九年级过去完成时用法讲解

1、九年级过去完成时用法讲解1、概述过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。 它表示动作发 生的时间是“过去的过去。 表示过去某一时间可用 by, before 等构成的短语， 也可用 when, before 等引导的从句或通过上下代表示。His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazine he had long expected. 当她终于收到她盼望已久的杂志时，她兴奋得两眼闪光。By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living b

2、y himself.12 岁时， 爱迪生就开场自己谋生。2、构成过去完成时由"助动词had+过去分词"构成。其否认式、肯定式、疑问式如下表：肯定式 had +PP 否认式 had+not PP疑问式 Had.PP?注意： had not 常简单为 hadn't 。They asked me to have a drink with them and said it was at least ten years sinceI had enjoyed a good drink. 他们请我和他们一起喝酒，并说我自上次喝酒到现在至少十 年了。We had learnt 30

3、 lessons by the end of last month.到上个月末为止，我们已经学了30 课。He said we hadn 't seen each other since I left Beijing.自从我离开，我们还没见过面。3、过去完成时的用法过去完成时的主要用法和现在完成时一样。 不同的是， 过去完成时把时间推移到了 过去某一时间之前，与现在无关。1过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间状语有 by, before 等介词短语或 when, before 等引导的从句。Helen had left her keys in the

4、office so she had to wait until her husband camehome. 海伦把钥匙忘到办公室里了，因此她不得不等她丈夫回来。When we got to the cinema, the film had already begun.当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开场了。He told me that he had visited the Great Wall before.他告诉我他以前参观过长城。By the end of the match, they had kicked 2 goals, and we had kicked 4.比赛完毕时，他们踢进了

5、2 个球而我们踢进了 4 个球。When Jack arrived he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour.杰克到达后得知玛丽走了近一个小时了。2表示动作在过去某一时间之前开场，一直延续到过去的这一时间，而且还可能继续下去的动作，常和 for, since 构成的短语或引导的从句连用。The news came as no surprise to me. I had known for some time that the factory was going to shut down. 听到这个消息我并不感到吃惊。工厂要倒闭这件事我早就

6、知道了。By the time I left the school, he had taught the class for 3 years. 到我毕业时， 他已经教那个班三年了。He said he had made great progress since he came here. 他说自从他来这里他已经取得 了很大进步。3用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句或as if 从句中表示与过去事实相反If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 假设他昨天看到你， 他就会问你这件事了。I should have

7、 called you if I had known your telephone number. 假设我过去知道你的， 我就给你打了。He described the scene as if he had been there. 他描绘的风光如同他去过那里一样。 Had I known that you wanted the book, I would have sent it. 如果我知道你要这本书， 我会送来的。4表示假设的宾语从句放在像 said ， told ， asked ， thought ， wondered 等过去时动词的后面，表示在这些动作发 生之前已经发生了的事情。My

8、friend told me that he had passed the exam. 我的朋友告诉我，他已通过了考试。 He asked me whether I had seen the film the night before. 他问我头一天晚上是否看 过那部电影。She wondered who had left the door open. 她想知道谁敞着门的。5用在"It was the first/second/thirdtime that "句型中在此句型中，主句用了一般过去时， that 引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。This was the first

9、 time they had met in thirty-nine years.这是 39 年里他们第一次见面。It was the first time we had spoken together.这是我们第一次在一起说话。 6 intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等动词的过去完成时可以表示一个本来打算做而没有做的事这种结构也可以表示过去未曾实现的设想、意图或希望等，含有某种惋惜。I had intended to call on you yesterday, but I had an unexpected visit

10、or.我本来昨天打算要去看你，但我来了个不速之客。We had meant to tell her the news but found that she wasn' t in. 我们本想把这个消息告诉她的，但发现她不在家。 7 过去完成时常用结构有“hardly, scarcely, barely when, no sooner than 等副词的句子里。She hardly had gone to bed when the bell rang.他刚睡下铃就响了。2/ 8D. where had IC did,C. hada lot of D.他们刚刚离开大楼，一颗No sooner

11、 had they left the building than a bomb exploded. 炸弹就爆炸了。 8当 before , after, as soon as等引导的从句里的动作与主句的动作紧接时，由于这些连词本身已经说明了两个动作发生的先后关系，因此两个动作均可用一般过去时表示。 We had breakfast after we did morning exercises.做完早操之后，我们吃早饭。The train started to move just before we reached the station.我们到车站时火车刚开动。As soon as they

12、got there, they started to study.他们一到那里就开场学习了。过去完成时练习1. 单项选择1 He asked me _A_ during the summer holidays.A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been gone2. What _D_ Jane by the time he was seven?A. did, do B. has, done did. D. had, done3. I _C_ 900 English words by the time I was ten

