最常用医学前后缀

1、100个最最常用医学前后缀Table 1 Examples of organs and systems（部分器官与系统术语）中文普通前/后缀形容词示例心heartcardiocardiac cardialcardiology 心脏病学 en docarditis 心内膜炎 myocarditis 心肌炎脑braincerebro en cephalo cran iocerebral cranialcerebrum 大脑 cerebellum 小脑 en cephalopathy 脑病 in tracra nial 颅内的肺lungpulmopul monarypul mono logy 肺病学

2、 pul mon ectomy 肺切除 pul mon itis 肺炎肝liverhepatohepatichepatitis 肝炎 hepatobiliary 肝胆的 hepatoe nterostomy肝肠吻合肾kid neynephrorenaln ephritis 肾炎n ephropathy 肾病n ephrectomy 肾切除胃stomachgastrogastricgastritis 胃炎 gastroe nteritis 胃肠炎 gastrectomy 胃切除肠in testi ne gut bowelen teroin testi nalenteritis 肠炎 grastr

3、oe nteritis胃肠炎en terostomy 肠造口术食道/管esophagusesophagoesophagealesophagitis 食道炎 esophagoscopy 食道镜 esophagoplasty食道成形术胆（汁）gallbladder Bilecholebiliarycholecystitis 胆囊炎 cholecystectomy 胆囊切除 cholelithiasis 胆结石脾splee nsple nosple nicsple nectomy 脾切除 spenomegaly 脾大胰pan creaspan creatopan creaticpan creatit

4、is 胰腺pan createctomy胰腺切除pan creatopathy 胰腺病膀胱bladdercystcystocysticcystitis膀胱炎 cytectomy 膀胱切除 cystography 膀胱造影（泌）尿urineuro urethrourin aryurology 泌尿病学 tran surethral 经尿道的 urosurgery 泌尿外科直肠anusrectorectalrectoscopy 直肠镜检查 rectoplasty 直肠成形术 rectocolitis 直肠结肠炎结肠colo ncolocolo nalcolitis结肠炎 colorectoscop

5、y直肠结肠镜检查colostomy 结肠造口肌musclemyomuscularmyocarditis 心肌炎 myoloma 肌瘤 myot onia 肌强直关节joi ntarthroarticulararthritis 关节炎 osteoarthritis骨关节炎arthropathy 关节病骨bonebonyosteoosteoplasty 骨整形 osteoge nesis 骨生长 osteopathy 骨病髓marrowmyemyeloma 骨髓瘤 myelitis骨髓炎 myelopathy 骨髓病血bloodhematohematology 血液学 hematoma 血肿 he

6、mastasis 止血血管vesselvaso an giovascularcardiovascular accide nt (CVA)心血管意外cerebrovascular 脑血管的 vasopress in 血管加压素 an giography 血管造影动脉arteryarterioarterialarteriosclerosis动脉硬化静脉veinvenovenousIn trave nous 静脉内的神经n erven euron ervousn eurosurgery 神经外科 neuron 神经元n euroma 神经瘤细胞cellcytocellularleukocyte 白细

7、胞 cytology细胞学 cytoma 细胞瘤眼eyeophthalmo oculoocular visualophthalmology 眼科学 ophthalmitis 眼炎 ophthalmalgia眼痛耳earaudioauditory audibleAudiometer 听力计Audiovisual 视听的 audiosurgery 耳外科鼻noserhi no n ason asalrhinorrhea 鼻溢 rhino phary ngeal鼻咽的n asogastric 鼻胃的口mouthorooraloroli ngual 口舌的舌ton guelin guolin gual

8、subli ngual 舌下的lin gustics 语言学lin guoplaceme nt舌向移位咽喉throatlary ngo phary ngolary ngeal phary ngeallary ngectomy喉切除laryn gitis 喉炎 phary ngitis卩因炎气管airway air pipe air passagetracheotrachealtracheostomy 气管插管 tracheoscope 气管镜 tracheoesophageal气管食道的Table 2 Examples of diseased states （咅B分病态术语 ）含义前/后缀示例

9、病patho-pathypathogen 病原,pathology 病理学,nephropathy 肾病,en cephalopathy 脑病病态-osisneurosis 神经病,tuberculosis 肺结核增多-osisleukocytosis 白细胞增多症减少-pe niapan cytosis 全血细胞减少炎症-it isarthritis 关节炎，hepatitis 肝炎肿块-omalymphoma 淋巴瘤， hematoma 血肿，carci noma 癌疼痛-algia-algesiaan algesia 止痛血症-emialeukemia 白血病，septicemia 败血

