致用大学英语

1、实训四Part I VocabularyLearn the new words from the table below and choose the best answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.词汇音标词性中文释义例句nail/neIl/n.钉子；指甲，趾甲He hammered the nail into the branch. 他把钉子钉到了树枝上。namely/'neIMLi/ad.即；也就是We need to concentrate on our target audience, namely women aged

2、 between 20 and 30.我们须针对我们的听众对象，即年龄在20到30岁之间的妇女。narrative/'nQrEtIv/n.叙述；讲故事His trip around the world made an interesting narrative.他周游世界的旅行是个很有趣的故事。nasty/'nA:sti/a.令人厌恶的；肮脏的；下流的I dont like the colour theyve chosen for their new carpetit looks really nasty.我不喜欢他们挑的那块新地毯的颜色看着真让人恶心。native /'

3、;neItIv/a.本国的；土著的；原产地的She spoke not only her native language, English, but also French and German. 她不仅讲自己的母语英语，还讲法语和德语。nationality/;nQSE'nQlEti/n.国籍She lives in France but has British nationality.她住在法国，但拥有英国国籍。naturally/'nQtrEli/ad.自然地；当然地；合理地When things go wrong, all of us naturally feel di

4、sappointed and frustrated.出问题时，我们大家自然都感到失望和沮丧。navigation/;nQvI'geISn/n.航行；航海Pack ice is a threat to navigation.浮冰对船只航行构成威胁。navy/'neIvi/n.海军The navy is introducing a new class of warship this year.海军今年要装备新一级的军舰。nearly/'nIEli/ad.几乎；差不多；即将He was nearly hit by a car when he ran across the ro

5、ad.他过马路的时候差点被车撞到。neat /ni:t/a.整洁的；整齐的The students are required to keep their dorms neat. 学生们被要求保持宿舍整洁。necessity/nE'sesEti/n.必要性；必需品Food, clothing and shelter are all basic necessities of life.衣、食、住所是生活的基本必需品。negative /'neGEtIv/a.消极的；否认的In most cases, divorces will have a negative influence o

6、n children. 大多数情况下，离婚会给孩子带来消极的影响。neglect/nI'Glekt/v.疏忽；忽略The woman denied that she had neglected her child. 那位女士否认疏于照管自己的孩子。negotiate/nI'GEUSieIt/v.商议；谈判；协商Weve decided to negotiate with the employers about our wage claim.我们决定就工资问题与雇主谈判。neighbourhood/'neIbEhUd/n.地区；某地区的人We live in a rath

7、er rich neighbourhood.我们住在很富裕的住宅区。network/'netwC:k/n. 网络；网状物CBS, ABC, and NBC are the three big US television networks.哥伦比亚广播公司、美国广播公司和全国广播公司是美国的三大电视网。neutral/'nju:trEl/a.中立的；公平的He holds a neutral position in the debate over gender equality.在关于性别平等的辩论中，他持中立的观点。nevertheless/;nevEDE'les/ad

8、.虽然如此；然而There was no news; nevertheless we went on hoping. 尽管毫无消息，我们仍抱着希望。newly/'nju:li/ad.新近地The newly married couple went to Italy for their honeymoon.这对新婚夫妇去意大利度蜜月。1. He was appointed to the _ established Department of Health and Human Services.A. nearlyB. newlyC. normallyD. justly2. Most mar

9、riages fail after between five and nine years. _, people continue to get married.A. In additionB. AlthoughC. NeverthelessD. Therefore 3. Mobile phone now is a household _. A. component B. instrument C. equipment D. necessity4. Journalists are supposed to be politically _. A. neutral B. critical C. n

10、egative D. aggressive5. The party in office has to _ with the parties out of office over this proposal.A. disagreeB. quarrel C. negotiate D. disputePart II ListeningSection AChoose the right answers for the 5 short conversations from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.1. A. Exercise machines wont do

11、 the woman good.B. its not necessary for the woman to take a fitness training course. C. walking up and down the stairs should follow certain beats. D. the woman should walk up and down the stairs all the time.2. A. The man will change his attitude to the women. B. The boss has done his wrong by acc

12、ident. C. The boss hasnt been hard on the man. D. The woman encouraged the man to revenge.3. A. The womans friend has a better handwriting. B. The mans friend has a better handwriting. C. The woman has a better handwriting. D. The man has a better handwriting.4. A. He doesnt like them. B. He likes t

13、hem very much. C. He doesnt think over them. D. He doesnt watch them.5. A. A fictional story. B. The quit of a shop assistant. C. The search of a reliable witness. D. An unsolved case of robbery.Section BChoose the right answers for the 2 long dialogues from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.Dialog

14、ue 11. A. He is invited to a professors house. B. He wants to quit an informal party. C. He knows little about customs at a dinner party.D. He is not free next Saturday.2. A. Because they may have enough time for taking a shower and the like.B. Because it is a custom in America C. Because they want

15、to enjoy their privacy till the last minute. D. Because they are nervous.3. A. 45 minutes later than the invitation states. B. 15 minutes later than the invitation states.C. 15 minutes later than the invitation states.D. 15 or 30 minutes later than the invitation states.4. A. Through the phone. B. T

16、hrough the mail.C. Through the net. D. Either A or B.Dialogue 21. A. Indifferent. B. Large. C. Important. D. Encouraging.2. A. His childhood experience. B. His time chosen to set up the company.C. His product of personal computer. D. His personal intelligence.3. A. His family members encouragement.

