中国文化英语教程Unit_

1、会计学1中国文化英语教程中国文化英语教程Unit_第1页/共64页 Unit 10 The Great Wall第2页/共64页p Lead-inp Text studyp ExercisesContent第3页/共64页Lead-in Do you know the New Seven Wonders of the World? What are they?第4页/共64页Lead-inThe Great Wall of China（长城）第5页/共64页Lead-inPetra, Jordan（约旦佩特拉古城）第6页/共64页Lead-inChrist Redeemer, Brazil（巴

2、西基督像）第7页/共64页Lead-inMachu Picchu, Peru（秘鲁马丘比丘遗址 ）第8页/共64页Lead-inChichen Itza, Mexico （墨西哥奇琴伊察）第9页/共64页Lead-inThe Roman Colosseum, Italy （意大利古罗马斗兽场）第10页/共64页Lead-inTaj Mahal（印度泰姬陵）第11页/共64页p Introductionp Aspiration for Peacep Separation and Integrationp Spirit of the Great WallText studyp Wonder of

3、the Great Wall第12页/共64页Introduction Through more than 2,000 years from the seventh century BC to the 16th century AD, 19 dynasties built parts of the Great Wall, adding up to over 100,000 kilometers.第13页/共64页Introduction The Great Wall of today is mainly the legacy of the Ming-dynasty renovations. T

4、hree major renovations (修复) of the Great Wall took place in the Qin (221-206 BC), Han (206 BC-AD 220), and Ming dynasties. 第14页/共64页IntroductionWith many gaps along the Wall, the 600-kilometer-long section in the northern outskirts (市郊) of Beijing is the best preserved.It meanders (蜿蜒) for 6,700 kil

5、ometers from Jiayu Pass in the western desert to Shanhai Pass on the eastern seashore. 第15页/共64页Aspiration for PeaceThe Great Wall is unparalleled in the world in:ScaleSpan of constructionGreat quantities of laborDegree of difficulty第16页/共64页Aspiration for PeaceWhy did the Chinese build the Great Wa

6、ll?During the reign of the First Emperor of Qin, one out of every 20 people took part in this project. There must be a reason for this ancient nation to build such a wall over a time span of more than 2,000 years. Military defense in the age of cold steel Protection for the southerners from being at

7、tacked by the northerners第17页/共64页Aspiration for PeaceMilitary defense in the age of cold steelThe earliest parts of the Great Wall were built amid incessant wars. Suffering from the devastating damage of wars, people realized that building a wall to protect lives was better than burying the dead in

8、 trenches (深沟).第18页/共64页Aspiration for Peace“北筑长城而守藩篱，却匈奴七百余里，胡人不敢南下而牧马。” 新书过秦“建塞徼、起亭燧、筑外城，设屯戍以守之，然后边境得用少安。” 汉书匈奴传“筑长城，自代并阴山下，至高阙为塞” 史记匈奴列传We can see the military defense of the Great Wall from the following sentences: 第19页/共64页Aspiration for PeaceProtection for the southerners from being attacked b

9、y the northernersThe Great Wall prevented northern peoples on horseback from attacking people in the south who were mostly engaged in farming. It provided the cultivators with a sense of security as well as actual protection, so they could till their lands and harvest their crops in peace.第20页/共64页A

10、spiration for Peace“大兴师征之，则遁逃伏慝，不可得而诛也；师还则寇钞又起； 留卒戍守，则劳费不资，故惟有筑长城以防之。”“然则长城之筑，所以省戍役，防寇钞，休兵而息民者也。”We can see the protection of the Great Wall from the following sentences: 第21页/共64页Separation and Integration长城敌楼长城敌楼An observation and defense tower on the Great Wall第22页/共64页Separation and IntegrationT

11、he geographic structure and climatic patterns of China has led to the development of two distinct cultures from ancient times. The south, with arable (可耕的) land and a warm climate, was suited for agriculture. The north, with pastoral (畜牧的) land and a cold climate, was suited for animal husbandry (饲养

12、业).第23页/共64页Separation and Integration The limited and unstable output of animal husbandry made it necessary for the northern peoples to depend on the agricultural goods of the southern peoples. Historically, invasions of the south by nomadic (游牧的) peoples of the north were often more out of necessi

