城市居住区环境艺术设计浅析

1、城市居住区环境艺术设计浅析摘要：城市居住区艺术景观设计是一门科学，更是一门艺术。优美宜人的城市居住区环境能够提升城市的区域环境质量。要科学进行城市居住区环境艺术景观设计，创造人与环境、人与自然和谐发展的局面。关键词：城市居住区环境艺术设计一、城市居住区环境艺术景观的构成及设计理念1、城市居住区环境艺术景观的构成在艺术景观设计中如何对这些设计元素进行综合取舍合理配置乃是艺术景观设计的要点。（1）绿化。城市居住区的园艺绿化中，可将乔、灌、花、草结合，用草类塑造背景，点缀乔木、灌木、花卉，形成高低错落的绿化景观；将平面与立体结合，加强围墙绿化、阳台绿化、屋顶绿化、悬挂绿化、攀爬绿化等；将实用性与艺术

2、性结合，在艺术设计中追求构图、颜色、对比、质感，形成绿点、绿带、绿廊、绿坡、绿面等绿色景观，丰富城市居住区绿化的内涵。（2）道路。好的道路设计可以成为城市居住区的一道亮丽风景线。道路往往和路牙、路边块石、休闲坐椅、植物配置、灯具等共同构成城市居住区最基本的艺术景观线。因此，在进行城市居住区环境艺术设计时，我们有必要对道路曲线、宽窄和分幅、铺材、装饰等进行综合考虑，以赋予道路美的形式。（3）驳岸。在景观艺术设计中，可巧妙设计河道驳岸，制造急流、缓流、静水，形成动静结合的水景，再辅以灯光、喷泉等装饰，则可形成标志艺术景观。（4）铺地。广场铺地在城市居住区中是人们通过和逗留的场所，是人流集中的地方。

3、在艺术设计中，通过它的地坪高差、材质、颜色、肌理、图案的变化创造出富有魅力的路面和场地艺术景观。（5）小品。主要包括雕塑小品、园艺小品、设施小品，小品在城市居住区艺术景观中具有举足轻重的作用，精心设计的小品往往成为人们视觉的焦点和小区的标识，起到画龙点睛、活跃空间气氛的功效，成为城市居住区环境中的闪光点。2、城市居住区环境艺术景观的设计理念（1）自然生态原则。要在尊重、保护自然生态资源的前提下，充分利用基地的原生态山水地形、花草树木、土壤及大自然中的阳光、空气、气候因素等，合理布局、精心设计，创造出接近自然的城市居住区绿色艺术景观环境。（2）以人为本原则。居民对城市居住区环境有着物质方面和精神

4、方面的要求。艺术景观设计要强调对人的关怀。体现在活动场地分布、交往空间设置、艺术景观小品等方面，创造一个更加健康生态、更具亲和力的城市居住区环境。（3）因地制宜原则。城市居住区的环境艺术景观设计，要突出其地域性特征，充分表现基地所在地的自然景观特色和历史文化传统，使艺术景观设计根植于地方土壤。（4）经济适用原则。城市居住区的环境艺术景观设计，要在保证各项使用功能的前提下，尽可能降低造价。既要考虑到环境艺术景观建设的费用，还要兼顾到建成后的管理和运行的费用。二、城市居住区环境艺术景观设计的着力点城市居住区环境艺术景观设计，既要提高自然生态意识，使人与自然和谐共处，还要满足居民各种活动的需求，便于

5、居民的活动、休闲、交往，使居民感受到地方的人文精神和美的享受。 1、注重因地制宜地进行设计布局（1）考虑当地风土人情特点。了解该地的历史与现状，掌握其发展趋势，因地制宜进行艺术景观设计，与历史环境相结合，贯彻生态原则、文化原则的设计布局，易于为当地居民接受和认同。（2）考虑原有地形地貌形态。在对城市居住区艺术景观环境进行总体布局时，首先以贯彻“尊重自然”与“可持续发展”的思想，在尊重原有自然地形地貌条件，维护和保持基地原有的自然生态平衡的基础上进行布局设计。（3）考虑外部自然景观资源。运用各种造景手法，将城市居住区周围有观赏价值的自然、人文艺术景观资源纳入到城市居住区的艺术景观序列中

