教学设计(第八、九课时)

1、Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsGrammar主备人： 俸桂美一、 内容及其解析这一课时主要学习的内容是语法：名词性从句作主语。通过复习已经学习过的复合句：宾语从句来导入新课，分析英语中主语从句在句中的两种结构和主语从句的连接词的选用，使学生能辨认主语从句及逐步熟悉其用法。.二、目标及其解析目标定位：1、能辨认主语从句；2、掌握主语从句在句中作主语的两种结构；3、能正确选择主语从句在句中的引导词。目标解析：1、能辨认主语从句指的是知道什么是主语从句。2、掌握主语从句在句中作主语的两种结构指的是能知道主语从句在句中做主语的两种结构。3、能正确选

2、择主语从句在句中的引导词指的是知道主语从句的引导词。三、问题诊断及分析1、学生混淆主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。解决对策：引导将三种复合句进行对比分析。2、学生不能正确选择主语从句的引导词。解决对策：引导学生用“发现法”找出与法规律，从简至繁，通过变式练习巩固加深。四、教学支持条件：多媒体（能更好的展示教学内容）五、教学过程：问题一：英语中的主语从句在句中作主语有哪两种结构?1主语从句位于句首。Eg: Who kept the door open all night was unknown. 不知道是谁让门整晚开着。2主语从句位于句尾，使用it作形式主语。it作形式主语置于句首的结构(1)“I

3、tbe形容词that clause”结构，常用于这种句型的形容词有：fortunate，possible，(un)likely，strange，probable，true，certain等。Eg: It is strange that no one wants to go there.真奇怪，竟然没有人想要去那里。(2)“Itbe名词词组that clause”结构，常用于这种句型的名词及名词词组有：an honour，a pity，a shame，no wonder，no surprise等。Eg: It is a pity that he cant attend the party. 真遗

4、憾，他不能参加晚会。Its no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们队赢了比赛，这一点也不惊讶。(3)“Itbe过去分词that clause”结构，常用于这种句型的过去分词有：said，believed，reported，proved，decided，known等。Eg: It is known to all that money cant grow on the tree. 众所周知，钱不会长在树上。(4)Itseems/appears/happens等不及物动词that clause。Eg:It seems that it

5、 is going to rain soon. 天看起来马上要下雨了。(5)Itdoesnt matter (makes no difference，etc.)连接代词/连接副词引导的主语从句。Eg: It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里召开会议并不重要。注意：当主语从句放在句尾而用形式主语时，形式主语只能用it，而不能使用this，that等代词。问题二:主语从句的连接词可以分为哪三类？1连词that，whether连接词that本身没有意义，不作句子成分，只起引导作用，位于句首时，that不能省略。Eg:

6、That light travels in straight lines is known to all. 众所周知，光线直线运行。whether尽管不充当句子成分，但是含有“是否”的意思，可以加上or not，其语意不变。Eg: Whether well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.我们明天是否去野营取决于天气。2what，who(m)，which，whose，when，where，why，how这一类连接词除了引导主语从句之外，在从句中又分别起代词、副词或形容词的作用，在从句中分别作主语、宾语、表语、状语和定语。因此，what，wh

7、o(m)，which又称为连接代词；when，where，why，how又称为连接副词；whose，which，what又称为连接形容词。Eg: Who will do it doesnt matter.谁来做这件事并没有关系。(连接代词who在从句中作主语)Where the library is to be built has not been decided yet.图书馆将要建在哪里还未确定。(连接副词where在从句中作地点状语)3whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever，whenever，wherever，howeverwhatever等连接词与wha

8、t等连接代词的用法一样，不含疑问意义，只是具有较强的语意，有“凡是，不管，无论”等意思。whenever等连接词也是如此。Eg: Whatever he said wasnt true. 他说的任何事情都不是真的。Wherever you are is my homemy only home.你在哪里哪里就是我的家我惟一的家。注意： (1)从句作主语谓语动词常用单数，但如果 what 引导的从句作主语，后跟名词作表语时，谓语动词则由表语名词的数量决定。Eg: What he told me is true.他告诉我的是真的。What he saw were some new comers.他看

9、见的是些新来的人。(2)It is said that sb.do sth.的复合句形式可转化为简单句sb.be said to do sth.，而且在简单句中常考查 to do 的具体形式。(3)it 引导的强调句与 it 作形式主语的复合句的区别。it 引导的强调句是用来对句中除谓语外某一成分加以强调，其结构为“It is/was被强调部分that/who.”。如果被强调的主语是“人”，则可用 who 或 that，如果被强调的部分是其他成分时，必须用 that。Eg: It was I that/who met John in the street yesterday.是我昨天在街上遇到

10、了约翰。(强调主语)It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film.你没去看电影很可惜。(主语从句，形式主语it)变式练习：(1)_young people see and hear in the media helps them to figure out how the world works. A. Which B. ThatC. What D. How【解析】选C。考查主语从句。句意：年轻人通过媒体听到的和看到的事情帮助他们了解周围的世界是如何运转的。“young people see and hear in the media”中动词se

