[课件]江苏高考任务型阅读主题突破(共65张)

1、Task-basedTask-based ReadingReadingTypes of ten words 1 original words2 changed words3 conclusive words信息信息查找查找题题(使用原词使用原词)信息信息转换转换题题(变形转换变形转换)信息信息归纳归纳题题(总结概括总结概括) part of speech（词性）（词性）expression信息转换题信息转换题顾名思义是难以从文章中直接顾名思义是难以从文章中直接地获得，而要依据文章中话语的含义进行地获得，而要依据文章中话语的含义进行反复地推敲才能获取，这是任务型阅读的反复地推敲才能获取，这是任务

2、型阅读的难点之一，也是学生极易失分的地方。许难点之一，也是学生极易失分的地方。许多学生仅仅局限于从文章话语中去妄加推多学生仅仅局限于从文章话语中去妄加推测，常常死搬硬套地直接从文章中找出相测，常常死搬硬套地直接从文章中找出相应的词汇填入后面的表格中，其结果必然应的词汇填入后面的表格中，其结果必然会导致失误。如何才能正确地填词，本文会导致失误。如何才能正确地填词，本文在此将学生练习中出现的一些信息转换的在此将学生练习中出现的一些信息转换的形式加以归纳和比较，使学生能明确应如形式加以归纳和比较，使学生能明确应如何依据文章中的表达内容去进行合理的转何依据文章中的表达内容去进行合理的转换。换。 任务型

3、阅读信息转换题任务型阅读信息转换题(1) 选用其它词来释义选用其它词来释义 (2) 同义词和反义词转换同义词和反义词转换(5) 词性转换词性转换(3) 句子结构转换句子结构转换(4) 前缀和后缀转换前缀和后缀转换1.解题关键解题关键: 根据问题查找定位信息，加工分析并转换根据问题查找定位信息，加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。成另一种表达方式。2.常常见见的的 转转换换方方式式synonym antonymword formationparaphrasestructure changechange of parts of speechGuidance1.略读略读：浏览浏览全文，确定全文，确定主题

4、主题，理清，理清框架结框架结构构和和段落大意段落大意2.扫读扫读：扫读扫读图表，分析图表，分析表格结构和内容表格结构和内容，明确明确任务要求任务要求3.细读细读：带着问题带着问题深入阅读，深入阅读，定位定位所需信息，所需信息，分分析整合、转换概括、准确表达析整合、转换概括、准确表达4.复读复读：认真：认真校对校对，纠正纠正错误错误 相同意义短语间的转换 在英语中有时常常会碰到一些短语的表达，而这些短语又可以用其他的形式去替换，因此在解题时应首先吃透原文中短语的意思，并对照表格中的结构进行合理的转换，以确保填词的正确性。 1. When doing the financial transacti

5、on for the sale， insist on a cash payment， or cashers check. When doing the financial transaction for the sale, _to a cash payment or cashers check when doing financial transaction. stick2. The use of these resources cannot go on indefinitelywe would run out.The use of these resources cant be replac

6、ed and they would be _ up. 3. Another concern is that as medical expenses increase with age， the demands of the growing aged population will eventually lead to medical schemes to face bankruptcy. The demands of the growing aged population will eventually _ in the bankruptcy of medical schemes. usedr

7、esult4. Finally, an important step to ensure a bright future for all is to do away with negative stereotypes that see valuable members of society only as pensioners or patients. People should get _of negative stereotypes that see valuable members of society only as pensioners or patients. ridThe exp

8、ression, “everybodys doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives

9、. Peer pressure refers to the strong _ that you must do things the way other people of your age do (2014江苏江苏)feelingIt is the same instinct (天性) that drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” even if it is not necessarily

10、true. People around will affect how one lives _. (2014江苏江苏)unconsciouslySchools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to stand up and be themselves, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful

11、to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.To avoid the dangers of negative peer pressure, kids should learn to be _ when necessary, and say _ to anything that is wrong or illegal. (2014江苏江苏)independent noThe practice of representing object and qualities as human

12、 beings in literature is personification. When personification is used, something without 80_ is treated as if it were a human being. (2015南通二模)lifeThe 2014 Nobel prize in physics went to three scientists who gave lighting a big change by inventing blue LED lights. A big change in lighting efficienc

13、y is under way around the world. The reason why blue LED lights won the 2014 Nobel prize in physics is that they are to 72_ about big changes in lighting. (2015苏州一调)bringThe everyday signs of conscientiousness (认真尽责)一being punctual, careful in doing work, self-disciplined, and scrupulous (一丝不苟的) in

14、attending to responsibilitiesare typical characteristics of the model organizational citizen, the people who keep things running as they should. Conscientious people are very 71_ with themselves. (2013江苏)strictOriginal word practiceWhen difficult people express themselves orally, they generally want

15、 at least two things: theyve been heard and theyve been understood. TopicListen to understandReasonDifficult people hope they have been heard and(77) when they express themselvesunderstoodChanged word(part of speech) Many people need guidance in choosing a career (职业职业). Fortunately, there is much i

