新概念三册lesson34笔记

1、Lesson 34 A happy discovery 一、单词讲解 New words and expressions antique n. 古董，古玩a piece of furniture, jewel etc. that was made a very long time ago and is therefore valuable ) an antique shop an antique dealer antiquated adj. 过时的 (old -fashioned and out of date) an antiquated idea obsolete 过时的，废弃的 obso

2、lete weapons 武器obsolesce nt adj.即将过时的 an obsolescent style 即将过时的款式 fascination n. 魅力，迷惑力= the power of fascinating 常与 for/over/on 连用 have fascination for sb 固定句势结构-Cats have unfailing fascination for most people.-Chinese Art has great fascination for me.fascinate: attract or interest very strongly 使

3、着迷，常 用被动形式-Cats never fail to fascinate human being.-English never fail to fascinate students.fascinated by / with sth-He is fascinated with chess.-The students were fascinated by his idea.Charm 比 fascinate 语气要弱-The beautiful picture charms me.-I am charmed by the beautiful picture.Captivate 迷惑 ，使着迷

4、-His idea captivated me.Enchant 使迷惑， 用魔法迷惑 ，使心醉，使喜悦be enchanted by / be enchanted with-She wasenchanted by the flower you sent her.Fascinate / charm / captivate / enchant 后接加 ing 变 成形容词Fascinating / charming / captivating / enchanting-She is a charming girl.-Cats are fascinating animals.-The flowers

5、 are enchanting.Winning 吸引人的，主要指物品-The beautiful dresses is winning.forbidding adj. 望而生畏的，望而却步的=having a frightening or unfriendly or danger look.having a unfriendly appearance; threateningeg. Despite her forbidding manners, she' s actkind person.尽管她的举止看上去令人畏惧， 可实际上是个很 善良的人。Eg.He has got a forbi

6、dding appearance.Eg.We'd better not visit the forbidding coast.a forbidding look令人畏惧的眼神a forbidding task困难的任务a forbidding mountain险峻的山峰a forbidding appearance 让人胆惧的外表a forbidding eyes让人畏惧的眼神a forbidding shop昂贵的让人却步的商场Purple Forbidden City/Forbidden City 紫禁城 forbidden fruit 禁果Forbidden zone 禁区For

7、bid 不允许 forbid forbade forbiddenforbid sb to sth 禁止某人做某事Forbid sb to do sth-The father forbad his children to touch the clavichord.Forbid doing sth-Smoking is forbidden here.Forbid / prohibit / interdictForbid : 政府或私人下令以禁止-Swimming is forbidden here.Prohibit : 法律条文或官方明令禁止prohibit sb from doing sth (

8、by rules and by law)eg. Prohibit any one from selling nuclear weapons.-The law prohibits young people under 18 from going tobar.Interdict : 法律或教会所不允许Keep sb from doingeg. Keep children from swimming in the river!stop sb from doingprevent sb (from) sth 阻止，妨碍eg. His broken leg prevented him from atten

9、ding a party.ban: to say that sth must not be done 明令禁止， 绝对不能 做某事eg. Smoking is banned in the building.eg. His driving license was suspended and he was bannedfrom driving for 3 months.declare a ban on 宣布禁止eg. Declare a global ban on nuclear tests. 宣布全球范围内禁止核试验。boycott 联合抵制购买(to refuse to buy sth; us

10、e sth or take part in sth as a wayof protesting)eg. Animal lovers boycott all products tested on animals. 动物保护主义者联合抵制购买任何以动物做实验的产 品。embargo 禁止与某国有贸易往来，禁运，封港( to stop trade with another country by an official order )cqluaimtepadown on : 取缔，镇压eg. Clamp down on illegitimate government.muster v. 鼓起，鼓足Co

11、llect / summonMuster up / Collect up / summon up = gather / pluck up/ keep up 鼓起，振奋-He mustered up his courage and walked up to the girl. muster up courage 鼓起勇气 muster up support 请求支持 muster up energy 鼓足精力 muster up spirit 打起精神eg. He mustered support for his plan. 他请求对他的计划 予以支持。gather up confidence

12、拿出自信 pluck up courage鼓起勇气work up strength鼓足力气screw up courage鼓足力气pretentious adj. 爱夸耀的，自命不凡的，虚饰的( trying to seem more important or clever than you really are ) 记忆方法( pretend-> pretentious )-We won' t like to visit the pretentious shop. pretentious language 浮华的语言 pretentious speech 华而不实的演讲 ost

