中英文_微生物捕获碳循环燃料□海迪富

1、 微生物碳捕获生态燃料海逖富 微生物碳捕获生态燃料课题组组长 联合国-国际生态安全科学院副院长 蒋明君 2009年5月12日(註：这是新闻发布会的材料；现在已经投產九年；湖南某市日產20吨)微生物碳捕获生态燃料海逖富是利用垃圾渗滤液和城市污水通过多级微生物发酵而生产出来的液体燃料。“海逖富”是取自英语高效能源燃料 (High-energy Fuel)的谐音。“海逖富”的研发,最初是泰国華侨邓楚柏先生在城市垃圾无害处理系统中，发现了高浓度污水中28种微生物群落具有可燃性，由此得到联合国国际生态安全科学院副院长、国际生态安全合作组织主席蒋明君院士与日本东京大学江鹰博士和深圳环保局李世良总工程师的参

2、与和支持，使该项目在研发和理论研究方面取得了初步进展。通过初试，目前热量已达到9000-12000大卡，适用于家庭、宾馆、饭店以及工业取暖等，将来可用于发电农机具和汽车等交通设施。一、“海逖富”的生产过程与合成原理“海逖富”是由三种混合污水(城市污水、垃圾渗滤液、工业污水)通过添加特殊微生物群落发酵而成的有机液体燃料。由污水转化成液体燃料必须要解决以下三个难题：第一是对污水的除臭问题。第二是对污水的安全处理问题，包括对有害菌体和重金属的处理问题。第三是提升污水的燃烧热值问题。把污水转化成液体燃料的第一步工作是除去污水的恶臭气味。如果不能有效除去工业和城市污水的恶臭气味，工作人员将无法进行系列的

3、合成操作。“海逖富”原料的除臭工艺，目前，已采用自己研发的特殊除臭微生物群落，除臭效果可靠，有效地除去了工业和城市污水的异臭气味。除臭剂中不含重金属成分，因此，主体配方区别于传统的市场产品。把污水转化成液体燃料的第二步工作是对污水中有害细菌进行灭菌消毒。因为污水中含有大量的有害微生物，只有把这些有害细菌彻底消灭干净，污水才有可能转化成燃料。“海逖富”的原料消毒工艺采用自己研发的特殊的植物提取物质，消毒效果快速有效，对污水中各种有害菌体进行灭菌消毒，在原料消毒处理的同时，添加特殊的化学物质对污水中的重金属进行螯合固化处理，以控制燃烧物的安全。所以“海逖富”是高度卫生没有任何有害菌体，即使在燃烧时

4、也不会产生有害气体的生态安全燃料。提高污水的燃烧热值是把污水转化成液体燃料最为关键的一个步骤。因为在污水中能利用的热值非常少,即使在高浓度的废水中能做为燃烧物质也是非常有限的，“海逖富”主要原料是垃圾渗滤液、工业污水、城市污水，而垃圾渗滤液中总有机碳约在1520g/L的水平，其它两种原料中总有机碳与燃料“海逖富”比较可忽略不计，而通过对“海逖富”燃料的初步测试显示，总有机碳约在550650g/L的水平，正是这种3040倍总有机碳的增长，使“海逖富”燃料的碳/氢有机结构多次重组奠定了基础。在“海逖富”项目的合成和研究过程中，根据各种质变的污染液体COD的超标指数，提取有益微生物菌种群体中的有效微

5、生物种类，进行培植保养，用微生物菌种捕获阳光和空气中的碳，使各种微生物菌种迅速扩大群体达到向碳转化的作用。通过分阶段添加不同种类的光合微生物菌种，来捕获空气中的碳元素，提高了污水中碳的含量并进行奇妙的有机结构重组，从而达到增加燃烧热值的目的。另外，在特殊诱导因子的作用下进行生化合成反应，加快了把污水中的无机物和有机物成分向可燃基团的方向衍变合成反应,经过一系列的生化合成反应，使污水的燃烧性不断得到进一步的提升，同时还通过调节反应物的反应条件和时间，控制燃料的安全稳定性能，最终把污水衍变合成了具有安全可燃的有机液体，即“微生物碳捕获生态燃料海逖富”。通过目前的试验数据,我们认为“海逖富”燃料是光

