现在完成时讲解与练习答案

1、 一、时态讲解：现在完成时（ 1 ）构成：现在完成时由助动词 have + 过去分词构成，助动词 have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用 has ，其余用 have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上 not 、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以 study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：  否定式疑问式I have not (havent) studied.Have I studied?You have not (h

2、avent) studied.Have you studied ?He has not (hasnt) studied.Has he studied? 否定疑问式简单回答（肯定 / 否定）Have I not (Havent I) studied?Yes, you have. No, you havent.Have you not (Havent you) studied?Yes, I have. No, I havent.Has he not (Hasnt he) studied?Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.（

3、0;2 ）用法：1 ） 现在完成时 通常表示在 说话之前已经完成的动作 或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的 结果或影响 。    My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。    Im sure weve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。    She has arrived. 她到了。2 ）表示

4、持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如 recently, already, just, lately, fo r, since, yet 等。如：    I havent heard from her these days.  这些日子我没有收到她的信。    We havent seen you recently.  最近我们没有见到你。   

5、0;They have been away for two years.  他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday.  注意：a)       since 和 for 的区别since 后接时间点，如 1993 ， last term, yes terday, the time I got therefor 后接一段时间，表示 “ 

6、;长达多久 ” ，如 ten years, a while, two days 等。Ex ercise : 用 since 和 for 填空1. Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland _ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia _15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been

7、there _ 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country _1974.6. The bus is late. They've been waiting _ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty _ many years.8. Mike has been ill _a long time. He has been in hospital _ October.1. since   2. for 

8、0; 3. for   4. since   5. since   6. for   7. for   8. since2 ）表示短暂意义的动词如 arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die 等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：   He has come here for 2 weeks.   ×

9、0;  The old man has died for 4 months.   ×   They have left only for 5 minutes.   ×以上三句话可以改为：He has been here for 2 weeks.The old man has _ _ for 4 months.They have _ _ only for 5 minutes2 ） have (has) been 和 have (has) gone 

10、的区别：表示 “ 曾到过某地 ” 要用 “have (has) been”; 表示 “ 已经去某地 ” 要用 “have (has) gone” 。试比较：Where has he been?  他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Where has he gone?  他上哪儿去了？（人不在）They have been to Canada . 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）They have gon

11、e to Canada . 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大） .3 ）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in ，但可以和 already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never 等连用。例如：She has already c

12、ome.  她已经来了。I havent read it yet.  我还没读过这个。I have met him before.  我从前曾见过他。Ma Hong has always been a good student.  马红一直是个好学生。I have often seen him in the street.  我经常在街上看见他。They have never been to Yanan.  他们从未去过延安。I haven't seen him la

13、tely.  我近来没看到他。 Irregular VerbsBase FormPast FormPast Participlebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfind

14、foundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinks ank/ sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewrot

15、eam, iswasbeenarewerebeen Exercise:I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week.2. _ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet.3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office.5. I

16、_ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999.6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks.8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework.9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day.10._ you _ (find) your science book yet?11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll g

17、o with you.12. The students _ (read) English when the teacher came in.13. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree.14. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday.15. I've lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere?1. have, seen, saw   2. Has, finished   3. has, come   4. has g

18、one   5. have worked, moved   6. ha ve made   7. ha ve , stayed   8. have, finished    9. goes   10. have, found   11. is   12. were reading   13. is climbing   14. is coming&

19、#160;  15. Have, seen II. Choose the best answer. 1. How long have you _ here?A. come        B. got          C. arrived        D. been2. My grandpa di

20、ed _.A. at the age of my 2          B. for 2 years   C. when I was 2.       D. my age was 6.3. Jane has _ to BeiJing . She will come back tomorrow.A. been     &

21、#160;  B. gone        C. went       D. never been4. It is ten years _ I last saw her.A. after       B. since       C. for  &#

22、160;    D. that5.-Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?  -I will. I _ her several times.A. met        B. have met       C. had met       D. will meet6.

