全国高考英语语法填空专项复习（课堂PPT）

1、12017年全国高考英语语法填空年全国高考英语语法填空 专题复习专题复习2考纲解读考纲解读一篇一篇200字左右的短文或对话字左右的短文或对话,话题贴近学话题贴近学生生活。生生活。能力考查：能力考查： 理解语篇、句子结构、理解语篇、句子结构、 运用语法、单词短语运用语法、单词短语空格类型空格类型有提示词有提示词无提示词无提示词32014-2016全国卷语法填空知识点分布2014一卷2014二卷2015一卷2015二卷2016一卷2016二卷2016三卷名词changespaintingsabilityattractiondaysachievementstudiesdevelopment形容词cl

2、eaner amazingpatientdisappointednaturalgreater副词actuallysuddenlybeforeregularlyslowlyofficiallyregularlygradually时态语态主谓一致wascaughtarrivedisgoeswas allowedisbe madewere非谓语to reducebeing/to stop/ridingconductedlivingbuilt/usingto coolpermittedintroducingto bringto createusing代词meitsits冠词thethethea介词to

3、byattoonwith连词orandand从句that定语that定语How宾语When定语when状语Who定语短语搭配as as特殊句式Did疑问make祈使4根据上表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或根据上表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：考查内容是：(1)纯空格题：纯空格题：通常考通常考_ 等四类词。一个空格只能填等四类词。一个空格只能填 个单词个单词(2)有提示词题型：有提示词题型：通常考通常考 _、_、_、_等。一个空格可以填等。一个空格可以填_个单词个单词 冠词、介词、连词和代词冠词、介词、连词和代词一动词动词形容词和副词的比较等级形容词和副词的比较等级词性转换词性转换一到两

4、一到两名词名词5 名词之前名词之前 考查语法点考查语法点: 定冠词定冠词,不定冠词的用法不定冠词的用法 无提示词无提示词61.The adobe dwellings built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _most modern of architects and engineers.2. Now years later, this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.3. The n

5、ursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, other is with mum.4.Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _while.5. Janes grandmother had wanted to write a childrens book for many years，but one thing or another always got in_way. 7下列情况

6、很可能填下列情况很可能填 ：(1)_+可数可数n.(单数单数)；(2)_+形容词形容词+可数可数n.(单数单数)。下列情况下很可能填下列情况下很可能填 ：(1)_ (+形容词形容词)+n.+ of等介词短语等介词短语 (表示特指表示特指)；(2)_ (+形容词形容词)+n.+定语从句定语从句(表示特指表示特指)；(3)_ (+形容词形容词)+n.+不定式短语或分词短语不定式短语或分词短语 (表示特指表示特指)不定冠词不定冠词定冠词定冠词解题技巧解题技巧8(1)(1)介词介词+ +宾语（名词）宾语（名词）(2)(2)不及物动词不及物动词+ +介词介词+ +宾语宾语 考查语法点考查语法点: 介词的

7、基本用法及惯用搭配介词的基本用法及惯用搭配 无提示词：无提示词：注意固定搭配注意固定搭配91.But my connection with pandas goes back_ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,2. Most of us are more focused _our tasks in the morning. 3. In India, for example , most people traditionally eat_ their hands.4. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an ho

8、ur away _car.5. I got a place next _the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.6._the same time, they warm up again for the night. 10 当空格后的名词(一般前有限定词)、代词或动名词在句中不是作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，那就是作介词的宾语，即填介词。 因为名词和代词最典型的用法是在句中作主语或宾语，既然不作主语和动词的宾语，那就是作介词的宾语了，所以要填介词。 具体填什么介词,可能是由介词与该名词的搭配及其意义来决定,也可能是由动词或形容词与介

9、词的句式搭配来决定。解题技巧解题技巧11(1)(1)作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格, ,注意注意形容词词性形容词词性和和名词性物主代词名词性物主代词的区别。的区别。(2)(2)指示代词指示代词, ,不定代词、反身代词等不定代词、反身代词等考查语法点考查语法点: 代词的基本用法代词的基本用法 无提示词无提示词121.On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _(it) mother.2. Id been at home in Hong Kong, wi

10、th _(it) choking smog. 3. A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! Its _(I).” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. 13 无提示词：代词无提示词：代词在句子中作在句子中作主语或宾语主语或宾语时，通常填时，通常填代词代词，包括，包括1.人称代词人称代词(I/me/you/he/him等等)、2.指示代词指示代词(it/this等等)、3.不定代词不定代词(something/anything等等)、4.名词性物主代词名词性物主代

11、词(mine/yours/his/hers等等)、5.疑问代词疑问代词(which/who等等)、6.反身代词反身代词(不能作主语不能作主语)(myself/yourself等等) 在在名词前作定语名词前作定语就就只能用形容词性物主代词只能用形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her等等)。解题技巧解题技巧14两个主谓结构连接两个主谓结构连接 考查语法点考查语法点: 各类复合句中连词各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法引导词的用法 无提示词无提示词15连词和引导词高考真题连词和引导词高考真题1.(2016全国全国I) But my connection with pandas goes bac

12、k to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _I was the first Western TV reporter .2.(2016全国全国) Over time ,_the population grew , people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.3.(2016全国) Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,_ lived from roughly 551 to