16、nformation on the Web about job opportunities. With all the information available, its not surprising that people can feel confused. There is a lot of job information on-line, but too much of it may sometimes be _. confusing practice practicePositive attitudes *Learn lessons from failures and you wi

17、ll be (80) sooner or later. All successful people have failed many, many times. But they know that there are still a lot of great new people and opportunities out there. So they try again. And sooner or later they have success once again. successfulChanged word(part of speech) In conclusion, modern

18、people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and build a mutually beneficial relationship with others. Fierce competition and great pressure on modern people may _

19、 to the changes.leadChanged word(expression) practicecontributeThe problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well, but parents are not teaching them the most important skills they need to be confident, happy and clever. Parents ar

20、e only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well (75)_ of teaching them howto be confident, happy and clever.instead practiceChanged word(expression) practicePositive attitudes *A failure may hurt for a while but it may be to you.A failure may hurt for a whi

21、le but then you can learn one or many lessons from it. And then you try again. And again. And failure becomes less and less frightening. beneficialhelpfulusefulChanged word(expression)1.Read the information in the diagram（图表）（图表） 2.Find the related key information in the passage with the help of tha

22、t in the diagram and underline it.3. Choose the proper form of a wordn, adj, adv,v.Sharing skills on getting correct words 介绍介绍主题主题原因原因结果结果目的目的情感情感方法方法introductiontheme subject topicReason(for) cause(of)result consequenceaim purpose goal intentionfeeling emotionmeasure(to do),way(to do), method(of/f

23、or),approach(to doing),solution(to doing)常见概括性词（常见概括性词（I）常见概括性词（常见概括性词（II）观点观点异同异同优劣优劣种类种类建议建议特点特点结论结论opinion view attitude (to/toward)difference similarityadvantage disadvantage weaknesstype sort kindsuggestion tip advice(un)feature characteristicconclusionstrength practiceBrief _People living in a

24、 particular area usually have the same skin color and there are many different skin colors in the world.Have you ever wondered why there are so many skin colors in the world? Do you know why people living in particular areas usually have a certain color? Biology and history are the two reasons for t

25、roductionConclusive wordTitle: Different skin colourConclusive word_The programme is intended to prevent accidental injuries and deaths. Because six out of every 10 accidental deaths happen to Chinese children who are playing, Shanghai Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical (SJJP), a US-based p

26、harmaceutical giant, is working on a Safe Kids Program to prevent injuries and deaths. Purpose practiceIntention Aim GoalPractice makes perfect.Main reasons for procrastinationSecond, they feel a subject is boring, which makes it difficult for them to (75) on an assignment. concentratefocusAnother r

27、eason why students put off doing things is that they feel a subject is boring and have difficulty concentrating on an assignment.使用原词：Fourth, manage your time wisely. Create a schedule that allows adequate time for accomplishing a goal; for example, your schedule should give you enough time to study

28、 for and pass a test, as well as time to relax. Finally, when you accomplish a goal, do something good for yourself as a reward. Avoiding procrastination Finally, (79)_ yourself for accomplishing a goal. reward使用原词：Fourth, manage your time wisely. Create a schedule that allows adequate time for acco

29、mplishing a goal; for example, your schedule should give you enough time to study for and pass a test, as well as time to relax.Avoiding procrastination Fourth, manage your time in a (78) way.wise词性转换：We all put off doing things at times. Statistics show that 90% of university students will often pu

30、t off studying for a test or writing an important paper the night before, 25% of university students put off almost everything all the time. Frequency of procrastination Everyone puts off doing things(71)_.25% of university students (72) _doing things all the time. sometimesoccasionallydelaypostpone

31、表达转换：Before long, they feel completely helpless. For the chronic（长期的）（长期的）procrastinator, often the only way to solve this problem is to quit school. (73) that procrastination will lead to For the chronic procrastinator, often he or she has no (74)_but to quit school. choiceoptionalternative表达转换：The

32、 third reason why many students put off doing things is that they often worry that their work will never be as good as it should be and fear failure of any kind, which, unfortunately , can often cause these students to put off doing any work at all.Main reasons for procrastination Third, they expect

33、 to do everything(76)_ and fear failure of any kind. perfectlybest表达转换：If you believe that you are a chronic procrastinator, you should try to get help before it is too late. Talk to a professional, and discuss the problem. Advice to procrastinators For a chronic procrastinator,(80)_ a professional.

34、consult表达转换：This more serious form of procrastination can result in a student dropping out of school. Students who put off doing their assignments once in a while get further and further behind in their studies. Before long, they feel completely helpless. For the chronic（长期的）（长期的）procrastinator, oft

35、en the only way to solve this problem is to quit school. 73)_ that procrastination will lead to At the beginning, they get further and further behind in their studies.Before long, they feel completely helpless.For the chronic procrastinator, often he or she has no choicebut to quit school. ResultsCo

36、nsequencesproblems总结概括： First, list the things in life that are important to you, . Second, chose realistic goals for yourself; dont try to do more than you can. Third, once you have identified our goals, list them and ask yourself “Which should I do first?” . Fourth, manage your time wisely. Finall

