宾语从句 (2)

1、 宾语从句宾语从句 下曹中学 崔树林判断下列划线部分由什么充当何种成分判断下列划线部分由什么充当何种成分 1.Lucy likes Chinese very much. 2.Tom showed some beautiful stamps to us . 3.Jim is a good friend of mine. 4.Neither you nor he enjoys running. 5.John wants to make friends with you.（名词作宾语）（人称代词宾格作宾语）（名词性 的物主代词作宾语）（动名词作宾语）（动词不定式作宾语）6. I left my di

2、ctionary at home. You can borrow Kates.7. He is very hungry now because he didnt eat anything this morning.8. Mary taught herself Chinese last year.9. We find it very helpful to study with a group.10. Tom says that he never eats junk food.(不定代词作宾语)(反身代词作宾语)(it 充当形式宾语)(句子作宾语)(名词所有格作宾语) 宾语从句宾语从句一一. 定义

3、定义:由由句子句子来来充当充当的的宾语宾语叫宾语从句叫宾语从句.二二. 含宾语从句的主从复合句的结构:主句主句+引导词引导词+宾语从句宾语从句.三三. 合并宾语从句的步骤: 1.确定确定主从句主从句. 2.确定确定引导词引导词(看看合并前从句的句式合并前从句的句式): 合并前从句合并前从句 合并后引导词合并后引导词 陈述句陈述句 that(常省略常省略) 一般疑问句一般疑问句 if或或whether(是否是否) 选择疑问句选择疑问句(句中出现句中出现or not) 只能选只能选whether 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词本身特殊疑问词本身(首字母变小写首字母变小写) 3.确定确定合并后从句

4、的语序合并后从句的语序:合并后的从句必须变成合并后的从句必须变成陈述句语序陈述句语序,即即主谓结构或主谓结构或主系表结主系表结 构构.4.确定合并后从句的时态合并后从句的时态(看合并前主句的时态合并前主句的时态) 合并前主句 合并后从句 一般现在时一般现在时 原从句时态不变原从句时态不变 一般过去时一般过去时 通常变为过去的某种时态通常变为过去的某种时态(但从句表示自然但从句表示自然 界的客界的客观规律、客观事实时，只能用一般现在时，不能改为一般过去时观规律、客观事实时，只能用一般现在时，不能改为一般过去时）*合并前合并前主句是一般过去时主句是一般过去时，合并后，合并后从句如何变过去从句如何变

5、过去： 合并前从句 合并后从句 一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 现在进行时现在进行时 过去进行时过去进行时 一般将来时一般将来时 过去将来时（过去将来时（would+动词原形）动词原形） 现在完成时现在完成时 过去完成时（过去完成时（had+动词的过去分词）动词的过去分词）5.确定合并后复合句的标点合并后复合句的标点（与合并前主句的标点一致与合并前主句的标点一致）合并下列句子:1. Tom is good at running. Jim says. 2. Lucy studies hardest of all the students.I think. 3. Lily comes

6、to school very early. He said. 4. John is watching a tennis game. She told us. 5. They have just built a new library. He said. Jim says(that)Tom is good at running. I think(that)Lucy studies hardest of all the students. He said(that)Lily came to school very early. She told us(that)John was watching

7、a tennis game. He said(that)they had just built a new library.6.The earth turns around the sun.The teacher told the kids. The teacher told the kids(that)the earth turns around the sun.7. He doesnt study carefully enough. I think. I dont think(that)he studies carefully enough.8. They wont agree with

8、you. I think. I dont think(that)they will agree with you.9. She hasnt traveled to the city before. We think. We dont think(that)she has traveled to the city before.*合并前主句谓语动词为合并前主句谓语动词为think，而合并前从句为否定句合并前从句为否定句，合并后必须合并后必须否定主句，而将从句变为肯定句否定主句，而将从句变为肯定句，构成形式上否定主句而意义上否定形式上否定主句而意义上否定从句。从句。10.Are you good

9、at swimming? I want to know. I want to know if/whether you are good at swimming.11.Was Tom at his aunts yesterday? Do you know? Do you know if/whether Tom was at his aunts yesterday?12.Are they having an English class? She asked. She asked if/whether they were having an English class.13.Does Jim som

10、etimes come to school on foot? They asked me. They asked me if/whether Jim sometimes came to school on foot.14.Did Mr Green leave for Paris half an hour ago? We dont know. We dont know if/whether Mr Green left for Paris half an hour ago.15.Have you been to the aquarium before? He said. He asked if/w

11、hether you had been to the aquarium before.16.Will they travel to the south in two weeks? She said to me. She asked me if/whether they would travel to the south in two weeks,17.Do your father always work very hard? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if/whether your father always works very hard?*合

12、并前主句谓语动词用合并前主句谓语动词用say或或say to sb，而合并前的从句合并前的从句为疑问句疑问句，合并后必须将say改为ask；将say to sb 改为ask sb.18.Are you interested in studying physics or not? They asked. They asked whether you were interested in studying physics or not.19.Has John visited the Great Wall or not? They said. They asked whether John had

13、visited the Great Wall or not.20.Can your sister speak Japanese or not? Could you tell us? Could you tell us whether your sister can speak Japanese or not?21.Where does Uncle Wang live? I wonder. I wonder where Uncle Wang lives.22.How do you usually study for a test? He asked. He asked how you usual

14、ly studied for a test.23.Why didnt he come to school the day before yesterday? Do you know? Do you know why he didnt come to school the day before yesterday?24.How often does she go to see her grandma? We want to know. We want to know how often she goes to see her grandma.25.How much does the sweate

15、r cost? Mrs Brown asked. Mrs Brown asked how much the sweater cost.26.How soon will they finish the work? She said. She asked how soon they would finish the work.27.What are they looking for? He said to me. He asked me what they were looking for.28.What happened to Lucy just now? Can you tell us? Can you tell us what happened to Lucy just now?29.Who is Kate waiting for at the school gate? They said. They asked who kate was waiting for at the school gate.30.Who is the most careful student in your class? I want to know. I want to know who is the most careful student in your c