试STP切换，并分析STP的端口状态切换过程。二.实验拓扑SMI：STP根网桥Int vlan 81 典.16 氏8.12*5Int vlan 10192.1B8.10.V24int vlan ii192.l6S.11JmFaO/1SWFaO/

2、3TrunkFaO/1FaO/3SW2: STP否份根网格 Int vlan 9 192.1 B8.8.130725Fa0Trunk FaO/2Trun kFaOHFa0y1GVlan 10FaD/11Vian 11PC1 PC2ip ：i92J&8.ia.womGW：192.168.1 D.1IP : 192.15S.10.100/24GW：192,10<JX1三.实验步骤1.基本信息配置SW1的基本信息配置（SW2 SW3勺基本配置与SW价目同）Switch>enable /进入特权模式Switch#config terminal/进入全局配置模式Switch(conf

3、ig)#hostname SW3 / 配置主机名SW3(config)#no ip domain-lookup 禁用域名查找SW3(config)#line console 0/ 进入 Console 线路模式SW3(config-line)#logging synchronous /配置Console信息显 示自动换行SW3(config-line)#no login配置口 Console 登录不认证SW3(config-line)#privilege level 15SW3(config-line)#line vty 0 4/ 进入 Vty 线路模式SW3(config-line)#no

4、login / 配置 Telnet 登录不认证SW3(config-line)#privilege level 15/ 配置为最高特权级别，enable不需要密码2 .二层网络全局配置(1) SW1 的 Vlan 配置SW1# vlan databaseSW1(vlan)#vtp transparent / 透明模式SW1(vlan)#vlan 8SW1(vlan)#vlan 10SW1(vlan)#vlan 11SW1#show vlan-sw briefVLAN Name Status Ports(2) SW2勺 Vlan 配置SW2# vlan databaseSW2(vlan)#vtp

5、 transparentSW2(vlan)#vlan 8SW2(vlan)#vlan 10查看Vlan信息PortsSW2(vlan)#vlan 11SW2#show vlan-sw brief /VLANNameStatus8 VLAN0008 active10VLAN0010active11VLAN0011active(3) SW3勺 Vlan 配置SW3# vlan databaseSW3(vlan)#vtp transparentSW3(vlan)#vlan 8SW3(vlan)#vlan 10查看Vlan信息PortsSW3(vlan)#vlan 11SW3#show vlan-sw

6、 brief /VLAN NameStatus8 VLAN0008 active(4) STP根网桥配置SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 8 priority 0SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 0SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 11 priority 0(5) STP备份根网桥配置SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 8 priority 4096SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10 priority 4096SW2(config

7、)#spanning-tree vlan 11 priority 40963 .二层网络接口配置及链路测试(1)核心交换机SW1-SW链路捆绑配置及调测SW1(config)#interface range fa0/1 -2/ 以太网接口 1 和 2,注意1后面要空格SW1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1qSW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunkSW1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk allowed vlan allSW1(config-if

8、-range)#channel-group 2 mode on 手动捆绑：组 2SW2(config)#interface range fa0/1 -2/ 以太网接口 1 和 2,注意1后面要空格SW2(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1qSW2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunkSW2(config-if-range)#switchport trunk allowed vlan allSW2(config-if-range)#channel-group 2 mode on手动捆绑：

9、组 2SW1#show etherchannel summary / 查看以太网通道信息 Flags: D - down P - in port-channel I - stand-alone s - suspende R - Layer3 S - Layer2 U - in use Group Port-channel Ports +2 Po2(SU) Fa0/1(P) Fa0/2(P)SW2#show etherchannel summary / 查看以太网通道信息Flags: D - down P - in port-channel I - stand-alone s - suspend

10、e R - Layer3 S - Layer2 U - in use Group Port-channel Ports +2 Po2(SU) Fa0/1(P) Fa0/2(P) (2) SW1-SW的Trunk链路调测SW1(config)#interface fa0/3SW1(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1qSW1(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSW1(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan allSW1#show interfaces trunk /查看

