2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练11. access 通道，入口 (接近或进入的)方法，机会，权利vt.取得，获取（尤指计算机数据）考点提示：have access to sth.可以使用/有接触机会have access to a car/a puter.有汽车/计算机可以使用gain/get access (to sth.)进入某地】；见到某人或某物完成句子学生需要得到图书的方便途径。Students need easy _ the books. 每个人都有受教育权。Everyone _ education. 只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子

2、。_their house is along that narrow road. 2. absence n. 缺席，不在场反presence 不存在，缺乏考点提示:absent (adj.) 缺席的；不在的; be absent from不在；缺席be absent for（不在）去了in/during sbs absense在某人不在期间完成句子我不在时，请照看我的房子。Please take care of my house _.在缺乏其他证据下，我们不得不认为这属实。We were obliged to accept it as true _.老师对他旷课很生气。The teacher

3、was angry at his _.他今天缺课/缺勤/缺席会议。He _ today. 有些国家终年无雪。Snow _ some countries. 他外出了，现在在欧洲。He _.3.suppose vt.认为，猜想考点提示：supposethat/to be认为，猜想be (not) supposed to (do)(不)被期望，(不)应该suppose/supposing that(与given, provided通用)表示“假定结果会怎么样？”I suppose so./No, I suppose not./No, I don't suppose so.我认为这样。/不，我

4、不认为这样。/不，我不认为这样。(1)Jerry is playing online games.He's playing games？He's _ to be doing his homework now.A. believed B. supposed C. considered D. pretended(2)How do you _we will go to Hainan for our holidays?I think we'd better fly there. It's much more fortable. A. insist B. want C.

5、suggest D. Suppose4. switch vt.转换，转变考点提示：switch (from A) to B(由A)转换成Bswitch on开(电灯、机器等)switch off关(电灯、机器等)；失去兴趣；觉得乏味switch over转换频道；转变(1)In order to stop poverty, the World Bank has_its focus to providing technical assistance and long­term loans to developing countries.A. fixed B. exchanged C.

6、transferred D. switched(2)She started studying medicine at college, but _ to Business Studies in her second year.A. transformed B. skipped C. adjusted D. switched5.matter vi.重要，有重大关系n物质；问题；毛病考点提示：to make matters worse更糟糕的是no matter不要紧，没关系as a matter of fact实际上；不瞒你说；确实It doesn't matter.没关系。“他问我怎么

7、回事”习惯上说：He asked me what was the matter. (此处因what作主语，故后边语序不变)，而有些学生惯用He asked me what the matter was.句子虽正确，但意思不同，此处是“他问我那物质是什么。”Don't worry. It's only a(n) _of money. We will try our best to collect enough.A. matterB. affair C. business D. accidentThe thing that _ is not whether you fail or

8、not, but whether you try or not.AmattersBcares Cminds Dconsiders6.condemn v. 谴责，指责 宣判，判刑同sentence 完成句子我们谴责他的不良行为。We _ him _ his bad conduct. 犯人被判处死刑。The prisoner _. 7. condition n. 条件 用复数(工作或生活等的)条件，状况 (健康或物品的)状态，状况完成句子/英译汉/单项选择如果你能在星期一还我，我可以借给你这本书。I will lend you the book _ you_ it on Monday.在这么恶劣的

9、情况下，我们只有推迟野营了。_, we have to put off the camp. He is living in terrible conditions.That is a used car in good condition._我决不会改变我的主意。On no condition _ my mind. I agree to his suggestion _ the condition that he drops all charges. A. by B. in C. on D. to8. character n品质；性格；人物；角色；字体考点提示：be different in c

10、haracter有着不同的性格a man of character有个性的人，有骨气的人a leading character主角in the character of以的资格，扮演的角色out of character不适合，和不相称The Chinese characters汉字characteristic adj. 表现特点的n. 特征，特性，特色characterize v. 表现的特色Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for _ building.Arespect Bfriend

11、ship Creputation DcharacterMr. Johnsons is of good _， so he is respected and loved by everyone in the neighbourhood.Acharacter Bcharacteristic Cfeature Duniqueness9.found vt.建立，创立考点提示：be founded on/upon建立在基础上findfoundfound(发现)foundfoundedfounded(创办，建立)foundation n基础，根据，建立，创办lay foundations 打地基founde

12、r n奠基者，创建者，缔造者put up, set up, build与found的区别put up表示“建造，搭建”时，指高于地平面的建筑物，即“搭起，竖起，挂起”之意，同set up。set up还表示“建立，成立”，常与表示组织、机构、团体之意的词连用，这时相当于found，如：set up home安家落户。build意为“建造，建设，建立”，是最普通的用语，常指建造大的东西，可接具体或抽象的名词。found指建立、成立机构或组织等。此意同set up，但found更强调打基础。用found, put up, set up的正确形式填空：_in 1636，Harvard is one