13、entations adj.(贬)夸耀和爱卖弄的a pompous, ostentations professor 一个自大而又夸耀学 识的教授put on airs摆架子strike a pose装腔作势put up a big front摆阔Labyrinth n. 迷宫(a net work of narrow twisting passages or paths that meet and cross each other and which makes it difficult to find one's way)a labyrinth of long paths 像迷宫一样

14、的乡间小路 mazea maze of streets 错综复杂的马路 a maze of paths错综复杂的乡间小路a maze of wires错综复杂的线路be in a maze 困惑，迷茫(in a wondering state of mind, not knowing what is going on)eg. I am in a maze about future. be in a dilemma 进退两难(a different choice to be made between two things) eg. I am in a dilemma about the job

15、offer. to be the meat in the sandwich 左右为难 eg. The hen-pecked husband is in the sandwich.这位惧内的丈夫左右为难。 musty 散发着陈腐味的( having a damp and unpleasant smell) musty rooms musty book musty bread musty fooddecayed adj. 变腐烂了，变质了 stale ：陈的 ( not fresh )stale bread 陈的面包 a stale job 乏味的工作 stereotyped adj. 老一套的，

16、过了时的 routineadj. 平淡乏味的clicheadj. (un cha nging idea or expressi on) 老生常谈，陈词滥调的Assorted adj. 各式各样的 =various types mixed together assorted / different / various different : 强调此事物与彼事物完全不同 -The word glare is different from that word slare.Various : 各种各样的 all kinds of 强调种类不同-We have got various books.In

17、every part / all parts / various parts of the world 在 世界各地Assorted : various types mixed together-Assorted chocolates 什锦巧克力-He bought a bagof assorted fruit.Diverse 强调性质不同-We have got diverse opinion. rarity n. 珍品，稀少，少见的人或东西eg. A man over a hundred years old is rarity.eg. Rain is a rarity in Egypt.

18、雨在埃及十分罕见。 master piece 杰作 a rare object 一件珍品tour de force 力作，杰作，不朽的作品junk : sth of no usejunk food (rich in fat) 破烂货，废品 a junk dealer 收破烂的 rubbish / garbage / trash / junk rubbisheg. Don ' t talk rubbish!1说废话了！ trash amgarbage (多用于厨房里垃圾 )( waste material , such as paper or food , thrown away ) l

19、itter : waste paper or containers esp. left on the ground in a public place litter baglitter bug 垃圾虫(到处乱扔垃圾的家伙)refuse 'refjus n.废品litter vt.杂乱的布满eg. Books littered the floor. 地板上到处都是书。 be littered witheg.The dest is littered with assorted magazines. 桌上到处布满了各式各样的杂志。eg.The road is littered with ci

20、garette ends and some empty beer bottles.eg. The road was littered with assorted stones. dedicate adj. 专心致志的very interested and working harda dedicated sportsman 一个热忱的体育运动专家 a dedicated musician 一个专心致志的音乐家 devoted adj. 忠诚忠贞的 a devoted wife 一个忠诚的妻子 a devoted couple 真心相爱的一对 delicate adj. 细腻的 white del

21、icate fingers 细腻洁白的手指 delicate food 美味的食品 dealer n. 专门从事某一种商品经营的商贩 businessman / trader / merchant / tradesman dealer 侧重于零售，相当于 tradesman a car dealer 汽车销售商 a junk dealer 收破烂的 peddler 小贩 peddler: a person who sells dangerous or unlawful drugs.贩卖危险品或非法药品的人 a drug peddler 毒贩子 vendor (a seller of small

22、 articles that can be carried about ) 沿街销售的商贩hawker n. (沿街叫卖的 ) 货郎( someone who carries goods from place to place and tries to sell them ) tradesman n. 生意人 ,买卖人 merchant n. ( 做大生意的 )生意人 the merchant of venice wholesaler 批发商 retailer n. 零售商 cherish vt. 期望，渴望 =entertain or keep hope , love etc. in min

23、d deeply 1) 珍视 cherish the friendship cherish the life cherish the opportunity2) 心中怀有，心中拥有-she cherishes the hope that her son will return.-Don' t cherish such illusion幻影.-Don' t cherish the illusion that your father will always pay your debts 借款 .抱有这样的一个念头珍视记忆抱有幻想cherish the wish cherish th

24、e hope cherish the dream cherish the ideas cherish the memories cherish the illusion cherish deep resentment 怀有深深的仇恨eg. The mother always cherished the hope that she couldfind her long -lost son.ample adj. 十分充足而有余的 (enough or more than enough)Amply adv. 足够地ample time ample evidenceample spaceamplifi

