(语法填空)连词（课堂PPT）

1、12在近两年广东高考的语法填空中在近两年广东高考的语法填空中连词连词，都是两小题，占语法填空的，都是两小题，占语法填空的五分之一，是考查的一个重要项目，五分之一，是考查的一个重要项目，具体考点有以下具体考点有以下4大点：大点：3考点考点1：并列连词：并列连词表示表示联合联合 and(同，和同，和), when(=and just at this time就就在这时在这时), not onlybut (also)(不仅不仅而而且且), neithernor（既不（既不也不也不） 表示表示选择选择 or(或者，否则或者，否则), otherwise(否则否则), or else(否否则则), ei

2、ther.or(不是不是就是就是) 表示表示转折转折 but(但是，可是，只是因为但是，可是，只是因为), yet(可是可是), notbut(不是不是而是而是) 表示表示对比对比 while(而、却而、却) 表示表示因果因果 for（因为）和（因为）和so（所以，因此）（所以，因此） 4注：注：(1)when作并列连词，主要用于作并列连词，主要用于was/were doing sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were about to do sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were on the point of doing sth. when

3、 sth./sb. did等句型中，表示等句型中，表示“当某人或某物正在或正要做某事，就在这时当某人或某物正在或正要做某事，就在这时突然又发生了另一事突然又发生了另一事”。(2)在在“祈使句祈使句+and/or+陈述句陈述句”句型中，祈句型中，祈使句表示条件，使句表示条件，and/or后的句子表示结果。后的句子表示结果。5考点考点2：引导状语从句的连词：引导状语从句的连词种类种类 连词连词 时间时间状语状语从句从句 when（当（当时），时），while（在（在期间），期间），as（当（当，一，一边边一边一边），），before（在（在之前），之前），after（在（在之之后），后），sinc

4、e（从（从以来），以来），till/until（直到），（直到），whenever（无论何时），（无论何时），as soon as（一（一就）就） 地点状地点状语从句语从句 where (在在的地方的地方)，wherever(在在的任何地方的任何地方) 原因状原因状语从句语从句 because(因为因为), as(由于由于), since(既然既然), now取豪夺取豪夺(that)(既然既然), when(既然既然), seeing (that) (由于，鉴于由于，鉴于), considering (that)(考虑到考虑到), given (that) (考虑到考虑到) 目的状目的状语从句

5、语从句 so(以便以便), that(以便以便), so that(以便，为了以便，为了), in order that (为了，以便为了，以便)；in case(以防，以免以防，以免), lest(免得，以防免得，以防), for fear that(以免，惟恐以免，惟恐) 6结果状结果状语从句语从句 so that（以致，结果），（以致，结果），sothat, suchthat（如（如此此以至于）以至于） 条件状条件状语从句语从句 if, unless (=ifnot如果不如果不，除非，除非), as/so long as(只只要要), while(=as long as只要只要), su

6、pposing (that)/provided /providing (that)(假如假如), in case(假使假使), on condition that(在在的条件下的条件下) 让步状让步状语从句语从句 although, though, as, while(虽然虽然), even if/though(即使即使), whetheror(不论不论/不管不管还是还是) 以及以及“疑问词疑问词+ever”和和“no matter+疑问词疑问词” 比较状比较状语从句语从句 as.as（和（和一样），一样），not as/so.as（和（和不一不一样），样），than（比），（比），the m

7、ore.the more（越（越越）越） 方式状方式状语从句语从句 as(正如正如)，as if或或as though(好像好像) 7考点考点3：引导名词性从句的连接词：引导名词性从句的连接词 名词性从句有名词性从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句从句和同位语从句。引导这些从句的连词有：。引导这些从句的连词有：(1)连词连词that：只起连接作用，没有任何意思，只起连接作用，没有任何意思，不作任何句子成分，在宾语从句中可省略。不作任何句子成分，在宾语从句中可省略。(2)连词连词whether：有有“是否是否”之意，但不作之意，但不作句子成分；引导宾语从句时，还

8、可用句子成分；引导宾语从句时，还可用if。8(3)连接代词：连接代词：who(m), whose, which, what等均有各自的意义，在从句中作主语、宾等均有各自的意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。其中语、定语等。其中what除有除有“什么什么”“”“多多么么”外，还有外，还有“所所的的”之意，相当于之意，相当于the thing(s) that。(4)连接副词：连接副词：when, where, why, how等，等，有意义，在从句中作状语。有意义，在从句中作状语。(5)whoever, whatever, whichever等也可引导等也可引导名词性从句，意为名词性从句，意为“无