6、合微生物等多种微生物群落的混合发酵和生化合成的产物。即是在微生物的作用下，通过固定大气中的二氧化碳作为提高污水热值能量的手段，同时通过添加诱导因子和微生物生化合成作用，提高了对污水中活性氢和可燃功能基团的转变和结合,最终把污水原来无序的无机物和无机物成分衍变合成的具有高效安全的有机液体燃料。“海逖富”的物理特性如下:成分定义以醛和醇为主体的混合有机可燃液体燃烧值:40007000kcal/kg闪点:29密度:800950g/L热量：9000-12000 大卡二、“海逖富”是最为安全的燃料作为生态安全燃料必须具备以下条件:1. 材料来源与运输安全2. 生产过程与耗能安全3. 使用过程与环境安全4

7、. 节能减排与能源安全“海逖富”的原材料是人们在生产和生活中所排泄的废弃物，只要有人群活动，就不可避免产生这种废弃物，我们目前正为如何要处理好这些废弃物而大费脑筋，这不仅需要投入大量的资金，而且对垃圾渗滤液和污水的处理的要求以及建设和运行管理也需要大量的投入，这对许多发展中国家来说是不具备的。而“海逖富”把污水转化成生物能源，一方面减少污染源，另一方面生产出新能源，是节能减排的最佳范例。只要有人群活动的地方，就有“海逖富”原料的资源，为此“海逖富”原料的来源相比其它生物能源的原料，其安全性更胜一筹。“海逖富”燃料是一种耗能最少的燃料。“海逖富”是通过微生物捕获碳元素合成的碳循环燃料，其合成过程

8、是微生物在常温常压下进行，与目前工业上常用的把木纤维素和淀粉转变为醇类燃料等相比更为节约能源。因为把木纤维素和淀粉转变为醇类燃料需要经过糖化和醇化等合成过程,而这些合成制造过程需要一定的温度和压力。“海逖富”是在常温、常压下合成，而且“海逖富”的原料主要是工业和生活排泄物以及空气中的二氧化碳,所以与目前其他生物燃料相比，不论在材料成本和制造成本，“海逖富”燃料都是最便宜和最安全的。“海逖富”是非常方便和最安全的燃料。“海逖富”的闪点为29，在使用、运输和储存方面都非常安全。此外,由于我们在生产的过程中对有害菌体进行了灭菌消毒处理,并在合成过程中对一些可能在燃烧时能促成有害气体的形成重金属，例如

9、铜等进行了螯合屏蔽处理,经过初步的测试，“海逖富”在燃烧时不能产生有害气体，即使在自然混合表面燃烧的条件下也不会产生黑烟。“海逖富”有利于二氧化碳温室气体的减排。 目前任何燃料在燃烧时都将通过氧化燃料中的碳释放出热能，在各种燃料中的碳成分最终转变为二氧化碳释放到空气中。从这个角度来说，如果我们需要得到一定的燃烧热值就意味我们不得不增加空气中的二氧化碳的含量。而“海逖富”在合成过程中把空气中的二氧化碳固定下来,同时由于微生物的生化合成作用，促进了污水中的成分向含有氢的可燃功能基团方面转化，充分发挥了氢能的热值，这就意味着在燃烧“海逖富”时相同的热值所释放的二氧化碳要比燃烧其它燃料少得多，因此使用

10、“海逖富”燃料将可以大幅度的减少空气中二氧化碳的含量。为此“海逖富”是对控制全球气候变暖、减少二氧化碳排放最为安全的燃料。从以上的四个方面比较、我们可以自豪地说“海逖富”是21世纪最为生态、最为安全的燃料。它的社会价值和商业价值是不可估量的。三、“海逖富”是21世纪最受关注的生物燃料IT产业被认为是20世纪最有商业发展价值的产业、新能源产业被认为是21世纪最有商业发展前景的行业。而“微生物捕获碳循环燃料海逖富”则是在21世纪最有社会效益和商业效益的新能源。最近英国著名气候专家克瑞斯-古达尔出版了一本名为拯救地球的十项技术的新书，称人类如果使用十种新技术，将可以避免地球出现毁灭性的气候灾难。该十