23、 -What a nice dress! How long _ you _ it?       -Just 2 weeks.A. will, buy    B. did, buy      C. are, having     D. have, had7.-Do you know Lydia very well?  -Yes,

24、She and I _ friends since we were very young.    A. have made     B. have become   C. have been     D. have turned8. The Smiths _ in China for 8 years.A. has lived       

25、B. lived       C. have been     D. live9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking.  Can I speak to Mr. Black?  - Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park .A. has been to     B. has gone to 

26、60;   C. went to     D. will go to10. -_ you ever _ to the US ?- Yes, twice.A. Have, gone     B. Have, been   C, Do, go       D. were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentence

27、s. 1. I have been to Macau before. ( 改为否定句 )   I _ _ _ _ been to Macau before. 2. He hasnt come to school because he was ill . ( 就划线部分提问 )_ _ _ _ he come to school? 3. I bough a new bike jus

28、t now. ( 用 just 改写 )     I _ just _ a new bike. 4. We began to learn English three years ago.( 改为同义句 )We _ _English _three years5 . He has never surfed, _ _ _ _? （ 改成反意疑问句） 6 

29、. They have been here since 2000 .  ( 对划线部分提问 )                   _ _ _ _have they been here?7 . The old man _ last year. He has _ 

30、;_ _ _for a year. (die) （动词填空）8 . Miss Gao left an hour ago.  ( 同义句转换 )Miss Gao has _ _ _ an hour ago.      A sk the questions1) I have been there for two days._ _ _ _ _ you _ _ ?2) My father has

31、 lived here since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _?3) He left here yesterday._ _ he _ _?4) They bought a book two hours ago._ _ they _ a book ?Keys: 1. How long have, been there  2. How long has, lived here   3. When did, leave here     

32、; 4. When did, buy   Use “ never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since ” to fill in the blanks.1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “Have you _ seen the fil

33、m?” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _?” “Yes, it has _ left.”Keys: 1. never   2. just , already  3. for   4. ever, never  5. yet ,  just / already                 

34、  现在完成时练习题及答案一、翻译下列句子： 你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？         2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。  3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。    4. 他已经吃过午饭           5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？   &#

35、160;   6. 我哥哥还没回来。7. 这本字典我已买了三年了。        8. 他离开中国三年了。       9. 我认识他们五年了。             10. 他们已去了美国五年了。 11. 自从他搬到

36、济宁，他就住这儿了。12. 我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。 13. 自从 1999 年以来他们就认识。14. 我来到这个学校已 3 年多了。二、用 since 和 for 填空 1._two years            2._two years ago3._last month      &#

37、160;      4._ 19995._yesterday            6._ 4 oclock7   4 hours               8._an hour ago9. _we were children   10._ lun

38、ch time11._ she left here 12. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.13. Ive known him _ we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.16. Its about ten years _ she left the city.三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。

39、 arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to sp be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He            Beijing for       &

40、#160;     .2) I moved t o the USA in 2008.      I           the USA since           .3) I went home yesterday.      

41、0;   I              home for                   .4) They came here last week.       They _ here since _.&#

42、160; come to / go back to  / return  to  be back to      go out  be out1) He came out two years ago.He _ for _.2) We return to Beijing yesterday.We _ _ to Beijing since _.  become  be1) I became a teacher in 2000. 

43、I _ a teache r for _.2) The river became dirty last year. The river _ _ dirty for _ _.  close  be closed             open  be open1) The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _ _ for _.2) The door opene

44、d at six in the morning.The door _ _ _ for six hours.  get up  be up ； die  be dead ； leave sp.  be away from sp.fall asleep / get tot sleep  be asleep ； finish / end  be over ； marry  be ma

45、rried ；1) I got up two hour s ago.I _ _ _since _.2) He left Shanghai just now.He _ _ _ Shanghai for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I _ _ _ since _ _.6) They marr