13、of the most famous universities in the United States.A new theatre _ where there used to be a temple.The factory has _ a night school to strengthen the workers' education. 10. opinion n意见，看法，主张考点提示：in one's opinionin the opinion of sb.按照某人的看法have a good/bad/high/low opinion of对评价很好/很糟be of t

14、he opinion that.主张，认为in one's view以的观点来看point of view观点opinion与viewopinion是一般通用词，指对事物或问题经过思考后提出的意见、主张、看法，含有初步的，不肯定的意味。view指“见解，观点”，侧重对较广泛、重大或有关公众的问题所采用的态度，view比opinion更为肯定、全面和系统。It's a terrible shame，_，that the building was knocked down.AI think Bin my opinion Cpersonally DAll aboveAlthough

15、_ my opinion, the old professor didn't e up with his own.A. against B. on C. for D. in答案：1.access tohas access toThe only access to2.during my absencein the absence of other evidenceabsence from schoolis absent from school/work/the meetingis absent in is absent in Europe3.(1)Bbe supposed to do s

16、th.意为：某人应该做某事。题中用了不定式的进行式，表示：Jerry应该正在做作业。 (2)D4.(1)D (2)D考查动词辨析。句意：她从医学专业转到商务研究系，用switch表示“转换，改变(思路、话题等)”。B项可表示“急速改变”，不符合语境。其他选项的含义：A“改变，转变，改选”，C“调整”。5.A考查名词辨析。短语a matter of表示“(仅仅、就)只是的事而已”，如a matter of days/time“仅仅几天，只是时间的早晚”。句意：别担心，这只是钱的事情而已，我们会尽力募集够的。 A 6.condemned; for was condemned to death7.o

17、n condition that; returnUnder such bad weather conditions他的生活条件很差。那是一辆状况良好的旧车。will I changeC句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃所有的指控。on (the) condition that 在条件下，介词用on，属固定搭配。8.D句意：独自徒步旅行可能会很有趣并且有益于健康，或许对意志的磨炼也有好处。respect尊重，爱戴；friendship友谊；reputation名誉，荣誉，声望；character性格，品格，品质，特点，特性。又如：The little boy showed great chara

18、cter returning to school after earthquake.在地震发生后，小男孩重返学校表现出了他顽强的毅力。Acharacter这里说明人的品质9.Founded has been put up set up10.DA、B、C三个选项的意思相同，均可作插入语。故选D项。A专心-专注-专业2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练101.effect n效果，作用；影响have an effect on对有影响(have a/anadj.effect on.)have some/little/no effect on对有些/一点/没有影响in effect实际上，事

19、实上；有效take effect见效，开始起作用；(法律或规章)生效，开始实行e into effect实行，实施，生效be of no effect无效cause and effect因果注意：虽然表达“对有影响”用have an effect on，但表示“有很大/小影响”用have much/little effect on，而不用many/few。The medicine had a good effect on me.那种药对我有良好的功效。The advertising campaign didn't have much effect on sales.这些广告攻势对销售额

20、没起到多大作用。The medicine quickly took effect.这种药很快就见效了。affect/effect/influence辨析(1)affect仅作动词，可以用于以下三种情况：对某人或某物产生不良的影响，通常以被影响的人或物作为宾语。作“影响”讲时，是及物动词，相当于短语have an effect on。Hot weather affects his health.炎热的天气影响着他的健康。作“使改动，使变化”之意讲时，属中性词，没有好坏之分。He wasn't affected by the news.他听了这消息后无动于衷。感动。His speech a

21、ffected the audience deeply.他的演讲深深地打动了观众。(2)effect通常指使某人或某物得以改进和变化，强调造成一种特殊的后果。作名词时指affect的结果。 This medicine has no effect on his headache.这种药对他的头疼不起作用。(3)influence指通过劝说、行为或事例等对另一方的行为、性格、观点产生潜移默化的或持久的影响，尤其在感情和态度上的影响。有动词和名词两种词性。What we read influences our thinking.我们阅读的书籍会对我们的思想产生影响。完成句子(1)We should

22、learn to distinguish between_(因果)(2)The new law_(生效)from tomorrow.(3)_(实际上)，the two systems are the same.单项填空(4)Recently tourism has a great_on the wildlife in my hometown，which causes plaints.Aeffort Beffect Caffect Dreflect2.disappoint vt.使失望The film disappointed him.影片使他失望。(1)有些及物动词的现在分词和过去分词均可用作

23、形容词，现在分词意为“令人的”，一般用来指物；过去分词意为“某人感到的”，一般用来指人。但指人的“表情”“ 嗓音”等时用过去分词。此类形容词有： The disappointing news made us disappointed.这个令人失望的消息使我们很失望。I was moved by the moving scene.我被这令人感动的一幕打动了。(2)I'm disappointed that I failed the exam.我失望的是我考试没及格。用disappoint的适当形式填空(1)From his father's_look，we know the_bo

