牛津英语8B Unit 2 Grammar

1、Grammar Unit 2TravellingWe use have/has been to express the idea that someone went to a place and has already come back. It refers to an experience.Millie and Amy have been to South Hill. They want to go there again.Sandy has never been to South Hill. She wants to go with them.A Using have/has been

2、and have/has goneWe use have/has gone to express the idea that someone went to a place but has not yet returned.Kitty and her family have gone to Hong Kong. They will come back next week.Suzy is not at home at the moment. She has gone to the bookshop.have ( has) been and have ( has) gonehave( has) g

3、one to sp. 表示去了某表示去了某地，人不在说话的地方，已经到达地，人不在说话的地方，已经到达某地，或在去某地的路上。某地，或在去某地的路上。have( has) been to sp. 表示曾经去表示曾经去过某地，人已经从去的地方回来了。过某地，人已经从去的地方回来了。如：如：Wheres your mother?She has gone to the supermarket near our home.My uncle has been to the US for several times.1. have/has been（to)/ gone（to)/ been （in）三者之间

4、的区别：）三者之间的区别： have/has been to 表示当事人曾经去过某地。表示当事人曾经去过某地。 have/has been in 强调当事人在某地待过一段时间。强调当事人在某地待过一段时间。 have/has gone to 说话时当事人不在现场说话时当事人不在现场,去了某地。去了某地。 Notes2、三者的常见用法、三者的常见用法 have (has) been (to) + 地点地点+次数次数 have (has) been (in) + 地点地点 + 段时段时间间/句子句子 have (has) gone (to) + 地点地点3 3、共同点、共同点 当后跟地点是副词时，

5、介词省略。当后跟地点是副词时，介词省略。 1 have / has been to +地名地名 去过某地（去过已回来）；去过某地（去过已回来）； 2 have / has gone to +地名地名 去了某地（还没回来）；去了某地（还没回来）； 3 have / has been in +地名地名 在某地住了有多长。在某地住了有多长。 Have been to / in 和和 have gone to的区别的区别改错改错1. Where have you ever gone ? The Lantau Island.2. We have been to the USA for many year

6、s.3. How many times have you been in Hong-shan Zoo ? Twice.4. Where is your mother ? She has been to America.been in to gone A1 The Class 7, Grade 8 students are talking about their classmates and families. Help them complete the sentences with have/has been or have/has gone.About travelsMillie isnt

7、 here. She_ to the library.Peter and Simon _ just _ to the library. They borrowed some interesting books.has gonehave beenMy cousin _ to Xian twice.My parents _to Xian and theyll stay there for a week.Daniel wont be with us at the party. He_ to Shanghai.has beenhave gonehas goneDaniel: I havent seen

8、 Mr Wu for days. Where _ he _ (go)?Millie: He _ (go) to Tianjin to attend a meeting.Daniel: (3)_ you_ (be) anywhere recently?A2 Daniel and Millie are chatting at a weekend. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.has gonehas goneHave beenMillie: Yes, I (4)_ (be) t

9、o Hainan with my parents.Daniel: Oh, thats great! (5)_ you_ (be) to Sanya?Millie: Sure, we (6)_(be) to the beach there. Look at these photos.Daniel: The beach is beautiful. I see Andy playing on the sand too.have beenhave beenhave beenMillie: Yes. We went there with his family.Daniel: I see. By the

10、way, shall we invite Andy to go for a picnic tomorrow?Millie: Andy isnt here this weekend. He and his parents (7)_ (go) to the countryside. Theyll be back tomorrow afternoon.have goneWe use for when we talk about a period of time, and we use since when we talk about a time point in the past.Mr Dong

11、has lived here for many years.Mr Dong has lived here since he was born.B Verbs with for and sincefor, since常和常和表示一段时间的状语连用，所以表示一段时间的状语连用，所以，句子的谓语动词，句子的谓语动词多为延续性动词，强调动作多为延续性动词，强调动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在可能还要可能还要持续下去。如：持续下去。如：Kitty has lived here for two years.for, since or ago注意：注意：1）since+

12、点时间，点时间， for +段时间，段时间， 如：如：since two hours ago, for two hours。She has worked here since she graduated from school.We have learned English for ten years.2. 如果是发生在过去的瞬间性动词如果是发生在过去的瞬间性动词(come go, leave，open，arrive) 常用含有常用含有 “ago”的一的一 般过去时。如：般过去时。如： He arrived here two hours ago. 他是两小时以前到达这儿的。他是两小时以前到达这