11、项技术其中之一是“碳捕获技术”。克瑞斯-古达尔专家认为由于目前可再生资源的增长已无法满足全球的能源需求, 因此寻找一种能够有效捕获和存储由发电厂所产生的二氧化碳的方法已成为我们人类所要面对的最重要挑战之一，而“碳捕获技术”将是人们期待的最理想的方法之一，尽管碳捕获技术研究进展缓慢，但各国政府已开始意识到这项研究的重要性，新技术也将运用而生。通过“海逖富”的合成机理，它属于“微生物碳捕获生态燃料”。“海逖富”的产生，这不仅是对传统能源的一次革命，也是对新一代生物能源的挑战。首先，“海逖富”的合成理论和制造工艺挑战了物质再利用的极限，挑战了物质能量转化的极限，挑战了微生物在人为的诱导下对捕获空气中

12、的碳元素以及对物质合成的极限。 由于“海逖富”把污水转化成新能源，它对我们地球生态安全的容量也提出了新的挑战。 如果我们能完全掌握把污水转化成高效生态能源技术、这就意味着我们可以拥有在地球上永远生存的权利。因为到目前为止人类一方面大量地消耗自然资源，而另一方面把大量废弃物排放到自然环境中，为此，人类在地球上的生存已经受到严重威胁。而“海逖富”的出现将给人类带来了无限的希望、因为它把我们的废弃物和大气中的二氧化碳在非常低成本的条件下合成了新的能源、不仅是物质得到循环利用、物质中蕴藏的能源也得到最大的发挥，全球气候变暖问题将得到有效缓解，如果把“海逖富”的技术推广普及并应用于其他行业、那么我们今天

13、的生活方式和生活水平将得到巨大的改善。我们将不用为整天处理工业和生活的废弃物所苦恼，我们也不用担心因为全球气候变暖而造成物种的减少或因海平面提升而使人类赖以生存的陆地减少。 “微生物碳捕获生态燃料海逖富”具有巨大的社会价值和商业价值，将成为21世纪最为重要的新能源燃料。四、“海逖富”在研究过程中遇到的技术问题“海逖富”自从研发至今已有若干年，由于资金和其它原因，该项目在科学定位方面还一直没有得到很好的发展。首先，由于污水的成分非常复杂，污水来源不同和季节的变化，污水中的成分也发生很大变化，为此“海逖富”的生产工艺也必须根据污水成分的不同而有所变更。到目前为止针对不同成分的污水，所生产“海逖富”

14、的工艺路线还没有标准化。如果这个问题不能解决，就不能在中国广泛地普及和推广。由于经费短缺，到目前为止终试一直没能得以实施，只有等到终试完成后，通过收集各种数据后才能针对不同成分污水设定最佳的生产工艺路线。“海逖富”的合成理论体系还有待于完善。一个新理论和新学说的建立需要的大量的实验数据，而我们目前仅通过实验室的一些简单数据和多年的经验、要建立一个挑战传统物质转化和能量转化的全新理论，单就目前我们所掌握的数据和经验是不够的。为了使我们目前所掌握的经验和数据有广泛的指导意义，我们必须加快对以下问题进行研究和解决：1不同微生物群落在不同合成阶段的作用和影响因素。2不同污染源中的各种成分对合成“海逖富

15、”的干扰。3合成“海逖富”过程中固定二氧化碳的路线,以及受影响的因素。4添加合成诱导因子对“海逖富”燃料的影响、包括热值、闪点、燃烧 时排放的气体等。5如何保证大规模研发“海逖富”时保证微生物菌种的质量和数量。6在研发“海逖富”过程中对不同的污水成分的最佳比例及生产工艺7对含有高浓度重金属污水在合成过程中对微生物群落的影响, 以及如何防止在燃烧过程中产生有害气体等。 需要研究解决的问题不仅仅是上述问题,包括合成原理，能源转化机理等理论问题,以及在实际生产上设计工艺等问题都需要进一步研究。“海逖富”的合成理论是创新的、划时代的，或许目前对能源的生化合成理论很多人还不能完全接收，可以预想 “海逖富