11、e和hear缺少宾语，因此空白处应填What。(2)Is it harmful if the news spreads?Im not sure. It remains to be seen _ it will be harmful.A. that B. which C. whether D. what【解析】答案C whether引导主语从句，表示“是否”。句意为：如果消息传播出去会有不好的影响吗？我不确定。它是否会有不利影响还有待于观察。(3)_ China will become stronger is certain.A. 不填 B. That C. What D. As【解析】答案B

12、考查that引导的主语从句。that在从句中不作任何成分，只起引导作用，置于句首时，that不能省略。(4)_ is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift.A. Which B. What C. That D. It【解析】答案B句意为：给所有的孩子机会发展他们的特殊才能显然是对的。what在它引导的主语从句中作主语。六、课后小结：这一课时主要涉及本单元重点语法：主语从句，分析了主语从句的结构、连接词及用法。七、目标检测: 哪些句子是主语从句1. It

13、is certain that Miss Smith will do well in the final exam.2. We thought it strange that Tims father did not come here yesterday.3. The problem is that no one can replace him in teaching English.4. I dont believe they have finished their work yet.5. Has it been decided where the players will perform

14、the experiment？6. They were all very much worried over the fact that you lost heart when you failed in the exam.答案: 1、5八、 配餐作业A组：1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. If C. That D. Whether解析：选C。考查名词性从句。that 引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分；what引导主语从句时充当句中成分；if不能引导主语从句；whether引导的主语从句应是肯定句。由语意可知C项正

15、确。2.Mary looks down today. What is up?Well，_ happened between Mary and me is none of your business. A. wherever B. whoever C. whatever D. no matter what解析：选C。whatever引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。3. _ has helped to save the drowning girl is well worth praising.A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever解析: 选D本句的意思是:任何一

16、个救了那个溺水的姑娘的人都应该受到表扬。选项中的词引导主语从句又作从句的主语，只有whoever能满足这一条件，它可以解释为:the one who或anyone who，故选D项。4. _Obama was elected president of the USA is a big success for the blacks in America. A. 不填 B. That C. What D. As解析：选B。考查复合句。句意：奥巴马当选为美国总统对美国黑人而言是一个巨大的成功。That Obama was elected president of the USA 是主语从句，that

17、在从句中没有实义，本身不作句子成分。5. Does it matter much _ the manager wont attend the meeting here tomorrow?I have no idea.A. where B. what C. when D. that解析:本句的意思是“销售部经理不参加会议有关系吗？”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是由that引起的从句，它并不充当句子成分。故选D项。B 组:1._matters most in learning English is enough practice.A. WhatB. Why C. Where D. Which解析：

18、答案A 本题考查名词性从句的用法。根据句子的分析，_matters most in learning English是主语部分，is enough practice是谓语部分。再分析主语部分，发现缺少的是主语，指的是事情，所以应该用一个代词what。2._worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.A. ThisB. That C. What D. It解析：答案D 考查代词it的用法。用做形式主语。真正的主语是the way。3._parents say and do has a lifelong effect on their childre

19、n.A. ThatB. Which C. WhatD. As解析：答案：C考查名词性从句。所填词引导主语从句，引导词作从句的宾语，指物；用what。4._ is Britain now used to be three different countries and over many years the three countries became one.A. It B. What C. Where D. When解析: 答案B这是一个由and连接的并列句。第一部分的意思是“现在是大不列颠的地方曾经是三个不同的国家”。主语是由what引起的主语从句，what意思相当于the place t

20、hat。所以答案为B项。5._ I dont understand is _ they have got into trouble.A. That；that B. What；that C. What；what D. That；why解析：答案B what引导主语从句，在从句中作understand的宾语；that引导表语从句。6. Please remember_wins your respect is not your background but your knowledge and virtues.A. thatB. what C. whichD. where解析：答案：B考查主语从句。

21、句意为：请记住，为你赢得尊重的不是你的背景，而是你的知识和美德。题干中remember之后为宾语从句，其中，what wins your respect又为主语从句。7. It is uncertain _ side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.A. thatB. what C. howD. whether解析：答案：B句意为：尽管说已经有大约两千名病人服用了这种药品，但是，这种药品会带来什么副作用还不明确。本题考查名词性从句。本题设空处须引导主语

22、从句，that 无实际意义，在从句中不作成分；what 什么，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语，还可修饰名词作定语；how 如何，多么；在从句中作方式状语或修饰形容词；whether 是否，在从句中作状语，不修饰名词。side effect 为名词短语，故须用what 修饰。8. It makes his life quite different_he has received education abroad.A. thatB. which C. whatD. how解析：答案：A 考查连词。it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语，that不可以省略。从句部分主谓宾成分齐全，可以排除

23、B、C；how表方式，不符合语境。C组1._ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to the key universities.A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because解析: 答案B was 之前的部分是主语从句，由what引导，并作主语;was之后的部分是表语从句，由that引导来说明原因，但它不作句子成分。2._ my dear teacher couldnt understand was _

24、 fewer and fewer middle school students showed interest in her lessons.A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that解析: 答案A整个句子的意思是“老师不明白为什么越来越少的学生对他的课感兴趣”。was 之前的部分是主语从句，由what引导，并作主语;was之后的部分是表语从句，由why引导。答案是A项。3. _medicine works in a human body is a question_ not everyone can understand fully. A. How; that B. That；wh