25、er 扩音器magnifier 放大镜Ample / enoughEnough 数量，程度足够-The bread is just enough for one meal.-He is oldenough to go to the party.Sufficient : enough 足够的 只放在名词前Enough 可放在名词前或后-We have sufficient food to last one week.-We have enough food / food enough to last one week.Sufficiently 只放在被修饰词前Old enough / suffi

26、ciently oldAdequate : just enough 刚刚好 数量和质量上的满足adequate money-The performance is adequate.-Don' t be worried .They have gotten ample time.Ample / adequate / sufficient / enough-Whatever you do, you must put your heart into it. And then,someday you will be rewarded amply.plentiful: more than enou

27、gh (数量上)充足的a plentiful supply of foodabundant 富足的abundant resources 资源富足mere adj. 仅仅，单单，只要，只是he lost the election by a mere 20 votes.eg. Don ' t be angry. it ' s a mere joke.eg. Your meeting us was a mere accident.eg. I pick up the walk -man for a mere 30 RMB.merely adv. onlyeg. Alf merely t

28、old her that he worked for the corporation. prise v. Br 撬 prize v. Am/pryprize sth off 把撬掉prize sth up 把 撬开/prize sth aparteg. Eventually i prized the lid off with a knife.prize the box open 把盒子撬开prize sth out 设法套出话来( to get information from someone with difficulty or by using force )eg. It took me

29、half an hour to prize the address out of him. 我用了一个小时的时间才从他那套出地址。daggern .短剑，匕首look daggers at (to look at sb angrily )怒目圆睁 sword 长剑put sb to the sword ( to kill sb with a sword ) miniature adj .小型的mini ature camera 小型照相机 mi niature railway微型铁路mini ature garde n微型花园mini ature pain ti ng 微型画 mi ni-小m

30、i nibusmi nicab 小的出租车min iskirtcompose v.构成，构思，组成 be composed ofcon sist ofeg. Water is composed of hydroge n and oxyge pose a letter构思一封信compose a poem赋诗一首compose a speech写一个演讲稿compose a song作曲compositi on作曲；构思；文早(a piece of music or art or a poem)二、课文讲解Antique shops exert a peculiar fascinati

31、on on a great many people.古玩店对许多人来说有一种特殊的魅力。语言点：句子结构分析：这句话的主体结构非常简单，exerton的本意是 对施加”，在本句中引申为 对某人具有吸引力”。fasci natio nexert a peculiar fascination on sb 对某人有一种特殊的魅力Antique shops appeal to a great many people. 古玩店很吸 引人。Shoe shops exert a peculiar fasci nati on on a great many ladies.鞋店对于很多女士来讲，具有一种很特殊的

32、魅力。hold fasc in ati on for sb/have fasci nati on sbeg. High mountains hold a peculiar fasc in ati on for me. fasci nate vt.eg. Cats n ever fail to fasc in ate huma n bein gs.eg. With the advent of E-age, Internet exerts a peculiar fasci nati on on tee nagers.The more expensive kind of antique shop w

33、here rare objects are beautifully displayed in glass cases to keep them free from dust is usually a forbidd ing place.高档一点的古玩店为了防尘，把文物漂亮地陈列在玻璃柜子里，那里往往令人望而却步。语言点1:句子结构分析:where引导定语从句，修饰antique shop,即 "啲古董店”。To keep them freefrom dust是动词不定式短语，作目的状语，即 放在玻璃柜子里的目的是防尘”。语言点2:keep sth.free from的意思是 使某物避

34、免 ” 首先抓主干： The more expe nsive kind of an tique shop is usually a forbiddi ng place.高档一点的古玩店往往是令人望而却步的地方。where为关系副词，引导个定语从句，修饰an tiqueshop; to keep them free from dust 作目的状语；free fromdust作keep的宾语补足语。Rare objects文物，稀有珍品可以用Rarity来代替。glass case玻璃柜子,罩子show case橱窗book case书架pack ing case货箱knife case刀架gla

35、sses case眼睛盒man in a suitcase经常出差的人a con sta nttraveler esp. for workKeep sb or sth free from（29 课）You can ' t keep yourselves free from anxieties like tramps.你是不能够像约翰一样不受烦恼的侵扰的。We put our books in bookcase to keep them free from dust. 我们把书放进书柜目的不落上灰尘。But no one has to muster up courage to enter