13、ty than the desire for expansion. 第24页/共64页Separation and IntegrationThe Great Wall provided an effective defense line. The Wall protected the agricultural economy and advanced the mode of production in the south. At the same time, it forced the northern peoples to give up plundering (掠夺) the south

14、and to develop their own civilization.第25页/共64页Separation and Integration The great significance of the Great Wall in the development of Chinese civilization：“Seen from today, if it had not been for the protection of the Great Wall, Chinese civilization would have been interrupted by the northern pe

15、oples in the late Qin or early Han dynasties, long before the Song and Ming dynasties. In that case, there would not have been the prosperity of the Han and Tang dynasties, or the integration of southern and northern peoples.” Sun Yat-sen第26页/共64页Separation and IntegrationThe Great Wall as a new eco

16、nomic structure： In time, economic zones came into being along the Great Wall, especially at its several dozen passes, where people from both sides carried out economic and cultural exchanges. For a long time in history, the agricultural economy in the south and the pastoral economy in the north com

17、plemented and depended on each other through such exchanges. 第27页/共64页Spirit of the Great Wall慕田峪长城一段Part of the Mutianyu section of the Great Wall, in the northern suburbsof Beijing第28页/共64页Spirit of the Great WallThe hardships involved in building the Great Wall are beyond imagination. Numerous pe

18、ople had to leave their homes and families to go north, where they toiled for years. Many lost their lives on the worksites, over a period of more than 2,000 years.第29页/共64页Spirit of the Great Wall The Legend of Lady Mengjiang第30页/共64页Spirit of the Great WallThe heartbroken Lady Mengjiang cried for

19、three days and nights until the Great Wall collapsed one section after another.第31页/共64页Spirit of the Great Wall The Great Wall has become a symbol of consolidation and strength for the Chinese people. It symbolizes that great achievement can be made with a common will and concerted effort. 第32页/共64

20、页Spirit of the Great Wall The national anthem, composed during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1937-1945), called on the people to “build our new Great Wall with our flesh and blood”.Can you cite an example of the spirit of the Great Wall?第33页/共64页Wonder of the Great WallHave you

21、ever been to the Great Wall? What is your impression?第34页/共64页Wonder of the Great Wall清平乐清平乐六盘山六盘山 天高云淡，天高云淡， 望断南飞雁。望断南飞雁。 不到长城非好汉，不到长城非好汉，屈指行程二万。屈指行程二万。 六盘山上高峰，六盘山上高峰，红旗漫卷西风。红旗漫卷西风。今日长缨在手，今日长缨在手， 何时缚住苍龙？何时缚住苍龙？ 毛泽东毛泽东第35页/共64页Wonder of the Great WallThe Simatai section built near Beijing in the Min

22、g Dynasty best represents the undulating (起伏的) and thythmic flow of the Great Wall. As a popular saying has it, Simatai epitomizes (代表) the wonder of the Great Wall for being the most precipitous (陡峻的) part of it.Word tipsThe Simatai section：司马台长城司马台长城独具独具“险、密、奇、巧、全险、密、奇、巧、全”五大特点，位于北京市密云县东北部的古北口镇，是我

23、国唯五大特点，位于北京市密云县东北部的古北口镇，是我国唯一保留明代原貌的古建筑遗址。一保留明代原貌的古建筑遗址。第36页/共64页Wonder of the Great Wall 司马台长城 A precipitous part of the Simatai section of the Great Wall第37页/共64页Wonder of the Great Wall第38页/共64页Wonder of the Great Wall第39页/共64页Wonder of the Great Wall第40页/共64页Wonder of the Great WallThe most brea

24、thtaking parts of the Simatai section are called Cloud Ladder and Heavenly Bridge.The Cloud Ladder is much narrower than the normal width of the Wall (three-to-five meters on average), the narrowest part being only half a meter wide. Up at the top of the Cloud Ladder, one comes to the Heavenly Bridg

25、e, the 100-meter-long narrow belt of wall on the mountain ridge, with deep valleys on either side.第41页/共64页Wonder of the Great WallThe highest point of the Simatai section is Wangjing Tower (望京楼), at an altitude of 986 meters. From here, one can capture a panoramic (全景的) overview of the Great Wall s