11、Trunk信息(只粘贴本步有用 信息) Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlanFa0/3 on802.1q trunking 1SW3(config)#interface fa0/1SW3(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dotlqSW3(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSW3(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan allSW3#show interfaces trunk /查看Trunk信息(只粘贴本步有用信息)Port

12、 Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlanFa0/1 on 802.1q trunking 1(3) SW2-SW的Trunk链路调测SW2(config)#interface fa0/3SW2(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1qSW2(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSW2(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan allSW2#show interfaces trunk / 查看 Trunk 信息Port Mode Encap

13、sulation Status Native vlanFa0/3 on 802.1q trunking 1SW3(config)#interface fa0/2SW3(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1qSW3(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSW3(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan allSW3#show interfaces trunk / 查看 Trunk 信息Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlanFa0/

14、2 on 802.1q trunking 1(4) SW3勺 Access 接 口配置SW3(config)#interface fa0/10/ 与 PC1 相连的接口SW3(config-if)#switchport mode accessSW3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10SW3(config-if)#spanning-tree portfast配置成 Portfast 端口SW3(config-if)#exitSW3(config)#interface fa0/11/ 与 PC1 相连的接 口SW3(config-if)#switchport

15、mode accessSW3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 11SW3(config-if)#spanning-tree portfast配置成 Portfast 端口SW3#show vlan-sw brief / 查看 Vlan 信息VLAN Name Status Ports10 VLAN0010activeFa0/1011 VLAN0010activeFa0/11(5)二层设备网管地址配置/为SW配置网管接口SW2(config)#interface vlan 8SW2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.8.130 255

16、.255.255.128SW2(config-if)#no shutdownSW2(config-if)#exitSW2(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.8.129/为sw：a已置网管接口SW3(config)#interface vlan 8SW3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.8.131 255.255.255.128SW3(config-if)#no shutdownSW3(config-if)#exitSW3(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.8.129(6)二层网络ST朋测SW1#

17、show spanning-tree brief / 查看生成树简要信息VLAN8Spanning tree enabled protocol ieeeRoot ID Priority 0Address cc00.0ed8.0001This bridge is the rootHello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secBridge IDPriority0Addresscc00.0ed8.0001Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secAging Time 0NamePo

18、rtIDPrioCostStsRoleFastEthernet0/3128.412819FWDDesgPort-channel2129.6512812FWDDesgDesignatedInterface/都为指定端口，转发状态VLAN10Spanning tree enabled protocol ieeeRoot ID Priority 0Address cc00.0ed8.0002This bridge is the rootHello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID PriorityAddress0cc00.

19、0ed8.0002InterfaceNameFastEthernet0/3Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15secAging Time 0DesignatedPortID Prio Cost Sts Role128.412819 FWD DesgPort-channel2129.6512812FWD Desg/都为指定端口，转发状态Vlanll0 0 0 0 0 0SW2#show spanning-tree briefVLAN8Spanning tree enabled protocol ieeeRoot ID PriorityA

20、ddressCostPortHello Time secBridge ID PriorityAddresssecInterfaceNameFastEthernet0/30cc00.0ed8.000112321 (Port-channel2)2 sec Max Age 20 sec4096cc01.0ed8.0001Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 secAging Time 0DesignatedPort ID Prio CostForward Delay 15Forward Delay 15Sts Role128.412819 FWD DesgPort-channel2

21、129.6512812FWDRoot/Fa0/3为指定端口，Po2为跟端口，都为转发状态。Vlan 10 、Vlan 11SW3#show spanning-tree briefVLAN8Spanning tree enabled protocol ieeeRoot IDPriorityAddresscc00.0ed8.000119CostPort2 (FastEthernet0/1)Hello Time2 sec Max Age 20 secForward Delay 15secBridge IDPriority4096Addresscc02.0ed8.0001Hello Time2 sec