13、。A. learned B. was learning learned D. learnt4. She _A_lived here for years.A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, has,a great deal of5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _A_ the dinner already.A hadcookedB.cookedC.havecookedD. was cooked6. She said she_D_ the principle alreadyA .hasse

14、enB.sawC.willseeD. had seen7. She said her family _Bthemselvesthe army during the war.A. has hidden, fromB. had hidden, from C. has hidden,withD. hadhidden, withB. has8. By the time he was ten years old, he _DA. has completed university completed the universityD. had completedB. had completed an uni

15、versity university9. She had written a number of books _C_ the end of last year.A. forB. inC.byD. at10. He _B_ to playbefore he was 11 years old.A had learned, pianoB. had learned,the pianoC. has learned, the pianoD. learns ,piano.11. What _DAnnieby the time he was ten?A. did,doB.did,didC.has,doneD.

16、 had done12 .He _C_ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.A. has workedB. worksC. had workedD.will work13. By the end of last week, they _D_ the bridge.A. has completedB. completedC. will completeD. hadcompleted14. Ben hates playing _D violin,but he likes playingfootball.A.a theB.

17、thetheC./ theD. the /15. By the time he was 4,he _Aa lot of German words.A.hadlearnedB.haslearnedC.learnedD.learns16 .Jim turned off the lights and then _D_ the classroom.A.wasleftB.hadleftC.hasleftD. left17.They Cin Guangzhou since 2000.A.livedB.hadlivedC.havelivedD. were living18. The train from B

18、eijing_C ten minutes ago.A.hasarrivedB.wasarrivingCarrivedD. had arrived19. The students _Btheir classroom when the visitors arrived.A . havecleanedB. had cleanedC. was cleanedD. have beencleaned20. Fergie_B the project in one hour.A.havefinishedB.willfinishC.finishesD. has finished21. The man _A_ h

19、is coat and went out.A.putonB.hadputonC.willputonD. was putting on22 My motherin that factory at the age of 18A. had workedB. has workedC.workedD. works23. Dad _Cwhile he TV.A.fellasleep watchB.wasfallingasleep watchedC. fell asleep was watch ingD. had falle n asleepwatched2. 用动词的适当形式填空1. We _had pa

20、inted (paint) the house before we moved(move) in.2. That rich old man _had made_ (make) a will before he died(die).3. They _had studyed_ (study) the map of the country before they _left_ (leave).4. The robbers _had run away (run away ) before the policemen arrived (arrive).5. I _turned off (turn off

21、) all the lights before I _went_ (go) to bed.6. Paul went (go) out with Jane after he _made (make) a phone call.7. Tom _said_ (say) he had read (read) the book twice.8. Our plan failed_ (fail ) because we _had made (make) a bad mistake.9. Whenthe chairman _finished (finish) speaking, he left (leave)

22、thehall.10. The Reads were having (have) lunch when I _got(get) to their house.11. When I _arrived(arrive) at the station, he _had left(leave).12. We had learned_(learn)about 4000 English words by the end of last term.13. I waited until he _finished(finish) his homework.14. We were surprised at what

23、 she _hadalready _done(do)15.She _didn't go_(not go) to Qingdao because she _had went (go) therebefore.16. He _hasn't told (not tell) you the news yet.17. He said he _hadalready_given_(give) the book to the teacher.18. I have been(be) to Shanghai before.19. She told me she _had been(be) to S

24、anya three times.20.She _was playing(play) the guitar while her sister_wassinging(sing).3句型转换1 I had sold the ticket when she came.改否认句I did not have sold the ticket when she came.改否认句2.She had sung a song to us before she danced.She didn't have sung a song to us before she danced.3. They began

25、to climbed the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink. 否They did not begin to climbed the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink.4. By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. 改一般疑问Had you been very hungry by 10:00 am?5. Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.改

26、一般疑问Had lucy already completed the project when I arrived.6. By the time he got to the airport, the plane had taken off. 改一般疑问Had th eplane taken off by the time he got to the airport?7. He had broken his arm when I saw him.对划线局部提问How was he when you saw him?8.When he had read the note, he ate it.对划

27、线局部提问What did he do when he had the note?9. Jack didn ' t go to the cinema because he had seen the film.对划线局部提问Why did Jack not go to the cinema?10. We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child.对划线局部提问How long did you have had the toys before you gave them to the child?11.S

28、he had written the book by the end of 1960.对划线局部提问What had she written by the end of 1960?12. We cooked the dumplings. We ate them up.用过去完成时连接两句We ate the dumplings after we had cooked them.13. Jim ' s father mended the car. Itwas broken.用过去完成时连接两句The car had broken before Jim's father manded it.用过去完成时连接两句 )14. We had our tests. Then we had a long holiday.(Af