9、论无论/不管不管”。9考点考点4：引导定语从句的关系词：引导定语从句的关系词定语从句定语从句就是在复合句里充当定语的从句，它通常紧靠在所就是在复合句里充当定语的从句，它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面。引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词修饰的名词或代词后面。引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词及使用场合如下表：及使用场合如下表：先行词先行词 主语主语 宾语宾语 定语定语 状语状语 人人 who/that whom/who/ whose 物物 which/which Which/that/ whose/of which 时间时间 when 地点地点 Where the way that/in whic

10、h/ the reason why 10注：注：(1)先行词是先行词是occasion常用常用when，先行词是先行词是case, situation, scenes等时常等时常用用where。(2)关系副词关系副词when和和where有时可用有时可用“介词介词which”代替，代替，why可用可用for which代替。代替。(3)以下情况只能用以下情况只能用that引导定语从句：引导定语从句：11当先行词是指物的当先行词是指物的all, little, few, much, any, anything, everything, nothing, none, the one时，时，或先行词

11、被或先行词被all, little, few, much, any, every, no等等修饰时。修饰时。先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时，或者先行先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时，或者先行词被序数词词被序数词(包括包括last, next)、最高级形容词及、最高级形容词及the only, the very等修饰时。等修饰时。先行词包括人和物时。先行词包括人和物时。当主句是以当主句是以who或或which开头的疑问句时，为开头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，多用了避免重复，多用that引导。引导。12(4)不能用不能用that引导定语从句的情况引导定语从句的情况在非限制性定语从句中，不以能用在非限制

12、性定语从句中，不以能用that引导。引导。直接在介词后作宾语时，不能用直接在介词后作宾语时，不能用that引导，要引导，要用用whom, whose或或which，且不能省略。，且不能省略。当先行词是指人的当先行词是指人的all, any, few, one(s), anyone, everyone, those, people, he等时，只能用等时，只能用who。当先行词与关系代词之间有较复杂的短语或当先行词与关系代词之间有较复杂的短语或从句隔开时。从句隔开时。(5)在非限制性定语从句中，表示在非限制性定语从句中，表示“部分与整体部分与整体”的关系时，用的关系时，用of which/who

13、m或者或者of which/whom都可以。都可以。13若两个句子若两个句子(有两个主谓结构有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连词连词，否则，句子结构就不完整。否则，句子结构就不完整。 根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句还是某种主从复合句。然式结构，确定是并列句还是某种主从复合句。然后根据某人从句的特点，结合连词的意义和作用，后根据某人从句的特点，结合连词的意义和作用，确定填具体的某个连词。如：确定填具体的某个连词。如： 一旦判断是一旦判断是定语从

14、句定语从句，就根据定语从句的先，就根据定语从句的先行词和代表先行词的关系词在从句中作什么句子行词和代表先行词的关系词在从句中作什么句子成分，来确定关系词，若在从句中作主语和宾语，成分，来确定关系词，若在从句中作主语和宾语，用关系代词，若作状语就用关系副词。用关系代词，若作状语就用关系副词。14例例1One day, he came up with an idea 35 he would pluck (拔拔)up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. （2008年广东）年广东）分析：因分析：因he came和和he would

15、 pluck是两个是两个主谓关系，即两个句子，他们之间没有句号或主谓关系，即两个句子，他们之间没有句号或分号，空格处必定是填连词；又因为分号，空格处必定是填连词；又因为“他想把他想把禾苗拔几寸禾苗拔几寸”就是就是“主意主意(idea)”的具体内容，的具体内容，可见后句是同位语从句；由于该从句不缺任何可见后句是同位语从句；由于该从句不缺任何句子成分，并且意义已非常完整了，故填句子成分，并且意义已非常完整了，故填that。15 例例2He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, 37 he felt very happy since the

16、 crop did “grow” higher. (2008广东广东)分析：因和分析：因和he was和和he felt是两个主谓关系，是两个主谓关系，即两个句子，他们之间是逗号，而不是句号或即两个句子，他们之间是逗号，而不是句号或分号，空格处必定是填连词；又因分号，空格处必定是填连词；又因“很累很累”与与“高兴高兴”之间是转折关系，故填并例连词之间是转折关系，故填并例连词but。16 例例3I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to 32 should have the honour

