精读材料1-4,含答案

1、精读材料Respect difference   Li Ruiyi has gotten used to religion at school.PHOTO COURTESY OF LI RUIYI不同宗教信仰在美国高中是如何融合的？ON the first day of school, I sat in the homeroom, excited and a bit nervous, trying to make sense of what was being said over the loudspeaker. Suddenly, everyone in the

2、 room started mumbling (咕哝) something together, their eyes half-closed, ending their words with a gesture of a cross.Confused, I put up my right hand and patted my shoulders, trying to copy them. Half a semester had passed when I finally realized that it was the morning prayer (祷告).This was just the

3、 beginning. Afternoon reflection, school dismissal (放学) prayer . school life in a Catholic (天主教的) academy is timed around religious procedures (程序). Even when Im at home, I need to hold hands with my host family and say a little prayer before dinner starts and reflect upon my day with other family m

4、embers before bedtime. On Sundays, church is always on our schedule (日程表).However, to my surprise, quite a few students at my school are non-Christians, and the number is still growing. One of my friends has an Asian family and his mother believes in Buddhism (佛教), but he still chose to come to this

5、 Catholic school. “This school is one of the best in the city,” he said, “and religion isnt really that big of a deal. Americans believe in all kinds of things.”He got it right. The US is packed with people with different beliefs, yet they can somehow set aside these differences and hug each other.M

6、y first host family were Catholics who took the Bible only as an allegory (寓言), but that didnt prevent them from making friends with Christians who thought every story in the Bible was for real.My English teacher is proud of her atheism (无神论), but interestingly, shes always the most faithful (虔诚的) o

7、ne during prayer. And the school Chinese professor never forgets to try to spread Confucianism (儒教) in class.At first, I was worried that I wouldnt be able to get along with so many different people with such big differences in belief, but later I discovered that it didnt really matter. Diversity, a

8、 key part of the character of the nation, is in the blood of every American. They never mind taking their own stands but at the same time, they respect others rights to pursue (追求) their own beliefs. With all the differences, this one agreement is enough to hold them together as a nation.Choose the

9、best answer:1. The first three paragraphs were written mainly to _.A. explain what people usually do during morning prayerB. show how difficult it was for the author to fit in at her new schoolC. describe how important religious procedures are at the authors new schoolD. tell readers that the author

10、 doesnt like religious procedures to be taken so seriously2. What is the most probable reason for the number of non-Christians growing at the authors school?A. The school enjoys a good reputation.B. Other Catholic schools dont accept non-Christians.C. They want to have a taste of life at a Catholic

11、school.D. There are all kinds of interesting teachers in the school.3. The underlined phrase “that big of a deal” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by “_”.A. that important B. that excitingC. that annoying D. that demanding4. From the text, it can be concluded that _.A. going to a Catholic school will

12、change your religious beliefsB. living with differences means you need to respect differences firstC. the author had no trouble at all understanding people with different religious beliefsD. one should try to understand why some choose certain religious beliefs in order to get along with themD1 1-4

13、CAABBarbie starting to change with times新版芭比娃娃展现美国多元审美观念。词数 325 建议阅读时间 5分钟 SHE has been a part of US culture for more than half a century. Tall, blond and blue-eyed, Barbie is often thought of as the typical all-American girl.First sold by US toy maker Mattel in 1959, the iconic (标志性的) doll was crea

14、ted so that girls could try out grown-up activities like socializing and working. Over the years, with changes of clothes and accessories (装饰), Barbie has had different careers, working as a waitress, a teacher and a doctor.But in recent years, Mattel has been criticized for giving girls an impossib

15、le standard of beauty to meet. Critics say that Barbies unrealistic body, which looks impossibly tall, thin and busty (胸部丰满的), does not show what American women should look like. “The doll may be perfectly pretty, but it also limits girls imaginations and certainly doesnt show the different body typ

16、es todays children see all around them,” The Huffington Post noted.So it was time for a makeover. Last year, new skin tones (肤色) and hairstyles were introduced. And on Jan 28, Mattel announced three new Barbie body types: curvy, tall and petite (娇小的).Just as women dont come in one shape, now Barbie

17、dolls wont either. As Time magazine put it, “American ideas about beauty have evolved (演变).” Today the curvy bodies of US socialite Kim Kardashian West and singer Beyoncé Knowles have become popular, and young feminist leaders like actress Lena Dunham are helping people to accept their un-Barbi

18、e-like bodies.Nowadays, “parents are more likely to buy what they think are more empowering toys for their daughters”, according to Time magazine.The new body types could also affect (影响) the ways both girls and boys see body image. “Kids keep seeing images that are not true to nature. It could hurt

19、 their self-esteem (自尊心) or limit their world view,” US author Florence Williams told USA Today. “Its important for young boys to understand that womens bodies come in all shapes and sizes because they grow up expecting girls bodies to look a certain way.”Choose the best answer:1. Those who criticiz

