药学英语-中药药剂复习资料

1、.GlossaryGlossaryl1.Introduction Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics of Chinese Material Medica Pharmaceutics of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Science of TCM 中药药剂学. Pharmaceutics converts a drug into a medicine. drug pharmacologically active ingredient in a medicine. Interact

2、with a target in the body and exhibits desirable pharmacology alternatives of drug ：medicinal agent, pharmacological agent, active principle, active ingredient, active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).A dosage form is the physical form of a drug that is presented to the patient. An excipient is gener

3、ally a pharmacologically inactive substances used as a carrier for the active ingredients of a medication. Any component of a dosage form, other than the drug substance, is an excipient.The excipients are pharmacologically inactive but can have a significant impact on the performance of medication.P

4、harmaceutics ,f:msju:tks n. 药剂学Dosage form dsd f:m 剂型Biopharmaceutical baiu,f:msju:tikl adj. 生物药剂学的Routes of drug administration 给药途径Excipients ekspnt n. 辅料，赋形剂Additives dtv n. 辅料，附加剂Formulation f:mjlen n. 处方Parenteral prent()r()l adj. 肠胃外的，注射的Gastrointestinal tract 胃肠道Absorption rate 吸收率.GlossaryGl

5、ossaryl2. Dispensing the chinese materia medicaprescription Official prescriptionAgreed prescriptionPhysicians prescriptionPrescription-only medicinesNon-prescription medicines/over the counter.GlossaryGlossaryl3 Sterilization and preservativeTechniques of sterilization refer to the complete destruc

6、tion of all living organisms and their spores or their complete removal from the preparation. Sterilization can be achieved by physical, chemical and other means. .GlossaryGlossaryl4 Comminution, sieving, mixingComminution ,kmnjn 粉碎Dry comminutionWet comminutionCryogenic comminution kradenkUltra-fin

7、e comminutionSieving 过筛.GlossaryGlossaryl5 The preparations of extractionsDecoctions dkk()n 汤剂mixture and oral liquid 中药合剂与口服液剂syrups 糖浆剂simple syrups 单糖浆 decocting paste/concentrated decoctions 煎膏剂（膏滋）medicinal wine and tincture 药酒与酊剂Liquid extracts and Extracts 流浸膏剂与浸膏剂.GlossaryGlossaryl6. Liquid

8、preparationsHomogeneous hmdns adj. 均相的Pharmacopoeia ,frmkpi n. 药典Bacteriostatic water 抑菌水Distillation n. 蒸馏Efficacy efks n. 药效Antioxidants n. 抗氧化剂Solubilisate n. 增溶质Colloid kld n. 胶体Coarse dispersion 粗分散系.Non-aqueous solvents 非水溶剂Elixirs lks n. 酏剂Spirits sprt n. 醑剂Tinctures t(k)t n. 酊剂Isotonic ,as()

9、tnk adj. 等渗的Preservatives przvtv n. 防腐剂Microorganisms makrg()nz()m n. 微生物shelf-life n. 保质期Clarity klrt n. 澄明度.Sediment sedm()nt n. 沉降Sedimentation rate 沉降速率Floccules flkjul n. 絮凝物Flocculation flkjulein n. 絮凝Deflocculated systems 反絮凝体系Aggregates grgt n. 聚集体Bioavailability ,bao,velblti n. 生物利用度.Sweete

10、ners swit()n n. 甜味剂Stabilizers steblaz n. 稳定剂Suspending agents 助悬剂Emulsifer mlsfa n. 乳化剂Emulsification ,mlsfken n. 乳化Creaming n. 乳状液分层Rheology rld n. 流变学.hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) 亲水亲油平衡值Phase inversion 转相Homogenizers hmdnaz n. 均质机Coalescence n. 合并Microbial contamination 微生物污染.GlossaryGloss

11、aryl7. Solid preparationsPowders paudz n. 散剂Granules grnju:ls n. 颗粒剂Granulation grnjlen n. 制粒Tablet tblt n. 片剂Dry granulation 干法制粒Wet granulation 湿法制粒.Fluidized-bed granulation 流化床制粒Spray drying 喷雾干燥Hard gelatin capsules 明胶硬胶囊Freeze drying 冷冻干燥Die da n. 模具Punches pntiz n. 冲头Adhesion dhi:n n. 粘附.Flow

12、ability flablt n. 流动性Disintegrant dsntgrnt n. 崩解剂Lubricants lu:brknts n. 润滑剂Glidants ldnts n. 助流剂Colourants klrnts n. 着色剂Homogeneity hmdni:ti n. 均匀性Direct compaction 直接压实.Filler in tablets 片剂填充剂Hygroscopicity harskpst n. 吸湿性Absorption enhancer 吸收促进剂Binder band n. 粘合剂Antiadherent ndhrnt n. 抗粘剂 Flavou