6、，或为视觉交点，或遥相呼应，创造出城市居住区宜人的自然山水景观。2、注重艺术景观空间创造的多样性一个好的居住环境，应该让生活在其中的居民感到安全、方便、舒适。艺术景观空间的设计应通过城市居住区艺术景观环境绿色活动空间的创造，满足不同社会群体、年龄层次及不同兴趣爱好的群体的需要，满足居民进行各项户外活动的需要。艺术景观空间的设计，也应该动、静结合，开、闭相间。通过对地下、半地下车库的地形处理、架空层的利用等，营造多层次的立体绿色艺术景观活动空间。利用高低错落、层次丰富的树木花草、花坛坐凳、山石小品，使城市居住区户外活动空间掩映在一片绿树丛中，使户外活动空间在形式、内容、性质、景观等方面呈现出多样

7、性，达到生态化、功能化、景观化、便捷化、多样化。3、注重植物艺术景观创造的生态性（1）以植物造景为主，形成点线面结合的绿色艺术景观。点，指城市居住区中的公共绿地、组团绿地，是城市居住区绿色艺术景观系统中的艺术景观节点，是城市居住区居民进行户外活动的公共活动空间；线，指城市居住区中的道路艺术景观绿化、城市居住区周围的防护性绿化带；面，指城市居住区中面积最大，与居民日常生活最为贴近的宅旁绿地。（2）增加植物多样性，构筑稳定的生态植物群落。在城市居住区环境艺术景观设计中，增加植物品种的多样性，形成自然植物群落的生态布局，增加绿量，提高植物群落的生态效益，形成层次、色彩丰富、多样的植物艺术景观。为此，

8、在植物的选择上，要注重适地适树，选择乡土树种。这样由乡土树种组成的植物群落，结构稳定，长势良好，还能体现出城市居住区环境艺术景观的地方特色。（3）立体绿化，增加城市居住区的绿化量和生态效果。加强屋顶绿化、墙面绿化、阳台窗台绿化、棚架绿化等，增加绿地面积，进一步地将绿色艺术景观与建筑有机结合，使绿色空间与建筑室内空间互相交融、渗透，软化建筑平直的线条，使建筑与绿地形成自然过渡，减少屋顶、墙面材料的热辐射，减少局部的热岛效应，改善城市居住区的小气候，产生生态的环保节能效果。City Residential District Environmental Art DesignAbstract: Cit

9、y residential district landscape design is a science, is an art. Beautiful city residential environment can improve the city 's environmental quality. To science city residential district environmental art landscape design, create the human and the environment, the harmonious development of man

10、and nature.Key word：City residential area of environmental art designOne，city residential district environmental landscape structure and design concept1，city residential district environmental landscape structure.In the art of landscape design of how these design elements were integrated choice of r

11、easonable configuration is the art of landscape design points.（1）Green. City residential area green gardening, Joe, irrigation can be, flowers, grass combined with grass, trees, shrubs, shaping background, embellishment, flowers, or a combination of the green landscape; the plane and three-dimension

12、al combination, strengthen walls greening, balcony greening, roof greening, greening, greening and other suspension climbing; the utility and the artistry, in art design in the pursuit of composition, color, contrast, texture, form green, green, green corridors, green slope, green, green landscape,

13、rich connotation of city landscaping of residential area.（2）Road. Good road design can become a residential area in the city together beautiful scenery line. Roads and Road teeth, roadside stone, leisure chairs, plant configuration, such as lamps together constitute the most basic city residential d

14、istrict landscape art line. Therefore, in city residential district environmental art design, we have the necessity to road curve, width and amplitude, wood shop, decoration of comprehensive consideration, in order to give the road forms of beauty.（3）Revetment. In the landscape art design, can the i

15、ngenious design of river bank, manufacturing jet, flow, hydrostatic, forming a combination of static and dynamic features, supplemented by lights, fountains and other decoration, can form sign art landscape.（4）Textile floor coverings. Square paving in the city residential areas is the people through