46、ied in 1990.     They _ _ _since _.  start / begin to do sth.  do sth. ； begin  be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.  I _ _ at this school since _.2) The film began two minutes ago.       The f

47、ilm _ _ _ for _ _. borrow  keep ； lose  not have ； buy  have ； put on  wearcatch / get a cold  have a cold ； get to know  know1) They borrowed it last week.      They _it

48、 since _.2) I bought a pen two hours ago.     I _a pen for _.3) I got to know him last year.       I _ him since _.4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I _ my glasses for _.  have / has gone to  have been inHe has gone to Beiji

49、ng.He _ Beijing for two days.  join the league / the Party / the army be a league member /a Party member / a soldier be a member of the league  / the Party be in the league  / the Party / the army1) He joined the league in 2002.He _ a _ for two years.He _ a _&

50、#160;_ the _ for two years.He _ the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother _a _ for _ _.My brother _ in _ for two years.四、划线提问1) I have been there for two days._ _ _ you _ _ ?2) My father has lived here since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _?3) He left here yesterday._

51、 _ he _ _?4) They bought a book two hours ago._ _ they _ a book五、用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _?B: He _ to Hainan Island.A: How long _ he _ there?B: He _ there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: Im afraid he wont come back recently

52、.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _ never _ there.A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that place?B: He _ there only once.六、用 have / has been to / in, have gone to 及 go 的各种形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He _ his country.2) David _ the park just now.3) John _ England s

53、ince he came back.4) How long _ they _ this village?5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years.6) _ you ever _ America? - Yes, I _ there many times.7) I _ this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He _ the farm.9) When_ he _? He _ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _  to the zoo with me? -Yes, b

54、ut I _ there before.11) Where _ you _ now? - I _  to the zoo.12) He often _ swimming.13) _ you _ there last year?14) _ they often _ skating in winter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since 填空1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his h

55、omework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “Have you _ seen the film?” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _?” “Yes, it has _ left.”八 . 用适当的时态填空：1.Shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them _ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3.Both of them _ (come) to H

56、ongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave).5. Mary_(lose) her pen. _ you _(see) it here and there?6. _ you _ (find) your watch yet?7. -Are you thirsty? -No I _just _ (have) some orange.8. We - already _ (return) the book.9. _ they _ (build) a new school in the village?10

57、. I _(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?11. My father _ (read) the novel twice.12. I _ (buy) a book just now.13. I _ (lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father _ (read) this book since yesterday.现在完成时态练习题答案一翻译下列句子：1.       Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?

58、2.       I have just lost my chemistry book.3.       I have never been to the farm before.4.       He has already had lunch  =  He has had lunch already.5.       Have you

59、 seen the movie yet?6.       My brother hasnt  come /get / been back yet  =  My brother hasnt  returned yet.7.       I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.8.     

60、0; Has been away from China for three years.9.       I have known them for five years.10.   They have been in the USA for five years.11.   He has been here since he moved to Jining.12.   My sister has been a college student for three years

61、= My sister has   been in college for three years.13.   They have known each other since 1999.14.   I have been in this school for over three years.二、用 since 或者 for 填空1. for    2. since     3. since   

62、;  4. since      5. since6. since   7. for      8 since      9.since      10. since11. since   12.since    13. since    14.for   &

63、#160;   15.for16. since三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语  1. has been in ,  five minutes   2. have been in , 2008   3. have been at,  two days   4. have been , last week 1. have been out, two years   2. have been back , yesterd

64、ay  1. have been , nine years     2. has been ,  two years  1. has been closed , two hours      2. has been open  1. have been up , two hours ago      2. has been away from    

65、;  3. has been dead , seven years      4. has been over      5. have been asleep , two hours ago      6. have been married , 1990  1. have taught , 1995     2. has been on , two minutes 

66、; 1. have kept , last week     2. have had , two hours     3. have known , last years     4. have worn , three years    has been in   has been , League member       has been , member of , League       has been in2. has been , soldier , two years    has been ,  the army 四、划线提问1. How long have, been there  2. How long