17、of receiving me as a guest in their house. (2007广东广东) 分析：因分析：因to是介词，介词后一定是接宾语；是介词，介词后一定是接宾语；又因又因should have可知是一个从句来作可知是一个从句来作to的宾的宾语，即宾语从句；由句式结构可知，空格处一语，即宾语从句；由句式结构可知，空格处一定是填作主语的连接代词，能定是填作主语的连接代词，能“有幸接待我有幸接待我”的应是人，故填的应是人，故填who。17 例例4the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it

18、 to a small town some 20 kilometers away 36 there was a garage. (2007广东广东) 分析：因前后两个句子之间没有分号或句号，分析：因前后两个句子之间没有分号或句号，也缺少连词，一定是填连词；由句子之间的关也缺少连词，一定是填连词；由句子之间的关系和句意可知，在大约系和句意可知，在大约20公里远的那个小镇上公里远的那个小镇上有修理厂，由此判断后一句是定语从句，有修理厂，由此判断后一句是定语从句，a small town是先行词，且在从句中作状语，故填是先行词，且在从句中作状语，故填关系副词关系副词where。1819一、单句填空：

19、用适当的连词填空。一、单句填空：用适当的连词填空。并并 列列 句句1. I thought youd be late for the concert, _ we ended up getting there ahead of time. (湖南湖南)2. Stand over there _ youll be able to see the oil painting better. (全国全国)3. He found it increasingly difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. (山山东东)4. The art

20、ist was born poor, _ poor he remained all his life. (重庆重庆)but and for and 205. In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children. (四川四川)6. You have failed two tests. Youd better start working harder, _ you wont pass the course. (北京北京)7. Reality is not the wa

21、y you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, _ the way they actually are. (湖南湖南)while or but 218. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, _ their education that causes misunderstanding. (全国全国I)9. He was about halfway through his meal _a familiar voice came to his ears. (辽辽

22、宁宁)10. I grew up in Africa _ at least I should say that I spent much of the first ten years of my life there. (辽宁辽宁) but when or 22名名 词词 性性 从从 句句11. The companies are working together to create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. (北京北京)12. _ was most important to her

23、, she told me, was her family. (山东山东)13. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home. (浙江浙江)what What what 2314. Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held? (陕西陕西)15. The news _ our athletes won anothe

24、r gold medal was reported in yesterdays newspaper. (上海上海)16. The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park. (天津天津)17. _ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (浙江浙江)where that when Whoever 2418. Having checked the doors were closed, and _ all the lights were off, t

25、he boy opened the door to his bedroom. (湖南湖南)19. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make _ it is. (天津天津)20. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are. (浙江浙江) that how where 25定语从句定语从句21. The Science Museum, _ we visited during a r

26、ecent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. (江苏江苏)22. Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. (浙江浙江)23. All the neighbors admire this family, _ the parents are treating their child like a friend. (安徽安徽)which which where 2624. The gro

27、wing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, most of _ are beyond our control. (湖南湖南)25. The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of _ were made of small diamonds. (陕西陕西)26. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. (全国全国)27. We shouldnt

28、spend our money testing so many people, most of _ are healthy. (北京北京)28. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with any kids. (山东山东)which which which whom when 2729. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days. (重庆重庆)30. Later in this chapter cases will

29、 be introduced to readers _ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. (江西江西)31. The village has developed a lot _ we learned farming two years ago. (福建福建)32. After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she had to decide what to do. (江西江西) where where where where 2833. Those s

30、uccessful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight(看到看到) matters more than hearing. (天津天津)34. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, neither of _ wanted to buy it. (安徽安徽)35. It is reported that two schools, both of _ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. (

31、四川四川) where whom which 29状状 语语 从从 句句36. Nancy enjoyed herself so much _ she visited her friends in Sydney last year. (福建福建)37. Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back. (北京北京)38. The research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time

32、_ we meet them again. (安徽安徽)39. - Did you return Freds call? - I didnt need to _ Ill see him tomorrow. (北京北京) when before before because 3040. - Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?- He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word. (四川四川)41. “You cant have this football back _ you promise not to

33、 kick it at my cat again,” the old man said firmly. (广东广东)42. Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get at it. (山东山东)43. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. (重庆重庆)before until where if 3144. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to

34、 send help _ there is human suffering. (江西江西)45. A small car is big enough for a family of three _ you need more space for baggage. (全国全国)46. _ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. (全国全国II)47. You will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence. (福建福建) wherever unless If

35、once/if 3248. His plan was such a good one _ we all agreed to accept it. (陕西陕西)49. _ the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it. (湖南湖南)50. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, even _ they knew it to be valuable. (浙江浙江)51. _ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. (辽宁辽宁)that Although /Though /While though/if However 3352. The lawyer rarely wears any