16、 and length of stay in place, are places of assembly. In art and design, through which the floor height, material, color, texture, pattern changes create a glamorous pavement and site-specific art landscape.（5）Sketch. Including sculpture, gardening pieces, facilities pieces, pieces in the city resid

17、ential area landscape art has play a decisive role in the role, well-designed pieces often become visual focus and cell identification, a finishing touch, active space atmosphere effect, become the city environment in the residential area of flash point.2，city residential district environmental and

18、design concept（1）Ecological principle. To respect, protect the natural ecological resources, make full use of the original ecological landscape terrain, base of flowers and trees, soil and nature in the sunshine, air, climate factors, reasonable layout, elaborate design, creating nearly natural city

19、 residential district green landscape environment.（2）The people-oriented principle. Residents of the city residential environment with material and spiritual demands. The art of landscape design should emphasize on human solicitude. Reflected in the active site distribution, communication space, lan

20、dscape art pieces and other aspects, to create a more healthy, more affinity for the city ecological environment in the residential area.（3）Suit one's measures to local conditions principle. City residential district environmental landscape design, to highlight the regional characteristics, the

21、full performance of the base seat of the natural landscape features and historical and cultural traditions, so that the art of landscape design is rooted in the local soil.（4）The application of economic principles. City residential district environmental landscape design, to ensure that each use fun

22、ction under the premise, as far as possible to reduce cost. We must take into account the environmental art landscape construction costs, but also to take into account after the completion of the management and operation cost.Two，city residential district environmental landscape design focusCity res

23、idential district environmental landscape design, it is necessary to improve the natural ecological consciousness, the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, but also to meet the needs of various activities for residents, residents activities, leisure, communication, so that residents feel the lo

24、cal humanistic spirit and enjoy. 1，Pay attention to suit one's measures to local conditions to design layout（1）Considering the local characteristics of local customs and practices. In order to know the history and the present situation, the development trend of landscape art design, suit on

25、e's measures to local conditions, and the history of the combination of environmental, carry out ecological principle, cultural principle design layout, easy for local residents to accept.（2）Considering the original terrain landform. In the city residential area landscape art environment for the

26、 conduct of the overall layout, the first to implement the" respect for nature" and" sustainable development" the thought, in respect of the original natural terrain conditions, and maintain the original base of natural ecological balance on the basis of layout design.（3）Consider

27、ing the external natural landscape resources. Using various landscaping technique, the city residential area around the ornamental value of nature, humanities landscape resources into city residential district landscape art in the sequence, or as the visual point of intersection, or echo each other

28、at a distance, to create the city residential district pleasant landscape.2，Pay attention to the art of landscape space to create diversity in a good living environment, should let the life in which people feel safe, convenient, comfortable.The art of landscape space design of city residential area

29、should be through art landscape green space creation, meet the needs of different social groups, age levels and different interest groups needs, meet the residents of various outdoor activities need. The art of landscape space design, should also be dynamic, static binding, open, close. Based on the

30、 underground, semi-underground garage terrain processing, elevated levels of use, build mutiple level stereo green art of landscape space. Utilization of scattered high and low, rich layers of flowers and trees, flower beds, stone stool sketch, make the city residential area outdoor activity space i

31、n a piece of green leaves, to make space for outdoor activities in the form, content, nature, landscape and other aspects to show diversity, achieve ecological, landscape, functional, convenient, diversification.3，Pay attention to botanical art landscape ecology（1）To plant landscaping, formation of

32、point-line green landscape art. Point, a city in residential area of public green space, green groups, is the city residential district green landscape system in the artistic landscape nodes, is the city residential area residents were outdoor public space; line, refers in residential area of city r

33、oad landscape, art city residential area around the protective green belt; surface, refers to the city residential area in the area is the largest, with the daily life of residents the most close to the building nearby green space.（2）Increasing plant diversity, build stable plant community ecology. In the city residential district environmental art landscape design, plant species diversity, form the natura