37、y, when you accomplish a goal, do something good for yourself as a reward. (77) to avoiding procrastination First, identify your life goals.Second, choose realistic goals for yourselfThird, list your goals in order of priority.Fourth, manage your time in a wise way.Finally, reward yourself for Appro

38、aches总结概括： 4. We lack the breadth of view necessary for success in higher studies. We lack the breadth of view which is a _ for _ success. 2. He didnt pass the final examination. He _ the final examination. 3. We can live a peaceful life. Doing good things will make us live _.failedpeacefully1. They

39、 dont like the new rule and want- . They _the new rule and want-.5. Staying alongside host families enables students to get enough practice for the short time of their studying so that their language acquisition is likely to become faster. .Its faster to _ their language.dislikeacquire（释义）（释义）（反义词）（

40、反义词）（释义）（释义）（前缀）（前缀）（词形转换）（词形转换）the transformation of words (词的转化词的转化) Examples:possiblepossiblypossibilityimpossibleluckluckyluckilyunluckilyChange the following into adjective forms create peace beauty frustrate friend change consider creative peaceful beautiful frustrated friendly changeable cons

41、iderate develop invent strong honest real decide able kind development invention strength honesty reality decision ability kindnessChange the following into noun forms Practice1. Topic para. By the end of this decade, more than half of the worlds population will live in cities. Urbanization brings m

42、any problems to almost every country in the world, among which energy is one of the most serious one.(1)_ and development (title)(2)_ China is facingUrbanizationProblems2. The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well, but pa

43、rents are not teaching them the most important skills they need to be confident, happy and clever. Parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well _ of teaching them how to be confident, happy and clever.instead3. E-mail has changed the speed with

44、 which we exchange information. In minutes, you can contact another person who shares your hobby. E-mail has also enabled us to exchange information at _ speed than traditional communicative methods. higher4. Everyone says the parent-teacher conference should be pleasant, civilized, a kind of dialog

45、ue where parents and teachers build partnership. But what most teachers feel, and certainly what all parents feel, is anxiety and panic. The _ between assumption and realitydifference5. In 1998, an American mountain climber said that he saw a Yeti Ten Chinese engineers also reported that they saw a

46、Yeti in the Shennongjia National Forest Park in western Hubei Province In 1970, 1,089 footprints were discovered in the snow near Washington in the Untied States _ of the existence of Yetievidence6. After youre completed a task with your team, make an evaluation of the teams effectiveness. _ effecti

47、veness7. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.Children today _ as if they were adults.actEvaluate In my opinion, cultural differences should simply be seen as a way of making his life interesting. Right _ to cultural differences. The p

48、rogram is intended to prevent accidental injuries and deaths. _of the program .信息归纳题信息归纳题Purpose/Intentionattitude So it can be concluded that we should try our best to learn and master two more languages._ Literature is a term used to describe written as well as spoken material. Generally speaking,

49、 it is often used to describe anything from creative imagination, including works of poetry, drama and fiction _ of literature信息归纳题信息归纳题DefinitionConclusion注意注意观点类观点类，目的类目的类，总结类总结类，定义类定义类题型。题型。信息归纳题解题回顾信息归纳题解题回顾概括性概括性针对性针对性醒目性醒目性信息归纳题信息归纳题归纳词归纳词的特征的特征（在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息（在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息)（量体裁衣，大小适度（量体裁衣，大小适度)（

50、简洁）（简洁）1.解题关键：解题关键：根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西。根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西。2. _The program is intended to prevent accidental injuries and deaths. Because six out of every 10 accidental deaths happen to Chinese children who are playing, Shanghai Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical (SJJP), a US-based pharmaceutical gian

51、t, is working on a Safe Kids Program to prevent injuries and deaths. Title: Safe kids programPurpose/IntentionDisadvantagesAdvantagesDeveloping economyKeeping the Advancing of local peopleIncrease employment_Having a bad effect on other Bringing over crowdednessIncrease pressure on traffic Without p

52、roper planning, tourism can cause problemsFor example，too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a countryIf tourists create too much traffic，the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappyThey begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely 常用高频词汇总结常用高频词

53、汇总结3 比较（比较（comparison） ： similarities / difference(s) advantage(s) /benefits/ disadvantage(s) / strengths / weaknesses 介绍介绍主题主题原因原因结果结果目的目的情感情感方法方法introductiontheme subject topicReason(for) cause(of)result consequenceaim purpose goal intentionfeeling emotion measure(to do),way(to do), method(of/for)

54、,approach(to doing),solution(to doing)常见概括性词（常见概括性词（I）常见概括性词（常见概括性词（II）观点观点异同异同优劣优劣种类种类建议建议特点特点结论结论opinion view attitude (to/toward)difference similarityadvantage disadvantage weaknesstype sort kindsuggestion tip advice(un)feature characteristicconclusionstrength practiceBrief _People living in a pa

55、rticular area usually have the same skin color and there are many different skin colors in the world.Have you ever wondered why there are so many skin colors in the world? Do you know why people living in particular areas usually have a certain color? Biology and history are the two reasons for roductionConclusive wordTitle: Different skin colourConclusive word_The programme is intended to prevent accidental injuries and deaths. Because six out of every 10 accidental deaths happen to Chinese children who are playing,