16、”的合成理论一旦公布于世、将震动多个学术领域、包括污水处理、能源利用、微生物生化合成等。为此我们更需要以科学态度加快对“海逖富”项目的研究，这需要多学科、多专业的配合，需要一个更强、更有效的团队进行深入的研究和科学定位。附表：海逖富二十八个微生物菌种名称PDeyPDeyyPDe Anaerobes1 弃味菌2 排味菌3 厌氧菌PDe Yeast PDe Mushroom 4 酵母菌5 蘑菇菌PDe Anaerobes YeastPDe Jelly fish bacteria6 厌氧酵母菌7 水母菌PDe Falls bacteria PDe Tadpole bacteria8 瀑布菌9 蝌蚪菌

17、PDe BacteriaPDe Activated bacteria 10 细菌11 活性炭菌PDe Nicotine bacteria PDe Strain vinegar12 尼古丁菌13 香醛菌PDe Sulfur-bacteria PDe Liquor bacteria14 硫磺酚菌15 酒菌PDe Sodium Sulflde bacteria PDe Streptomyces16 硫化钠类菌17 霉菌PDe Water bacteria PDe Kill bacteria 18 水膜菌19 杀灭菌PDe Fire-fighting bacteria PDe Assistant fi

18、re bacteria20 灭火菌21 助火菌PDe Silk bacteria PDe Acting my cetes 22 丝菌23 放线菌PDe Floating bacteria PDe Sinking bacteria24 上浮菌25 下沉菌PDe Phosphoric acid bacteria PDe Carbon bacteria26 磷酸菌27 碳素菌PDe Bad acid bacteria28 臭酸细胞菌Introduction on Microbe-Carbon-Capturing Eco-Fuelof -High-Energy Fuel Vice President

19、of UN/International Academy of Ecology and Life Protection SciencesJiang Mingjun May 12, 2009Microbe-carbon-capturing Eco-fuel (Hai Ti Fu/high-energy fuel) is liquid fuel made from landfill leach ate and urban sewage through multi-level microbial zymolysis. Chinese “Hai Ti Fu” is phonogram for Engli

20、sh words of High-Energy Fuel (HTF). The research and development of HTF are initially discovered by Deng Chubo, overseas Chinese residing in Thailand, in the process of non-pollution treatment of municipal refuse, 28 microbial communities in high concentration sewage are found flammable. Thus, Acade

21、mician Jiang Mingjun, Chairman of International Eco-Safety Cooperative Organization, Mr. Jiang Ying, Ph.D of University of Tokyo in Japan, and Li Shiliang, Chief Engineer of Shenzhen Environmental Protection Bureau, together take part in and support Mr. Dengs work, and gain primary achievements in t

22、he aspects of research, development and theory study on this project. After a few trials, the fuel can generates heat of 9,000-12,000 kcal, which now can be used in household, hotels, restaurants and industries for heating, etc, and in future, will be applicable to power generation and farm machiner

23、y and vehicles, etc.I. Production process and synthesis of HTFHTF is organic liquid fuel made from mixture of urban sewage, landfill leachate and industrial sewage and through zymolysis by adding in special microbial communities. There are three difficult problems that have to be solved in the proce

24、ss of transforming sewage into liquid fuels:The first is to deodorize sewage.The second is to achieve the safe treatment of sewage, including the removal of harmful bacteria and heavy metals from sewage.The third is to increase the quantity of combustion value of sewage.The first step is to effectiv

25、ely deodorize the foul smell of industrial and municipal sewage, which will facilitate the following-up synthesis operation conducted by working staff. In the process of deodorization, self-researched and developed special deodorizing microbial communities are adopted to remove the foul smell of ind