36、 a less prete ntious an tique shop.而对不太装腔作势的古玩店，无论是谁都不用壮着胆子 才敢往里进。语言点1:句子结构分析:to enter a less pretentious antique shop 作目的状语， 意思是 为了进不太装腔作势的古玩店 ”。语言点2: muster up courage to do sth.的意思是 鼓起勇气做某事”。The forbiddi ng an tique shop is prete ntious.二三两句包含强烈明显的对比。The more expe nsive kind of clothi ng shop is

37、usually a forbiddi ng place. But no one has to muster up courage to enter a less pretentious clothing shop.一种高档的服装店往往是令人望而却步的，但是当我们 走进一家普普通通的不是矫揉造作的普通商店的时候 却不必鼓足勇气。a less prete ntious an tique shopa more expensive kind of antique shop 一正一反，一褒一 贬less: not as much 没那么，不怎么 less expensive： (compare-chea

38、p) no less than：不少于，多达eg. The book has been translated into no less than 40 Ian guages.less tha n helpfu I (not at all helpful)less tha n successfu I (not at all successful)less tha n perfect (not at all perfect)eg. The operati on is less tha n successful.in less tha n no time: very quicklyneither l

39、ess nor more than 与 几乎相同little less than 简直就是 nothing less than 根本就是eg. What he said was nothing less tha n a lie.There is always hope that in its labyri nth of musty, dark, disordered rooms a real rarity will be found amongst the piles of assorted junk that litter the floors.人们还常常有希望在发霉、阴暗、杂乱无章、迷宫般

40、的 店堂里，从杂乱地摆放在地面上的、一堆堆各式各样的 破烂货里找到一件稀世珍品。语言点1:句子结构分析：第一个that引导同位语从句，解 释说明hope,意思是“的希望”第二个that引导定语从 句，修饰junk ,即卩堆在地上的破烂货”语言点2:musty,dark,disordered这三个单词并列放在中 心词rooms前面作定语，目的是为了强调找出所谓稀世珍品”的不易。There is always hope that人们怀有希望We cherish the hope thatYou must cherish the hope that one day you will be amply

41、 rewarded.eg. There is always hope that one day you will be amply rewarded after long hard work.人们总是怀有希望能在长期辛苦工作之后，最终得 到极大的回报。eg. There is always hope that near Peking University a forged diploma will be bought.在北大附近总希望买到一份假毕业证书。amon gst: amongamong other things 尤其，格夕卜 among others尤其，格夕卜eg. I am fon

42、d of pop music among others. litter the floorPieces of paper litter the floor. / The floor is littered with pieces of paper.地面上到处都是纸。marry sbbe marry to sbin terview sbNo one discovers a rarity by cha nee.无论是谁都不会一下子就发现一件珍品。语言点：句子结构分析：by chanee为方式状语，说明找到 珍品"的方式。by chance/by accident 偶然的eg. No on

43、e can succeed by chanee. 没有人随随便便成功。 by any cha nee: used to ask politely whether sth is true是不是，可不可能（非常礼貌，得体 的询问对方）eg. Are you Mrs. Smith, by any cha nee?A truly dedicated searcher for art treasures must have patienee, and above all, the ability to recognize the worth of someth ing whe n he sees it.

44、一个到处找便宜的人必须具有耐心，而且最重要的是看到珍品时要有鉴别珍品的能力。语言点1:句子结构分析:a truly dedicated这三个词的排 列顺序符合多个修饰词修饰一个中心词的用法。语言点2:above all的意思是首先”在句中作插入语， 用于加强句子的语气。Dedicated / concen tratedA truly dedicated pers on.-He is a truly dedicated scholar.-He is a truly dedicated En glish lear ner.Above all : most importa nt of all最重要的

45、是。承上启下。用来加强语气。The ability to do someth ingtrue->trulyterrible ->terriblya truly dedicated love hunter个真心的潜心寻找爱情的人a truly dedicated En glish lear ner一个真心的一心一意要学好英语的人above all首先，最重要的/first of all/before all othersto begi n with首先in the first place首先，第一To do this, he must be at least as kno wledg

46、eable as the dealer.要做到这一点，他至少要像古董商一样懂行。语言点：句子结构分析：这个句子的核心结构即must be asas，意思是 必须像 一样"。To do this :in order to discover a raritykno wledgeableadj.有丰富知识的，博学的learned ?:nidadj.有学冋的eruditeadj.饱读诗书的in formedadj.有知识的，见闻广博的literateadj.难度会写的uni etteredadj.未受过良好教育的illiterateadj.目不识丁的，大老粗，文盲的Like a scient