17、B. His friends help C. The hard work of his people working with him.D. The confidence his employee put on him.4. A. He cannot finish college studies. B. He believes the company should be customers-driven. C. He put more emphasis on time. D. He focuses on all new things.Section C Choose the right ans

18、wers for the 2 passages from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.Passage 11. A. He tries to give up easily. B. He may be criticized by someone else.C. He wants to rip others. D. He rises continuously.2. A. The criticism distracts success. B. The more you accomplish, the less you risk being criticized

19、.C. The average people avoid criticism easily. D. The greater the success, the more the criticism.3. A. Doers. B. Achievers. C. Leaders. D. Underachievers.Passage 21. A. To be educated. B. To become scholars.C. To be prepared for the real world. D. To change a college into a society.2. A. To show of

20、f their wider range of knowledge.B. To help students solve their secret little problems.C. To be only responsible for teaching students school subjects.D. To frequently contact with parents.3. A. They are too fond of studies.B. They became star pupils.C. They have abundant knowledge of real human be

21、ings.D. They are not likely to be successful.4. A. We should study hard and learn real knowledge of human beings as well.B. We should mange to become star pupils.C. We should be fully occupied by off campus activities.D. We should become bookworms.Section DFill in the blanks with the exact words you

22、 have just heard.Students pressure sometimes comes from their parents. Most parents are well (1)_, but some of them arent very helpful with the problems their sons and daughters have in (2)_ college, and a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their childrens difficulties.For one thing,

23、parents are often not (3)_ of the kinds of problems their children face. They dont realize that the competition is keener, that the required (4)_ of work are higher, and that their children may not be prepared for the change. (5)_ seeing As and Bs on high school report cards, they may be (6)_ when t

24、heir childrens first semester college grades are below that level. At their kindest, they may gently (7)_ why John or Mary isnt doing better, whether he or she is trying as hard as he or she should, and so on. At their worst, they may (8)_ to take their children out of college or cut off funds. Some

25、times parents regard their children as extensions of themselves and think it only right and natural that they (9)_ what their children do with their lives. In their involvement and identification with their children, they forget that everyone is different and that each person must develop in his or

26、her own way. They forget that their children, who are now young (10)_, must be the ones responsible for what they do and what they are.Section EListen to the film excerpt, and then imitate it with your partner.Out of AfricaKaren: Have you had dinner?Denys: Yes.Karen: Your things, I . I . packed your

27、 things, I thought I would send them on to the club. Is that all right? I think we should have had it this way all the time.Denys: I don t know. I was beginning to like your things.Karen: And I was beginning to like living without them.Denys: Youve ruined it for me, you know?Karen: Ruined what?Denys

28、: Being alone.Karen: Have I?Denys: Id like to come with you to Mombasa. Can I fly you there?Karen: Arent you going away again?Denys: Ill have some things to do tomorrow at Tsavo. But Ill be back on Friday. Would that be all right?Karen: Of course. Ive got these little things that Ive learned to do l

29、ately. When it gets so bad, and I think I can t go on, I try to make it worse, I make myself think about our camp on the river, and Barkeley, and the first time that you took me flying. How good it all was! And when I m certain that I can t stand it, I go one moment more, and I know I can bear anyth

30、ing . Would you like to help me?Denys: Yes.Karen: Come dance with me, then. You were right, you know. The farm never did belong to me.Denys: I may have been wrong.Part III SpeakingSection AFill in the blanks with the sentences in the table and practice the dialogues with your partner.Dialogue 1Harry

31、: Ive been doing a lot of thinking, and the thing isI love you.Sally: _1_Harry: I love you.Sally: _2_Harry: How about you love me, too?Sally: How about Im leaving?Harry: Doesnt what I said mean anything to you?Sally: Im sorry, Harry, I know its New Years Eve, I know youre feeling lonely, but you jus

32、t cant show up here, tell me you love me and expect that to make everything alright. _3_Harry: Well, how does it work?Sally: _4_Harry: How about this way? I love that you get cold when its seventy-one degrees out, I love that it takes you an hour and a half to order a sandwich, I love that you get a