20、e Mattel believe that _.A. Barbie dolls directly cause health problemsB. Barbie can give girls body image problemsC. it is silly to let girls try out grown-up activities such as socializingD. Barbie dolls lead girls to believe that beauty is the only important thing in their lives2. The underlined w

21、ord “makeover” is closest in meaning to _.A. change B. makeupC. separation D. standard3. According to Time, _.A. the makeover may increase Barbies salesB. parents are more particular about toys nowadaysC. todays Americans need different stars to set the standards for beautyD. new popular American st

22、ars have not changed how Americans see beauty4. How does Florence Williams feel about the new body types?A. She hopes more improvements will be made to the dolls.B. Shes worried that they could change the ways both girls and boys see body image.C. She thinks they are more reflective of the world tha

23、t boys and girls see around them.D. She stresses their positive influence on girls because this will now let them accept different kinds of beauty. D2 1-4 BAACMental practice works头脑演练的神奇功效。词数 374 建议阅读时间 6分钟DO you ever practice playing the piano in your mind by tapping on imaginary black and white k

24、eys when you have no piano in front of you? Its not unusual great pianists like Polish-American Arthur Rubinstein sometimes used to practice in their minds.For more than 100 years, scientists have been trying to understand how this mental training works. In the 1930s, researchers showed that when yo

25、ure imagining an action, your brain sends signals to your muscles that are too weak to make the muscles move but might help train the body to perform.u Practicing in your head might also create an inner how-to guide for a special skill in your mind.Sports psychologists (心理学家) have carried out hundre

26、ds of studies comparing imagined and real-life practice for actions such as juggling and tap dancing, according to the Popular Science website. Overall, the research shows that mental training works. A 2012 study, for example, compared 32 amateur golfers who tried to hit golf balls into holes to ano

27、ther 32 who just held a golf club in their hands and thought about their swings. Under the same training, both groups ended up doing better and getting the ball about four inches (10 cm) closer to the hole.Visualization has advantages over the real thing: You can do it anywhere, even when injured. I

28、ts safe a big advantage for people who work in jobs in which there are big problems when things go wrong, such as gymnasts and surgeons (外科医生).v And you can practice for longer periods of time in your head because your body cant get tired. That doesnt mean its easy, however. “Weve had Olympic-level

29、athletes sitting in our lab, visualizing for two hours,” says Tadhg MacIntyre, a sports psychologist at the University of Limerick in Ireland. “When were done, theyre incredibly tired.”It doesnt work for everyone, though. “If youre not experienced in the activity, it can make things worse,” warns Ma

30、cIntyre. “If youre trying to visualize a free throw, and you dont even know the proper way to hold the ball and move, then youre probably going to practice the wrong skill in your head, and you wont get better.”Choose the best answer:1. According to the text, mental training _.A. is suitable for all

31、 kinds of skillsB. is good for building up musclesC. can benefit beginners as well as mastersD. can be as effective as physical training2. The underlined word “visualization” in Paragraph 4 probably means _.A. practicing a physical actionB. mental training for musclesC. seeing something in your mind

32、D. imagining practicing an action3. One of the advantages visualization has over the real thing is _.A. it can prevent things from going wrongB. it can be done wherever you areC. it saves you time and energyD. it is simple and relaxing4. The text is mainly written to _.A. give readers suggestions on

33、 how to improve their sports skillsB. introduce a variety of techniques that can be used to improve certain skillsC. share some information about visualization and its benefits and limitsD. tell readers how to create an inner how-to guide for a special skill in their minds D3 1-4 DDBC阅读下面材料，并根据内容选出最

34、佳选项。Alumni (校友) Weekend is just one in a series of festivals, many of which are suitable for all ages.Open Cambridge79 SeptemberCelebrate Cambridges history, architecture, art and gardens with walks and events in the city.cam.ac.uk/opencambridgeWinter Wordfest27 NovemberCelebrate the enduring pleasu

35、res of the written word at Winter Wordfest. It covers all genres (文学体裁) with a fantastic variety of events for the entire family to enjoy.*John Hegley will be appearing at Winter Wordfest in November.cambridgewordfest.co.ukGenetics Centenary Lecture day7 SeptemberIn honor of the centenary of the Art

36、hur Balfour Chair of Genetics at Cambridge, this one-day symposium (研讨会) features lectures from the current Balfour Professor David Glover FRS, Sir Walter Bodmer (University of Oxford) and Professor Chris Marshall (Institute of Cancer Research) among many others.Tickets cost £240 per person and include all lectures, refreshments throughout the day and dinner at Churchill College.alumni.cam.ac.uk/eventsChamber Music Concert13 NovemberSome of Cambridges finest young musicians perform at an ex