26、tretching and winding into the east and west.第42页/共64页Exercisesp Comprehensionp Communicationp Application第43页/共64页ComprehensionI. Skimming and Scanning Go through the passage quickly and judge whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage._ 1) The construction

27、of the Great Wall took more than 2,000 years and involved 19 states._ 2) The driving force for building the Great Wall is to protect lives and peace from wars._ 3) In history, the northern peoples were mostly engaged in farming.FTF第44页/共64页Comprehension_ 4) The Great Wall provided an effective shelt

28、er for the southern troops against the northern cavalry._5) The Great Wall posed a barrier to the communication between the north and the south._6) The spirit of the Great Wall is that of “a common will and concerted effort”.TTT第45页/共64页Comprehension_7) Blockhouses, garrison towns, passes built at s

29、trategic points, and beacon towers are mentioned to show the magnificence and variety of the Great Wall._8) Wangjing Tower is one of the best places to appreciate the beauty of Beijing City.TF第46页/共64页ComprehensionII. Careful Reading1. Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions br

30、iefly.1) How long is the Great Wall at present?2) In which respects is the Great Wall unparalleled? The Great Wall is as long as 6,700 kilometers.The Great Wall is unparalleled in its scale and span of construction, as well as in the great quantities of labor and the degree of difficulty involved.第4

31、7页/共64页Comprehension3) What are Sun Yat-sens quotations used to demonstrate in Paragraph 8? Sun Yat-sens quotations are used in the text to illustrate the great significance of the Great Wall in the development of Chinese civilization.第48页/共64页Comprehension5) What does the Legend of Lady Mengjiang s

32、ymboliz?The Legend of Lady Mengjiang symbolizes the sufferings of the people due to the construction of the Great Wall and their hatred for the tyrannical First Emperor of Qin. 4) What does “a new economic structure” refer to in the last sentence of Paragraph 9?“A new economic structure” in the last

33、 sentence of Paragraph 9 probably refers to the enhancing of agricultural economy in the south and the pastoral economy in the north, and the exchange between the two.第49页/共64页Comprehension2. Read Paragraph 5 and fill in the following table.第50页/共64页ComprehensionKey：第51页/共64页Comprehension3. Put each

34、 of the following into English and then compare your translation with that in the passage.1) 众志成城。Efforts joined by many can build the Great Wall.2) 把我们的血肉，筑成我们新的长城。Build our new Great Wall with our flesh and blood.第52页/共64页Comprehension3) 由今观之，倘无长城之捍卫，则中国亡于北狄，不待宋明而在楚汉时代 矣。如是则中国民族必无汉唐之发展昌大而同化南北之种族也。

35、Seen from today, if it had not been for the protection of the Great Wall, Chinese civilization would have been interrupted by the northern peoples in the late Qin or early Han dynasties, long before the Song and Ming dynasties. In that case, there would not have been the prosperity of the Han and Ta

36、ng dynasties, or the integration of southern and northern peoples.第53页/共64页Communication Lady Mengjiang is a widespread legend about the Great Wall. Songs, plays and operas based on the story have been popular throughout the history of China. A number of temples have been built in memory of her, one

37、 of which at Shanhaiguan still remains in Good condition today. Tell the story of Lady Mengjiang to an oversea student in your class.第54页/共64页ApplicationWrite a passage on Badaling section of the Great Wall. The following information is for your reference.1.most visited;2.approximately 80 km (50 mil

38、es), northwest of urban Beijing City in Yanqing County;3.built during the Ming Dynasty;4.highest point of Badaling is Beibalou, approximately l,015 m (0.63 miles) above sea level.第55页/共64页第56页/共64页 Unit 10 The Great Wall第57页/共64页Introduction The Great Wall of today is mainly the legacy of the Ming-d

39、ynasty renovations. Three major renovations (修复) of the Great Wall took place in the Qin (221-206 BC), Han (206 BC-AD 220), and Ming dynasties. 第58页/共64页Aspiration for PeaceMilitary defense in the age of cold steelThe earliest parts of the Great Wall were built amid incessant wars. Suffering from the devastating damage of wars, people realized that building a wall to protect lives was better than burying the dead in trenches (深沟).第59页/共64页Spirit of the Great Wall慕田峪长城一段Part of the Mutianyu section of the