22、 Max Age 20 secForward Delay 15secInterfaceAging Time 0DesignatedFastEthernet0/1128.212819FWDRootFastEthernet0/2128.312819BLKAltn/Fa0/1 为根端口，转发状态；Fa0/2为其他端口,阻塞状态。VLAN10Spanning tree enabled protocol ieeeRoot IDPriorityAddresscc00.0ed8.0002Cost19secBridge IDPortHello TimePriorityAddressHello Time2 (F

23、astEthernet0/1)2 sec Max Age 20 secForward Delay 154096cc02.0ed8.00022 sec Max Age 20 secForward Delay 15secInterfaceAging Time 0NamePortIDPrioCostStsRoleFastEthernet0/1128.212819FWDRootFastEthernet0/2128.312819BLKAltnFastEthernet0/10128.1112819FWDDesgDesignated/Fa0/1为根端口，转发状态；Fa0/2为其他端口，阻塞状态；Fa0/10

24、 为指定端口，转发状态。Vlanll0 0 0 0 0 04.三层网络接口配置SW1(config)#ip routing /启动三层交换机的路由SW1(config)#interface vlan 8/Man 8的路由点SW1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.8.129 255.255.255.128SW1(config-if)#no shutdownSW1(config-if)#exitSW1(config)#interface vlan 10 /Vlan 10 的路由点SW1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255

25、.255.0SW1(config-if)#no shutdownSW1(config-if)#exitSW1(config)#interface vlan 11 /Vlan 11 的路由点SW1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0SW1(config-if)#no shutdownSW1(config-if)#exit5.STP切换测试SW3(config)#interface fa0/1SW3(config-if)#shutdownSW3(config-if)#endSW3#show spanning-tree briefVLAN

26、8Name Port ID Prio Cost StsFastEthernet0/2 128.312819 FWD/ 由 Blk 至U FWDVLAN10Name Port ID Prio Cost StsFastEthernet0/2 128.312819 FWD/ 由 Blk 至U FWDFastEthernet0/10 128.11 12819 FWDVLAN11Name Port ID Prio Cost StsFastEthernet0/2 128.312819 FWD/ 由 Blk 至U FWDFastEthernet0/11 128.12 12819 FWD/Fa0/1 shut

27、down 之前，Fa0/2通过 STP协议划为阻塞端口， shutdown 后，由于酉己置了 spanning-tree potrfast 命令，Fa0/2 绕 过监听、学习直接进入转发状态。四.实验测试1.Fa0/2为阻塞状态时，数据流只从 Fa0/1进出，不经过Fa0/2物理 接口。Fa0/1shutdown后，Fa0/2进入转发状态，数据流从 Fa0/2进 出。（以PC1PingPC如例）/Fa0/2为阻塞端口时，PC1ping通PC2数据流经过Fa0/1端口。kJ PCS 11?2.1G8_1L-100192.1£8.11.100192.1E8.11.100192,lfc8.

28、11.100192.lt8.li.100192.16S.il.iaBicrap_seq(=L time =17-000 ms icmp_se(=2 time=22.000 ms i仁time322_000 ms 1c np_3e (j=4 t ime -10 . 000 msicrip_se(j=5 tine =13.000msUPCS 1 >pin<j !?2A68A1.100 192.168.11.100 icmp_se(i=l time=lS.000mstL92.16S.ll.19Blcnip_seq|=2 timE=14.kiS0ms192.16S.il.100icrops

29、cqi=3 tline =21.808ms1?2,168.11.100icrap_se=4 time-15.000ms192.168.11.190icmp_se(i=5 time=16.000ms/Fa0/1shutdown 后，PC2在一段时间内，出现丢包现象（这段时间判断Fa0/1端口是否Down然后作出相应的决策，使 Fa0/2进入转发状态）JPCS 1 >plnff 192,its-IL.100 i72 * 168.11.130 icnp_se(f=l tineout 192,168.11.100 icnp_se(j=2 t Lneout 1?2.11.10S lcnp_&eq-3 tineouc 12.163.11.109 Lcnp_s：eq=4 tineoiit： 168,11,100 1&咆)-5；3=5 tintontUPGS 1 >pin9 1?2.168.11.100192 -168 . 11 13B icnp_se(i=L ttne