33、 little crinkle above you nose when youre looking at me like Im nuts, I love that after I spend a day with you I can still smell your perfume on my clothes and I love that you are the last person I want to talk to before I go to sleep at night. _5_ I came here tonight because when you realize you wa

34、nt to spend the rest of your life with somebody, you want the rest of your life to start as soon as possible.Sally: You see, that is just like you Harry. You say things like that and you make it impossible for me to hate you. And I hate you Harry . I really hate you.A. I dont know but not this way.B

35、. And its not because Im lonely, and its not because its New Years Eve.C. How do you expect me to respond to this?D. It doesnt work this way!E. What?Dialogue 2Mandy: Oh, look. _1_Lucinda: Alright. Come on. What shall we give this beautiful little child today? _2_Mother: Ella.Lucinda: Ah. Ella of Fre

36、ll. Not a very well-behaved little stinker, is she? Quiet, please. I cant concentrate here. Ella of Frell, I give you the gift of obedience. Now, go to sleep! Now, wake up. _3_Mandy: No! Its terrible! Its a terrible gift to have to do what youre told. Take it back!Lucinda: _4_ And if youre going to

37、be ungrateful, I can always turn her into a squirrel instead. Mother: A squirrel?Mandy: _5_Lucinda: Besides, you should thank me. Ive just given you the perfect child. A. I have a no-return policy.B. Isnt it wonderful?C. Shes back.D. No, obedience is a lovely gift.E. Whats her name again?Section BLi

38、sten to the classic article and imitate, paying attention to the tones and the pronunciation.Word Tipsconceive /kEn'si:v/ v. 构想出，设想；怀孕dedicate /'dedIkeIt/ v.  贡献; 致力proposition /;prOpE'zISn/ n.  提议, 建议consecrate /'kOnsIkreIt/ v.  供神用, 使神圣, 奉献detract /dI&

39、#39;trQkt/ v.  转移; 减损; 使分心; 诋毁; 减损, 降低perish /'perIS/ v.  毁灭, 腐烂, 死亡; 毁坏, 使麻木Gettysburg Address Abraham LincolnFour score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new Nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equ

40、al. Now, we are engaged in a great Civil War, testing whether that Nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who gave their lives that Nation

41、 might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicatewe cannot consecratewe cannot hallowthis ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our power to add or detract. The world will little note

42、 nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated to the great task remaining before us; that from these honored dead, we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion; that

43、this Nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom; and that government of the People，by the People and for the People shall not perish from the earth.Part IV ReadingSection A Select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in the word bank following the passage.When families 1 fo

44、r Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandmas generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress code will be Sunday-best.But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has 2 way to a stoneware (粗陶)-and-stainless informalit

45、y, with dresses assuming an 3 casual-Friday look. For hosts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain, it 4 economic hard times.Last week Royal Doulton, the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, 5 that it is eliminating 1,000 jobsone-fifth of its

46、total workforce. That brings to more than 4,000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (陶瓷) region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia 6 a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshak

47、ing social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in 7 up with the trend” toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat 8 , either because they are single or they eat in front of television.Even dinner parti

48、es, if they happen at all, have gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, rightly, that its better to 9 a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a “real” dinner party. Too often, the perfect moment ne

49、ver comes. Iron a fine-patterned tablecloth? Forget it. Polish the silver? Who has time?Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of etiquette (礼节) that children might once have learned at the table by observation or 10 from parents and grandparents (“Chew with your mouth closed.”

50、 “Keep your elbows off the table.”) must be picked up elsewhere. Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless socially.A. equally B. play C. alone D. announced E. share F. given G. eat H. same I. catching J. putting K. spells L. gather M.

51、 together N. behaviour O. instruction Section B Choose the best answers from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.Passage 1Dear Daughter,College will be the most important years in your life. It is in college that you will truly discover what learning is about. You often question “what good is this co

52、urse”. I encourage you to be inquisitive, but I also want to tell you “education is what you have left after all that is taught is forgotten”. What I mean by that is the materials taught isnt as important as you gain the ability to learn a new subject, and the ability to analyze a new problem. That

53、is really what learning in college is aboutthis will be the period where you go from teacher-taught to master-inspired, after which you must become self-learner. So do take each subject seriously, and even if what you learn isnt critical for your life, the skills of learning will be something you ch

54、erish forever.Do not fall into the trap of dogma. There is no single simple answer to any question. Remember during your high school debate class, I always asked you to take on the side that you dont believe in? I did that for a reasonthings are rarely “black and white”, and there are always many wa

55、ys to look at a problem. This is called “critical thinking”, and it is the most important thinking skill you need for your life. This also means you need to become tolerant and supportive of others. I will always remember when I went to my Ph.D. advisor and proposed a new thesis topic, he said“I dont agree with you, but Ill support you.” After years, I have learned this isnt just flexibility, it is encouragement of critical thinking, an