24、y made his father_.(2)The long speech given by that old professor seemed_and endless.（3）The film is ，I have to say，not a bit interesting.Why? It's_than the films I have ever seen.Afar more interesting Bmuch less interestingCno more interesting Dany less interesting3.perform(1)vt.& vi.演出，表演Th

25、e play was first performed in 1987.这部剧于1987年首次上演。(2)vt.做，履行，执行The surgeon has performed the operation.外科医生已做完了手术。(3)vi.工作，运转(好/不好)The engine seems to be performing well.发动机似乎运转正常。perform an experiment/operation做实验/施行手术perform a play上演一部剧本perform a role in(play a role in.)在中起作用perform well/badly(poor

26、ly)/satisfactorily表现得好/坏/令人满意performance n表演，演奏performer n表演者put on performance表演(1)We've never seen a Shakespeare's play_so wonderfully.Aperform Bis performing Cperforming Dperformed(2)Tonight the blind boy will perform_the piano at the party.Great！He succeeded at last！He's performed_a

27、wonder.A/；/ Bon；on Con；/ D/；on4.impress vt.使(人)印象深刻；印上，压出印记impress sth on sbimpress sb with sth使某人牢记/铭记某事impress sth on sth把印在上be impressed by/at/with.被感动；对印象深刻be impressed on one's mind/memory被印在脑海里，留下深刻的印象impression n印象impressive adj.使人印象深刻的，令人感动的leave/makeThe book didn't impress me at all

28、.这本书没有给我留下一点印象。He impressed me with the importance of the work.他让我明白了工作的重要性。The teachers were impressed by your performance in the exam.所有的老师被你们的考试成绩所感动。(1)He_a design on cloth.What a beautiful design!Apressed Bimpressed Cput Dplaced(2)The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for

29、EXPO xx was strongly impressed_my memory.Ato Bover Cby Don(3)When you stay in a stranger's home，you should do everything properly so that you can make a good_on the host.Aexpression Bimpression Csuggestion Dmanner5bine vt.(使)联合，(使)结合bine sth with/and sth把与联合bine with与混合，与化合bine business with ple

30、asure劳逸结合We should bine business with pleasure.我们应该劳逸结合。完成句子你应该努力把锻炼与健康饮食结合起来。You should try to_exercise_healthy diets.6.represent vt.代表；象征；描绘What does this mark represent？这个符号代表什么？representative n代表者，代理人，众议员represent sb/sth as sb/sth把描述成represent sb as/to be.宣称某人为represent sth to sb向某人说明某事，向某人传达某事b

31、e well/badly represented很好/很差地展示be representative of.是的代表He represented himself as(to be)a friend of mine.他自称是我的一个朋友。Are your opinions representative of those of the other students?你们的意见代表其他的学生吗？(1)Zhang Yining and her fellow teammates，_China's Women Ping­pong Team，took park in the xx Olymp

32、ics Games.A.represent Brepresented Crepresenting Dbeing represented(2)His only aim is_our country at the Olympics in xx.Arepresented Bto be representedCrepresenting Dto represent7.treasure n财宝，财富treasure作“财宝”讲一般是不可数名词；作“珍贵的东西”讲一般是可数名词。也可用作及物动词，意为“珍惜”。There is much treasure in this tomb.这个墓里有许多财宝。We

33、should treasure our friendship.我们应该珍惜我们的友谊。完成句子(1)We should_(爱惜)manpower and material resources.汉译英(2)我珍惜你的友谊。_(3)He_the watch his mother gave him.Alongs Btreasures Cadmires Dappreciates(4)I shall_this gift because it was given by the teacher I loved.Aenjoy Btreasure Cadmire Dappreciate8.quit v停止，辞职

34、He quit his job last month.他上个月辞职了。Quit laughing！别笑了！quitquit/quittedquit/quittedquittingquit后跟动词的­ing形式。quit/stop辨析两者都可以表示“停止”。其区别在于：stop：指动作、运行、进展等被停下来，含突然、断然的意味。quit：指最终彻底停止某事，有时暗示遭到失败或面临挫折。用stop与quit填空(1)The police were called to_a fight outside the theatre.(2)In order to keep you healthy，y

35、ou'd better_drinking and smoking.(3)They_work at 5 pm and then went home.Aquit Bdid Cstarted Dbegan9.appearance外貌，外观Don't judge people by their appearances.不要以貌取人。appearance n出现，显露，露面；外观/外貌/外表appear vi.出现make appearance登台，出现make a good/poor appearance 显得一表人材/显得很不雅观at first appearance乍看起来in appearance外貌上，看起来keep up appearances装点门面；装阔气，维持体面She's made a number of appearances on televi