26、ustrial and urban sewage, where deodorization is performed effectively and securely. And there remain no heavy metals in this deodorizer, the main formula of which, therefore, is distinctive from conventional deodorants. The second step is to totally sterilize harmful bacteria in the sewage. Only th

27、ose harmful microorganisms be completely reduced, can the sterilized sewage suitably be transformed into fuel. In the process of sterilization, the use of self-researched and developed plant extraction has rapidly and effectively disinfected every kind of bacteria in the sewage. At the same time, sp

28、ecial chemicals are added into the sewage to chelate and solidify heavy metals, which will help to assure the safety of fuel. Thus, “high-energy fuel” is hygienic and free from harmful bacteria, even will not produce any harmful gas during its combustion.The elevation of sewages combustion value is

29、the most key step in turning sewage into liquid fuel. In sewage, what constitutes combustion value is very low; Even in high-concentrated sewage, there just remains extremely limited combustible material. Among the main raw materials of HTF, the concentration of organic carbon is around 15 20 g/L in

30、 landfill leachate, while, compared with 550 650g/L in HTF, the same content in industrial and municipal sewage is negligible. Such 30-40 times increase of organic carbon in sewage has laid the solid foundation for multi-recombination of carbon-hydrogen organic structure of HTF. During the synthesis

31、 and research process, based on the COD exceeding standard index of various deteriorated polluted liquid, to extract effective microbe types from benign microbial communities and grow the culture and keep it alive and to capture carbon in the sunlight and air with microbial community to accelerate t

32、he expansion of various microbial communities, which ultimately convert to carbon. Different kinds of microbial communities are added into the sewage at different reaction phases to capture the carbon from atmosphere, which elevated the carbon content of sewage through wonderful organic recombinatio

33、n and finally increase the combustion value. And a series of biochemical synthesis reactions will, induced by special catalyst, accelerate the process of transforming and synthesizing inorganic and organic ingredients into combustive particles and also gradually elevate the combustive quality of sew

34、age. At the same time, the adjustment of reactants and reaction time can help control the safety and stability of the fuel. Finally sewage can be transformed and synthesized into safe and combustive organic liquid, that is, microbial-carbon-capturing fuel / high-energy fuel.According to present labo

35、ratory data, we figure out that HTF is produced through mixed fermentation and biochemical synthesis of many microbial communities, such as photosynthesis microbe. In other words, the reaction of microbes in sewage can capture the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and increase the combustion value of

36、 sewage. At the same time, the catalysts and bio-chemical synthesis of microbes can speed up the transformation and combination of active hydrogen and combustive particles. Finally disorderly inorganic and organic ingredients in sewage can be transformed and synthesized into effective and safe organ

37、ic liquid fuel.Physical properties of HTF:Ingredients: mixed combustive organic liquid with main content of aldehyde and alcoholCombustion value: 4000 7000 kcal/kgFlash point: 29Density: 800 950 g/LQuantity of heat: 9000 12,000 Kcal.II. HTF is the safest fuel There are four prerequisite conditions o

38、f eco-safety fuel:1. Safety in the procurement and transportation of materials2. Safety in the production process and energy consumption3. Safety in its use and safety to environment4. Safety in energy-saving, pollution-reduction and resourcesThe raw materials for HTF are castoff from the production

39、 and human beings everyday life. And wherever human beings are present, castoffs will emerge. Today we are bothering to consider how to deal with these castoffs, which do not only demand vast financial investment, but also substantive input to the disposal of landfill leachate and sewage, and constr

40、uction and management of these related sewage treatment works. And many developing countries are unable to meet the above requirements. While the production of HTF can transform the sewage into biological fuel, which can simultaneously reduce pollution sources and produce new energy. Therefore, it i

41、s the best practice in energy saving and pollution reduction. Wherever human activities take place, there will be raw materials for HTF. Thus, the procurement of raw materials for HTF is much easier than that for other biological fuels.HTF is one of those fuels that consume least energy during their

42、 production. HTF is a kind of carbon-recycling fuel synthesized by microbes under natural temperature and normal pressure. Compared with the production of alcohol fuel, HTF is more energy-saving, because the process of synthesizing wood fibers and starch into alcohol fuel needs saccharification and