13、r flev(r) n. 调味剂Colourant klrnt n. 着色剂concentrated pills 浓缩丸Flour and water paste pill 糊丸Wax pill 蜡丸dripping pills 滴 丸.GlossaryGlossaryl8. Semi-solid preparationsOintments ntmnt n. 软膏剂Hydrocarbon hadrk:bn n. 碳氢化合物，烃Creams kri:mz n. 乳膏Gels delz n. 凝胶剂Transdermal trnzd:ml adj. 经皮吸收的Percutaneous p:kju:

14、tenis adj. 经皮的Semisolid preparations 半固体制剂Hydrocarbon bases 碳氢化合物基质.Absorption bases 吸收性基质Water-soluble bases 水溶性基质Oleaginous bases 油脂性基质GlossaryGlossaryl9. othersaerosols 气雾剂sustained release preparation 缓释制剂controlled release preparation 控释制剂cyclodextrins complexs 环糊精包合物环糊精包合物hydrophobic cavity 亲脂

15、性的内穴亲脂性的内穴 .PillsPills are spherical or spherical-like solid dosage forms made of powdered crude drugs or crude drug extracts, proper binders or other excipients.丸剂系指原料药物与适宜的辅料制成的球形或类球形固体制剂PowdersPowders may be defined as mixtures of pulverized crude drugs or extract of crude drugs which are used fo

16、r oral administration or external applicationpulverizedplv,raz 粉末状的散剂系指原料药物或与适宜的辅料经粉碎、均匀混合制成的干燥粉末状制剂。.GranulesGranules are soluble,suspensible or effervescent preparations in granular form with certain particle size made from drug extracts or finely powdered drug and suitable excipients. effervescen

17、tefvesnt 泡腾的颗粒剂系指原料药物与适宜的辅料混合制成具有一定粒度的干燥颗粒状制剂TabletsTablets are solid preparations laminal or various shapes compressed to extracts of crude drugs, or finely powdered crude drugs with suitable excipients, including extract tablets, semi-extract tablets and powdered crude drug drug tablets.片剂系指原料药物或与

18、适宜的辅料制成的圆形或异形的片状固体制剂。中药还有浸膏片、半浸膏片和全粉片等。.TrochesTroches are solid preparations of various shapes made from fine powders of crude drugs and suitable binders(or using the binding property of crude drugs themselves).Troches：锭剂：锭剂锭剂系指饮片细粉与适宜黏合剂（或利用饮片细粉本身的黏性)制成不同形状的固体制剂。Concentrated decoctionsConcentrated

19、 decoctions are semifluid preparations prepared by decocting the crude drugs in water, concentrating the decoction and adding honey or sugar.(or invertsugar)煎膏剂系指饮片用水煎煮，取煎煮液浓缩，加炼蜜或糖(或转化糖)制成的半流体制剂。.GluesGlues are solid lump preparations intended for internal administration, prepared by decocting anim

20、al skin,bone,shell or born with water, concentrating into thick gelatinous mass and then drying.gelatinousdltns胶剂系指将动物皮、骨、甲或角用水煎取胶质，浓缩成稠胶状，经干燥后制成的固体块状内服制剂。SyrupsSyrups are concentrated aqueous solutions of sucrose containing extracts of crude drugs.糖浆剂系指含有原料药物的浓蔗糖水溶液。.MixturesMixtures are liquid pre

21、parations intended for oral administration, prepared by extracting the crude drugs with water or other solvents in suitable ways(package of a single dose is also known as oral liquids).合剂系指饮片用水或其他溶剂，采用适宜的方法提取制成的口服液体制剂（单剂量灌装者也可称“ 口服液”）。.CapsulesCapsules are preparations made by mixing crude drugs pro

22、cessed bysuitable methods and appropriate excipients,enclosing in capsule shell or sealing in soft capsule. Capsules are classified into hard,soft or enteric shells,mainly for oral administration.胶囊剂系指原料药物或与适宜辅料充填于空心胶囊或密封于软质囊材中制成的固体制剂，可分为硬胶囊、软胶囊(胶丸）、缓释胶囊、控释胶囊和肠溶胶囊，主要供口服用.Medicinal WinesMedicinal win

23、es are clear liquid preparations prepared by maceration and extraction of crude drugs with distilled wine.酒剂系指饮片用蒸馏酒提取制成的澄清液体制剂。maceration,msren 浸渍TincturesTinctures are clear liquid preparations of medicinal substances macerated or dissolved in ethanol of specified concentration or made by diluting

24、 the liquid extracts,extended for oral administration or external application.酊剂系指将原料药物用规定浓度的乙醇提取或溶解而制成的澄清液体制剂，也可用流浸裔稀释制成。供口服或外用。.GelsGels are semisolid or thick liquid preparations with gel natures which are made by mixing extracts of crude drugs and suitable bases. Gels are divisible into water soluble gets according to the characters of the bases used.凝胶剂系指原料药物与能形成凝胶的辅料制成的具凝胶特性的稠厚液体或半固体制剂 Liquid extracts and ExtractsLiquid extracts or extracts are preparations made by soaking crude drugs in suitable solvents to extr