10、症,bacteremia 菌血症麻痹-plegiahemiplegia 偏瘫，myoplegia 肌肉麻痹坏死n ecro-n ecrosishepat on ecrosis 肝坏死，n ecrospermia精子坏死不良Malmal nutritio n营养不良，malfu ncti on功能障碍，malpractice 医疗差错流出-rrheadiarrhea 腹泻，rhinorrhea 鼻溢,hypermenorrhea 月经过多困难/障碍Dysdysfunction 功能 障碍，dyspepsia 消化不 良， dyspnea呼吸困难无Aatypical 不 典型的，asymptoma

11、tic 无症状的， agra nu locytosis 粒细胞减少症复合/多Poly-polyuria 多尿，polyopia 复视巨-megalysple no megaly 脾大，acromegaly 指端肥大 症, hepatomegaly 肝大结石litho-lithcholelithes胆结石，lithiasis 结石症含义前/后缀示例切除-ectomygastrectomy, appectectomy, lary ngectomy切开-tomytracheotomy, hysterotomy, crani otomy造口 /吻合-stomycolostomy, ileostomy,

12、 tracheostomy整（矫）形ortho-orthopedics, orthotherapy, orthposurgery造影-graphyan giography, n ephrography, radiography经tran s-tran surethral, tran scuta neous, tran sfusi on成形-plastyosteoplasty, myoplasty, esophagoplastyTable 4 Examples of direct ions and positi ons （咅 B分方向位置 ）含义普通前/后缀示例上Upper, superiore

13、pi- , supra-epigastric上腹部的 ，supraclavicular锁骨上的下lower, i nferiorin fra-, sub-subclavicular,锁骨 下的，subcostal 肋下的,inferior vena cava下腔静脉.、八 刖front, anterior, priorfore-,an te,pre-,an tero,forehead,前额，anteroposterior前后的/正位的后back,posterior,rearpost-,retro-,postero-postpra ndial餐 后 的，retroperito neal 腹膜后的

14、内inn er, i nternalIn-,in tra,en do,en to-Inhalation 吸入， endoscope 内 窥镜，intracranial颅内的外outer, exter nalex-, exo-extract 提取， excretion 排泄, exocardial 心外的侧lateralbilateral 双侧的，unilateral 单侧 的，contralateral对侧的，isolateral 同侧的旁/畐Uadjace nt, appe ndixpara-parathyroid甲状旁腺 ，paraca ncer 癌旁周peripheral, around

15、peri-Perioperative 围术的，peri natal围产的间betwee nin ter-in tercostal肋 间 的 ，intercedllular 细胞间的中心Ce ntralcen tro-, cen tri-cen trifuge离心,centronu cleus 中心核横向，经tran sversetran s-tranfusion输血,tran scuta neous经皮的含义前/后缀示例色chromo / cromochromosome 染色体，crom olyn 色苷酸钠红erythroerythrocyte, erythrocytosis白Leukoleu

16、kocyte, leukemia, leukocytuira里八、mela nomela no ma, mele na黑便青、蓝Cya nocyano sis 紫绀,cyan emia 蓝血症淋巴Lymphlymphocyte, lymphoma,粒granulogranul ocyte, granulo cytosis成细胞Blastfibroblast成纤细胞网状reticuloreticulocyte 网状细胞嗜碱的basi, baso, alkalobasophil嗜碱性粒细胞嗜酸的eos ino, acidoeosi no cyte, eos nophil嗜酸性粒细胞凝血的throm

17、bothrombocyte 凝血细胞（=血小板 platelet）Table 6 Examples of compounds （部分化合物）含义前/后缀示例（酸）盐-atesulfate 硫酸盐，nitrate 硝酸盐，acetate 醋酸盐醇-olalcohol 酒精，taxol 紫杉醇，ethanol 乙醇， allopuri nol别嘌啉醇醛-almethylal甲缩醛，retinal视黄醛糖-saccharide,glyco-,gluco-, saccharo-glycogen 糖原,glucose 葡萄糖,saccharide 糖, polysaccharide 多糖酮-oneketone 酮，acetone 丙酮，ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒酶-asetransaminase 转氨酶,reductase 还原酶素-inheparin 肝素, nuclein 核素,erythromycin 红霉 素原-ge nantigen 抗原,collagen 胶原苯基/酚phe nol-Phenol酚（石炭酸），phenate