43、alcoholization under the conditions of certain temperature and pressure. While high-fuel fuel is synthesized under the normal temperature and pressure, and its main raw materials are industrial and urban castoffs and carbon dioxide. Therefore HTF is cheaper and safer than other biological fuels both

44、 in the cost of raw materials and production.HTF is convenient and the safest. Its flash point is 29, and it is also very safe in the use, transportation and storage. And we adopt the sterilization and disinfection process in its production and apply chelation to heavy metals, such as cuprum, to avo

45、id the harmful gases possibly generated from the combustion of this fuel. After a few trials, burning HTF does not produce harmful gases, or black smoke in the circumstances of naturally mixed surface combustion.HTF helps reduce greenhouse gas CO2. Presently all the fuels give off heat through the o

46、xidation of carbon, and the carbon in fuels will finally turn into CO2 and be emitted into the air. From this perspective, heat generation will inevitably increase the CO2 content in the air. But in the synthesis of HTF, CO2 in the air has been captured and transformed into hydrogenous combustion pa

47、rticles, which can fully activate the heat reservation in hydrogen. It means that when the same heat value is generated, HTF will emit much less CO2 than other fuels. Thus, the use of HTF will greatly reduce the CO2 content in the air. And HTF is the safest fuel to control global warming and reduce

48、CO2 emission.From the above four aspects, we can proudly boast that HTF is the most ecological and safest fuel in the 21st century and possesses immeasurable social and commercial benefits. High-Energy Fuel (HTF) is the most sought-after bio-fuel in 21st century.While IT industry is being considered

49、 as the one with the most commercial value, and new energy industry with the most promising commercial prospect, “Microbe-Capturing-Carbon Recycling Fuel High-Energy Fuel” is a new energy with both highest social and commercial value in 21st century.Recently, in his new book The Ten Technologies to

50、Save the Planet, Chris Goodall, a famous climate change expert from Britain, claims that ten technologies, if used by human, can prevent the planet from destructive climate catastrophe. And “carbon capturing” is one of them. “The increase of renewable energy has lagged behind the global demand for e

51、nergy, which presents a great challenge to human that is to find an effective way to capture and store carbon dioxide from power plant. And carbon capturing comes as the solution,” writes Chris Goodall. Although the related research goes at a slow pace, governments have realized the importance, whic

52、h will give birth to new technologies.Based on the synthesis mechanism, HTF should be oriented as Microbe-carbon-capturing Eco-fuel. It not only stands as a revolutionary one to the conventional energy but also a challenging one to the new bio-energy. To begin with, the synthesis mechanism and manuf

53、acturing process challenges the utilization and energy converting limit and limits of man-made carbon capturing as well as synthesis technology. HTFs capability to convert sewage water to new energy poses a new challenge to the capacity of eco-safety. If we can grasp this technology, the right of pe

54、rmanently living on this planet can be guaranteed. When people consume natural resources, large quantity of wastes is released to the natural environment, which poses a great threat to their survival. HTF brings people with hope since it convert wastes and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere into new e

55、nergy under a very low cost, which not only realizes the re-cycled use of materials and gives full play to their hidden energy but also helps relieve the global warming. If HTF technology can be applied in a wide range, the living style and standard of us can be greatly improved. We do not have to w

56、orry about how to deal with the domestic and industrial waste and loss of species and living land caused by global warming and sea-level rising. “Microbe-carbon-capturing Eco-fuel High-energy Fuel” will become a new energy with both highest social and commercial value in 21st century.Technological p

57、roblems confronted by HTF in its research and development process.Research on HTF has been conducted for many years, but due to capital and some other reasons, it gains little progress scientifically.Firstly, elements composing the sewage are very complicated because they come from different sources

58、 and seasons, which mean that the technologies have to be changed accordingly. However, until now, this problem has not been solved. Thus, it can not be widely applied in China. Due to the lack of fund, the final test has not been implemented. And the best manufacturing line can not be worked out until the final test is finished when it is possible to collect related figures.The synthesis theory system remains to be improved. The establishment