47、ist bent on making a discovery, he must cherish the hope that one day he will be amply rewarded.他必须像一个专心致志进行探索的科学家那样抱有这 样的希望，即终有一天，他的努力会取得丰硕的成果。语言点：句子结构分析：that引导同位语从句，解释说明 hope是什么。Like a scie ntist bent on making a discoveryben t on过去分词短语，作定语修饰scie ntist。be bent on致力于 ，一心一意要做 Be nt on / bent upo n决心

48、于。形容词短语做定语修饰scie ntist-He is bent on winning the game.-He is bent on becoming a bridge player.Be bent on doing sth / be determined on doing sth / be devoted to / be en gaged ineg. A man bent on seeking fame.一个一心想成名的人。eg. A man bent on seek ing fortune. 个一心想发财的人。eg. He is bent merely on profit.他唯禾U是图

49、。My old friend, Frank Halliday, is just such a pers on.我的老朋友弗兰克.哈利戴正是这样一个人。语言点1:句子结构分析:Frank Halliday是my old friend 的同位语，起解释说明的作用。语言点2:just such在本句中突出强调就是这样的（一个人）”，吸引读者迫不及待地往下读。He has often described to me how he picked up a masterpiece for a mere£ 50.他多次向我详细讲他如何只花50英镑便买到一位名家的杰作。语言点1：句子结构分析:how

50、 he picked up a masterpiece for a mere 50 是宾语 从句，说明described的内容。语言点2:describe to sb.的意思是 向某人讲述”。pick up偶然获得，得到eg. He picked up a few words about his girl friend whe n he en tered the room.他进屋的时候听到几句有关他女友的话。pick up a bargain 买至U个便宜货eg. I picked up an evening paper on the way home.eg. I pick up some n

51、ice souve nirs whe n traveli ng abroad.（pick up:无意中购买）He has ofte n described to me howdescribe how/why/what to sbeg. It is difficult to describe how I feel.For 花费A mere : on lyOne Saturday morning, Frank visited an an tique shop in my n eighbourhood.一个星期六的上午，弗兰克去了我家附近的一家古玩店。语言点：句子结构分析：本句中的visit的本意是

52、 参观，拜 访”，为了更加符合汉语的表达习惯，译作去了（地方）”。in my neighborhood 在我家附近hood: the state or time of being sth 状态，时期childhoodboyhoodman hoodlikelihood 可能性eg. There are a few hotels in the n eighborhood.in the neighborhood of/a little more or a little less than大约，左右approximately 大约in the vicin ity of在左右（特别指价格）eg. I c

53、herished the hope that I could buy the house in the vicinity the house in the vicinity of¥ 100, 000 until Iwas in formed that it was worth ¥ 200, 000.我一直希望能以10万左右的价格买下这间房子，直到我被告知这房子卖20万。As he had never been there before, he found a great deal to in terest him.由于他从未去过那儿，结果他发现许多有趣的东西。语言点：句子结

54、构分析：as引导原因状语从句。主句中的to interest him为动词不定式短语，作后置定语，修饰a great deal （很多东西）。He found a lot of in teresti ng thin gs.要会背这两个句型。The morning passed rapidly and Frank was about to leave whe n he no ticed a large pack ing -case lying on the floor.上午很快过去了，弗兰克正准备离去，突然看见地板上 放着一只体积很大的货箱。语言点:be about to do（sth.）whe

55、n为固定搭配，表示 即将做（某事）时，这时”be about to do 马上就要 （immediately, very soon, at once）Be about to whe n （ at the mome nt ）表示正要或刚要干什么，突然-I was about to leave whe n the teleph one rang.-He was about to lock door whe n his friend visited him.lyi ng on the floor为现在分词作宾语补足语。The dealer told him that it had just come

56、 in, but that he could not be bothered to ope n it.古董商告诉他那只货箱刚到不久，但他嫌麻烦不想把它打开。语言点：句子结构分析：这是一个很有写作创意的句子， told的内容是由but并列连接的两个由that引导的宾语 从句。在这句话中，古董商说了两件事，第一件是货箱 刚到不久（即第一个宾语从句），第二件是他不想打开（即第二个宾语从句）。but that he could not be bothered to ope n itthat he could not同前面的that从句一样，是told的宾语。 Bother : trouble 打扰-Don' t bother / trouble to come here tomorrow.-I would not like to be bothered / troubled by you every day.Disturb语气更为强烈，又指心烦意乱的心理状态，有 时也指严重的精神错乱。-The n ews has disturbed me very much.-It is disturb ing to thi nk that a wild ani mal is still at large in the quiet coun t