小升初英语系列-形容词和副词教学文稿

1、<<<<<<精品资料形容词和副词讲义及演练一.形容词1 .修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。一般“的”的词都是形容词。如：She is a beautiful girl. （S亮的）2 .在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。如：I have an interesting book. （interesting趣的， 修饰 book, 在句中作定语）We are happy today. （happytft乐的，在句中作表语）Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.（cleanF净的，tidy 整

2、洁的， 在 句中都作宾语补足语）一3 .多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列顺序限定词+外观类+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词（简记：县官行令色国才）如：a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一个17岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩。the big round red wooden table.又大又圆的红色木质饭桌。二.副词：1 .通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句子，在句中作状语。一般“地”的词都是副词。如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.仔细地,认真地）2 .副词的

3、分类1）时间副词:now, today等2） 频度副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never3） 地点副词： here, there, upstairs, downstairs 等3）方式副词：carefully, fast, well, politely 等4）程度副词：much, little, quite 等5） 疑问副词：how, when, where, why 等三.形容词转化成副词1 . 一般在形容词后加ly,如：quick-quickly2 .以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i,力口 ly,如：happy-happ

4、ily3 .以ue结尾的形容词，去 e加ly,如：true-truly注：有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性，如：fast, hard, high, late, far等，它们的词性只有通 过具体语境来判断。另外，有些以ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词，如：friendly, lovely lonely, lively 等。四.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成1 .比较级：两者之间进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如 tall-taller, well-better2 .最高级：三者或三者以上进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如 long-longest3 .比较级和最高级的变化规则：规则变化（单音

5、节和少数双音节）：a. 在词尾直接力口 -er/est,如：short-shorter-shortestb. 词尾是 e, 只力口-r/st,如：nice-nicer-nicestc. 以辅音字母+y 结尾的， 变 y 为i 再力口-er/est,如：happy-happier-happiestd.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，冉加 -er/est,如：big-bigger-biggeste.其他双音节词和多音节词，其前力口more/most,如：more/most delicious不规则变化：如下表（简记为：好、坏、多、少、远）词义原级比较级最高级好good/wellb

6、etterbest坏bad/badly/illworseworst多many/muchmoremost少littlelessleast远farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest五.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法:1 .原级的用法：用于两者之间对比，意思为“和相同”相当于 the same as- 肯定句：A+动词.+as+形容词/副词原级+as BTom is as honest as Jack. Jack runs as fast as Peter.否定句：A+动词.+not as/so.”容词/副词原级+as BThis tree is not as/so

7、tall as that one.2 .比较级的用法：1） A+动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+ BSusan is happier than Jane. Lily run faster than Mary注：形容词/副词比较级前还可以用 much, even, still, a little, far, a lot, a bit来修饰。2）数字（倍数）+形容词/副词比较级+thanI ' m two years older than you.Our classroom is twice bigger than yours.3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越”The eart

8、h is getting warmer and warmer.4） the +比较级,the +比较级,表示“越 ,就越”The more, the better.越多越好。（多多益善）3 .最高级用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较，最高级前加the,最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名 词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。1） one of the + 最高级Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.2）比较级句型表达最高级意义A+动词+比较级+than+any other+B（单数）如：The Changji

9、ang River is longer than any other river in China.A+动词+比较级+than+the other+B（复数）如：The Changjiang River is longer than the other rivers in China.<<<<<<精品资料<<<<<<精品资料»»»»以上两句意思相当于： The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.随堂演练（满分100分）一、写

10、出下列形容词或副词的比较级、最高级 （23*1分=23分）oldyoungtalllongshortstrongbigsmallfatthinheavylightnicegoodbeautifullowhigh一slowfastlate early_farwell二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：(23*1分=23分)1. My brother is two years(old)than me.2. Tom is as(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is(thin),you or Helen? H

11、elen is.5. Whose pencil-box is(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Mary ' s hair is as(long) as Lucy' s.7. Ben(jump)(high) than some of the boys in his class.8 .Nancy sing(well) than Helen? Yes, she.9 .Fangfang is not as(tall) as the other girls.10 .My eyes are(big) than(she).11 .Which is(heavy),

12、the elephant or the pig?12 .Who gets up(early),Tim or Tom?13 .the girls get up(early) than the boys?No,they.14 . Jim runs(sl ow). But Ben runs(slow).15.The child doesn' t(write) as(fast) as thestudents.三、小小翻译家：(62*0.5分=31分)1、谁比 Jim 年纪大？是你。 is than Jim ? are.2、谁比 David 更强壮？是 Gao Shan. than David?

13、 Gao Shan .3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。pencil is,or ? is,I think.4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。apples ,your or your? My .5、 你和你的叔叔样高吗？ 是的。as as your uncle?Yes,I am.6、他和他的朋友Jim 一样年轻。 He as as Jim.7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。as as twin? No,than him.<<<<<< 精品资料 8 .Yang Ling 每天睡得比SuYang 晚。 Yang Lin

14、g to than Su Yang every day.9 .我跳得和Mike 一样远。I as as Mike.10 .Tom 比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。Tom than you?No,he . Heasas.11 .多做运动，你会更强壮。more exercise,you ll soon.12 .我的科学很好，但是语文不好。I at Science.But I don t well in Chinese.13 . 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。youthe kitethan Wang bing?No,Iit than_.14 .我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢

15、。I like.All my than me.15 .我的姐姐起得比我早。My up than me.16 .女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。the girls the boys? Yes,they .17 .她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。She doesn t in PE. But Idon t than.18 .你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。_ you football than your classmates?No,theyasas me.四、将下列各组单词重新排序.使构成有意义地词组。（ 5*1 分 =5 分）1. fat, the, cat, white2. Ol

16、ympics, green, a, great3. expensive, that, jacket, brown4. an, book., interesting, thick5. round, three, plates, yellow<<<<<< 精品资料 五、选词填空（18*1 分 =18 分）1. My sister is getting . A. fater and fater B. fatter and fatter C. more fatter and fatter D. more andmore fatter2. They are to us

17、 than before.A. friend B. friendly C. more friendly D. friendier3. Jack is the boy our class.A. tallest. in B. taller. in C. most tall. of D. more tall. of4. It is not warm yesterday. Put on more clothes.A. so . on B. so. inC. as .at D. as. as5. Hangzhou is one of cities I have visited.A. beautiful

18、B. beauitifulier C. more beautiful D. the most beautiful6. Both Andy and I drive slowly. Tom drives fast. So Tom drives of all.A. slowerB. the slowest C. fasterD. the fastest7. My sister is a girl.A good B wellC very8一Is it your toy taxi? 一 No. it s hisA May be B May C Maybe9. are you?I m , thank yo uAWhat；good