13、儿的。 I turned off the light ten minutes ago. 我十分钟前关灯的。我十分钟前关灯的。for, since or ago He has left Beijing for a week. He has not left Beijing yet.He has been away from Beijing for a week.He has bought a car since 2007.He has not bought any new car since 2007.He has had a car since 2007.Some verbs, such as

14、 come, go, buy and leave, can be used in the present perfect tense, but they cannot be used with for or since in positive statements.If we want to express a continuous state, we can use another way like this:Kitty is telling Millie about her holiday in Hong Kong on the phone. Comp what she says with

15、 the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.More about Kittys trip My parents and I _ (arrive) in Hong Kong on the first day of the winter holiday. We (2)_ (be) here for three days. arrivedhave been I (3)_(borrow) a book about Hong Kong a week ago. Its very useful. I (4) _ (keep) it with me for a fe

16、w days. It helps me learn more about Hong Kong. Now its noon and were in Ocean Park. The first dolphin show (5)_ (begin) at 11:30 a.m. It (6)_ (be) on for about half an hour. The show is really exciting.borrowedhave keptbeganhas been on1. We have lived here _ 1990.2. How long have you studied here?

17、_ 5 years. 3. The boy has had a bad cold _ last night.4. I have waited _ two hours. sincesinceFor用用for和和since完成句子。完成句子。for5. Mr. Huang has kept the books _ last month.6. I have taught in the school _ I came here.7. We have been friends _ a long time.8. I have been in Nanjing _ eight years.sincesince

18、forfor9. Sally has been away from London _ last Saturday.10. Our school has changed a lot _ the new building was built.11. Tommy has had this motorcycle _ three years.12. My parents have been married _ 20 years.sincesinceforfor同义句转换。同义句转换。1. The class was over ten minutes ago. The class _ for ten mi

19、nutes.2. His grandpa died in 2004. His grandpa _ for 10 years.has been overhas been dead The exhibition has been on for three days. The exhibition _ three days ago. My parents got married 25 years ago. My parents _ for 25 years.started / beganhave been married5. I bought the MP3 last week. I _ the M

20、P3 for a week.6. Kitty joined the Reading Club last year. Kitty _ the Reading Club since last year.have hadhas been a member of1. 你曾经去过香港吗？你曾经去过香港吗？ _ you ever _ _ Hong Kong?没有。没有。No, _ _.2. He has been to America. (1) 一般疑问句一般疑问句 _ he _ to America? Yes, _ _. (2) 否定句否定句 He _ _ to America .按要求补充句子。按要求

21、补充句子。Have been to I havent Has been he has hasnt been 3. 1) Have you _ there? A. been to B. gone to C. been D. gone 2) Lucy isnt at home now. She _ _ _ the USA. 3) My father _Shanghai for 8 days. 4) (clean ) the window yesterday. 5) I _already _ (clean ) the window. Chasgone tohas been in cleanedhav

22、e cleaned1. -_ you ever _ to a water park? -Yes, we had a good time there. A. Have, gone B. Had, been C. Have, been2. I _ my grandpa last Sunday. A. have visited B. visited C. was visiting3. She _ Shanghai for a month. A. has come to B. came to C. has been in单项选择单项选择C B C 4. Lu Xun _ more than fifty

23、 years ago. A. died B. has died C. has been dead5. Fanny _ TV at this time last Saturday. A. has watched B. was watching C. watched6. -Have you _ been to our town before? -No, its the first time I _ here. A. even, have come B. ever, come C. ever, have comeAB C 翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。1. 这些日子你去哪里了？这些日子你去哪里了？2.

24、 我父亲已经去上海出差去了。我父亲已经去上海出差去了。3. 他离开家已经他离开家已经10年了。年了。Where have you been these days?My father has gone to Shanghai on business. He has been away from home for ten years.4. 足球赛已经开始足球赛已经开始15分钟了。分钟了。5. 他从去年加入了篮球俱乐部。他从去年加入了篮球俱乐部。6. 你去过香港迪士尼乐园几次？你去过香港迪士尼乐园几次？The football match has been on for 15 minutes.He has been a member of the Basketball Club since last year.How many times have you been to Hong Kong Disneyland?7. 她已经到达公司半个小时了。她已经到达公司半个小时了。8. A: Tony曾经去过法国吗？曾经去过法国吗？B: 是的。是的。 A: 他去过埃菲尔铁塔吗？他去过埃菲尔铁塔吗？B: 没有。没有。She has been in the company for half an hour.A: Has Tony ever been to France? B: