第四节第四次课随堂笔记

1、课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供第四次课 随堂笔记今天依然来讲中心思想题为什么“中心思想题”讲了四节课之久？中心思想这个话题展开来讲有很多，四节课已经很浓缩了希望你能读懂文章来做对题目，怎么样才叫读懂文章？理解了中心思想就是读懂了文章。细节题不单独拿出来讲，细节题在全文讲解的过程当中已经有所涉及。细节题不推理。中心思想题选项中不同类型词汇的做题意义：顺序不要乱1.名词关注范围2.形容词（及还有感彩的动词和名词）缩小范围的基础上，来确定方向3.副词精确的校验我们的第 12 节课我们从文章的角度来考虑如何做中心思想题第 3 节课我们从题目的角度来考虑如何做中心思想题第二遍、第三遍做的时候要把思路整理出

2、来。【注意】中心词同义替换1.选项中2.文章中例如：2011 年text2 满篇文章都有CEO 这个概念，特别显眼。但是不能因为看到 CEO课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供就贸然排除 30 题中的 C 和D 选项。因为C 和D 中有CEO 的同义改写。中心思想题的方法：1.串线：将各段首末句串成一个整体，注意转折处【已讲】2.中心词：文中反复出现的高频词【已讲】3.中心句的方法：文章开头提问的回答对该问题的回答，与中心思想密切相关。独句段独句段为什么成为了独句段？是因为他太重要了，其他句子没有资格和他成为一段。所以他可能成为中心思想。但是能成为独句段的句子一定是长难句。文章不可能全篇都是长难句，一

3、定是长短结合的。文章中的长难句，不可能让你一遍读懂，肯定要读 23 遍。当长短句结合的时候，一篇文章 20 分钟是很合适的。拿着笔在卷子上一定要对长难句进行分析，甚至 23 遍。不能因为他难，就把长难句给略过了。2010 年英语（一）text1这篇文章是英语的一个转折点，它难就难在了长难句，长难句的数量增加。第一段：报纸中艺术在Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching

4、has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage【. 独句段】读长难句抓住干，但是抓主干没有那么容易。所以我们反其道而行，我们去掉非主课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供干。介词引导的一定是非主干。第二段：It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism

5、（=coverage） could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number ofthe most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed

6、 suitable forpublication in general-circulation dailies.第三段：We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews（ =criticism=coverage ） published in England between the turn of the 20thcentury and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism

7、 was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the eventsthey covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers whowore their learning ligh

8、tly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest,could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “Sofew authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own endup in journalism,”wrote, “that I am

9、 tempted to define journalism as a课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are .”第四段：Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, whowrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in1975, is now known solel

10、y as aDuringhislifetime,though, classical-music critics, a stylistwriter of essays on the game of cricket.hewasalsooneofEnglandsforemost so widely admired that his Autobiography(1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is

11、 now in print, and his vast bodyof writings on music is unknown save to specialists.第五段：Is there any chance that Carduss criticism will enjoy a revival? Theprospect seems remote（ =decline ） . Journalistites had changed longbefore his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richlyuphols

12、teredVicwardianproseinwhichhespecialized.Moreover,the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat. (428 words)25.What would be the best title for the text?Aof the Good Old Days范围太大，这篇文章翻来覆去都在讲报纸中的一个版块艺术评论的。B The Lost Horizon in Newspapers【】Lost Horizon 这是一个修辞，查过文章的出处之后，文章的标题就是这

13、个。题目都Newspapers课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供就自带着标题的。Lost Horizon 消失是出题人出的，除了中心思想题。因为了的地平线，比喻的就是文中的艺术评论。C Mournful Decline of范围太大了，比newspaper 的范围还大。D Prominentin Memorycritic 是指一个“人”，而不是指“艺术评论”。criticcriticism 这是一个很大的干扰选项。2010 年2016 年的出题套路变了，我们要摸清楚 2010 年2016 年的出题套路。【下面举例说明中心思想题爱走文艺英语（一）2007 年text1】中心思想题爱走文艺25.Whic

14、h of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text tries toconvey?ABCD“Faith will move mountains.” “One reaps what one sows.” “Practice makes perfect.”“Like father, like son.”英语（一）2007 年text335.Which of the following is the best title for this text?A The Middle Class on the AlertB The Mi

15、ddle Class on the CliffC The Middle Class inCriticsJournalism课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供D The Middle Class in Ruins英语（一）2011 年text230.Which of the following is the best title for the text?A CEOs: Where to Go?B CEOs: All the Way Up?C Top Managers Jump without a NetD The Only Way Out for Top Performers英语（二）2011 年t

16、ext230. The most appropriate title for this text would be.AAmerican Newspapers：Struggling for SurvivalBAmerican Newspapers：Gone with the WindCAmerican Newspapers：A Thriving BusinessDAmerican Newspapers：A Hopeless Story专题：串联题干推测中心先题后文对于做题而言更有效率英语（二）2011 年text226. By saying “ Newspapers like their own

17、 doom”(Para. 1)， the authorindicates that newspapers.27. Somenewspapersrefuseddeliverytodistantsuburbsprobably课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供because.28. Compared with their American counterparts（对应物，翻译成：Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they.），29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph aboutnews

18、paper business？thecurrent30. The most appropriate title for this text would be.AAmerican Newspapers：Struggling for SurvivalBAmerican Newspapers：Gone with the WindCAmerican Newspapers：A Thriving BusinessDAmerican Newspapers：A Hopeless Story报纸还是不错的，所以排除B 和D 选项这种表达大的方向，评价的选项。题干仅仅是给一些提示，不是说看了题干就直接做题了。原文

19、：第一段：Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemednear. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San FranciscoChroniclewerechroniclingtheirowndoom.America'sFederalTradeCommission launche

20、d a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them? It willhold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供第二段：In much of the world there is little sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers

21、have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled corner of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few yearsago, but profit all the same.第三段：It has not been much fun. Many paper

22、s stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13, 500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved

23、 the right ones and，sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.第四段：Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came fro

24、m advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.第五段：The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much ofthe damage has been concentra

25、ted in areas where newspapers are least课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in thenewspaper business.文章

26、虽然提出了报纸业的一些问题，但是并没有说它会。英语（一）2008 年text121. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?A Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.B Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.C Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.D Men and women show di

27、fferent inclinations when faced with stress.22.Dr. Yehudas research suggests that womenA need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress.B have limited capacity for tolerating stress.C are more capable of avoiding stress.D are exposed to more stress.23.According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confr

28、ont tends to be24.The sentence “I lived from paycheck to paycheck.” (Line 6, Para. 5) showsthat课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A Strain of Stress: No Way Out?B Responses to Stress: Gender DifferenceC Stress Analysis: What Chemicals SayD Gender Inequality:

29、 Wonder Stress【】确认一下英语（一）2009 年text226. In paragraphs 1 and 2 , the text shows PTKs.27. PTK is used to.28. Skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to.29. In the last paragraph, a problem commercial genetic testing faces .is30. An appropriate title for the text is most likely to be.A

30、Fors and Againsts of DNA TestingB DNA Testing and Its Problems 【】C DNA Testing Outside the LabD Lies behind DNA Testing的时候不能够直接看完题干和选项就做题目，先题后文是一个“助攻”，它可以课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供帮你预判文章。最后还是要通过“串线”来确认你的预判是否正确。英语（一）2013 年text331. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by.32.The IUCNs “Red List” suggest th

31、at human being are.33.Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?34.To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to.35.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A Uncertainty about Our Future【】B Evolution of the Human SpeciesC The Ever-bright Prospects of MankindD Sc

32、ience, Technology and Huma英语（一）2014 年text226.Alot of students take up law as their profession due to.27.Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in mostAmerican states?28.Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from.课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供29.The guild-like ownership structur

33、e is considered “ restrictive ”because it.partly30.In this text, the author mainly discusses. Aflawed ownership of Americas law firms and its causes Bthe factors that help make a successful lawyer in AmericaCa problem in Americas legal profession and solutions to it【】Dthe role of undergraduate studi

34、es in Americas legal education咱们在的时候能够看到题干中有重复的内容，能够有所察觉即可。2012 年英语（二）Text 1先看题干：21. It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework.22. L.A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly becausepoorstudents.同义改写23. According to Paragraph 3, one problem with the policy is that it may.24. As men

35、tioned in Paragraph 4, a key question unanswered about homeworkis whether.25. A suitable title for this text could be.这篇文章我们串联完题干之后第一段：课程更新务必加酷学网友情提供Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents, but （递进）in recent years it has been particularly scorned. School district

36、s across the country, most recently Los Angeles Unified, are revisingtheir thinking on his educational ritual.（传统） Unfortunately【】,L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible【】 policy which mandatesthat with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a stud

37、ents academic grade.读文章读的就是形容词，因为形容词富含感彩，富含感彩那么就意味着出现了作者的观点。如何区分观点和例子？通过 believe 这些单词来已经过时了。当出现感彩十分词汇表着作者的观点出现了。inflexible【】（ADJ-GRADED）不可改变的；不容变更的Something that is inflexible cannot be altered in any way , even if the situation.（ADJ-GRADED）顽固的，的If you say that someone is inflexible ,you are critici

38、zing them because theyrefuse to change their mind or alter their way doing things.21. It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework.【细节题】Ais receiving more criticism【】Bis no longer an educational ritual【与原文意思相反】文中只说对“传统”的一个反思，但没有说“传统”丢失Cis not required for advanced courses【细节信息干扰】课程更新务必加酷学网友情提

39、供Dis gaining more preferences 【与原文意思相反】第二段：This rule is meant to address （ 处理） the difficulty that students from impoverished （ =poor ） or chaotic homes might have in completing their homework. But the policy is unclear and contradictory. Certainly, no homeworkshould be assigned that students cannot

40、 complete on their own or that they cannot do without expensive equipment. But if the district is essentially giving a pass to students who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, it is going riskily close to the implication that standards need to belowered for poor children.细节

41、题，好的句子就是你的解题依据。22. L.A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly because poor students.Atend to have moderate expectations for their educationBhave asked for a different educational standardCmay have problems finishing their homework【】Dhave voiced their complaints about homework第三段：District ad

42、ministrators say that homework will still be a pat of schooling; teachers are allowed to assign as much of it as they want. But with homework counting for no more than 10% of their grades, students can easily skip halftheir homework and see very little difference on their report cards. Some课程更新务必加酷学

43、网友情提供students might do well on state tests without completing their homework, but what about the students who performed well on the tests and did their homework? It is quite possible that the homework helped. Yet rather thanempowering teachers to find what works best for their students, the policyim

44、poses a flat, across-thrule.词（little）往往也是出题的重点。23. According to Paragraph 3, one problem with the policy is that may.Aresult in students' indifference to their report cards（成绩单）【×】Bundermine the authority of state tests【×】（没有谈及）Crestrict teachers' power in education【×】it整个第三段，都不是主体。Ddiscourage students