13、 479 B.C.4.(2015全国I) Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists. 5.(2015全国II) As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle w

14、ork on most days. when when/as who which/that how166.(2014全国I) Maybe you have a habit _ is driving your family crazy.7.(2016江苏）Many young people ,most of_were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.8.(2016江苏江苏)It is often the case_ anything is possible for those who hang on t

15、o hope. _ is often the case, anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. which/thatthat whomAs179.There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _ some of them looked very anxious.10. But river wasnt changed in a few days_ even a few months.11. In much of Asia, especially the so-called “ric

16、e bowl” cultures of China ,Japan ,Korea ,_ Vietnam , food is usually eaten with chopsticks. and or and18解题技巧解题技巧解题技巧解题技巧19并列句和复合句并列句和复合句并列句：并列句：简单句简单句并列连词并列连词简单句简单句复合句：复合句：主句（主谓宾）主句（主谓宾）从句从句（连接词连接词主谓）主谓）两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就分号，就必须要用连词必须要用连词，否则，句子，否则，句子的结构就不完整。的结构就不完整。20 有提示词有提示词 与主语构成

17、主谓结构与主语构成主谓结构 考查语法点考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致及主谓一致211.It was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base. I_(allow) to get up close to these cute animals .2. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _ (be) often acceptable.3. Whatever it is, _(make ) sure

18、its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.4. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _(be)too violent for use at the table.5. Truly elegant chopsticks might_(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.226.It was raining lightly when I_ (arrive

19、) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 7. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away by car . Yangshuo _ (be) really beautiful.8. This cycle _ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night.9. In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Clev

20、eland, Ohio. It _ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.10. A boy on a bike _ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.23 当句中缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时要考虑_、_、_、_等四个方面。【确定时态的【确定时态的3条依据】条依据】(1)依据上下文时态一致。看上下文谓语动词是什么时态(过去/现在/将来)，空格要填的动词时态一般应与上下文的时态一致。这空格要填的动词时态一般应

21、与上下文的时态一致。这是高考语法填空中确定时态的最重要的依据是高考语法填空中确定时态的最重要的依据。但需注意：客观事实或真理可能时态不一致；直接引语的时态会与引号外的时态不一致。(2)依据并列谓语动词的时态一致。(3)依据时间状语。如recently, so far, up to now, up to the present, in the past few years常与现在完成时连用；by the end of, since 1980, for three years常与完成时连用。提示：尽管课标或考纲中列出了10种时态，一般现在时和一般一般现在时和一般过去时过去时两种时态考查的多一些。解

22、题技巧解题技巧时态、时态、 语态、语态、 语气、语气、 主谓一致主谓一致24 有提示词有提示词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式除谓语动词以外的动词形式 考查语法点考查语法点: 非谓语动词及变形的使用非谓语动词及变形的使用 25非谓语高考真题单句填空1.(2016全国I) I was the first Western TV reporter _ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.2.(2016全国I) My ambassadorial duties will in

23、clude _(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu.3.(2016全国II) If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely _ (bring) your work home.4.(2016全国) Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _(create)special designs.5. (2016全国) People

24、 probably cooked their food in large pots, _ (use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.permittedintroducingto bringto createusing266.(2015全国I) A study of travelers_(conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 7. (2015全国I) Abercrombie & Kent, a travel comp

25、any in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people_ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.8.(2015全国II) The adobe dwellings(土坯房）_(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.9.(2015全国II) In addition to thei

26、r simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without _（use）electric equipment.conductedlivingbuiltusing27 当句中已有谓语已有谓语动词，横线前又没有没有并列连词并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式(doing, done, to do)。解题技巧解题技巧28 有提示词有提示词 介词介词, ,冠词冠词, ,所有格后

27、接名词所有格后接名词, ,形容词修形容词修饰名词饰名词, ,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子 考查语法点考查语法点: 各类词性的正确使用及转化各类词性的正确使用及转化291.The title will be _(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. 2. Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks_(regular).3. Food in small pieces could be eate

28、n easily with twigs which _(gradual)turned into chopsticks.4. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it_(regular) arranges quick getaways.5. As _(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days

29、. 6. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_（slow）during cool nights.307.The river was so polluted that I_(actual) caught fire and burned.8. While there are _ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a

30、 lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be_ (patience).9. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and _ (disappoint). 10. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers_(sudden) became fr

31、iendly to one another.31 当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时, ,就需要词类转换。这类题一般可根据以下就需要词类转换。这类题一般可根据以下5 5点顺利解决：点顺利解决：（1 1）作主语或宾语用）作主语或宾语用_形式。形式。（2 2）在形容词性物主代词、冠词）在形容词性物主代词、冠词(+(+形容词形容词) )、不定代、不定代词词(some, any, a lot of(some, any, a lot of等等) )、介词后还没有名词时，、介词后还没有名词时，就用就用_形式。形式。（3 3）作定语、表语或补足语用）作定语、

32、表语或补足语用_形式。形式。（4 4）作状语，修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或放在）作状语，修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或放在句首修饰全句，用句首修饰全句，用_。（5 5）当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，）当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的无需改变词性，而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀前缀或后缀，也可能用其，也可能用其比较级或最高级比较级或最高级。解题技巧解题技巧名词名词名词名词形容词形容词副词副词32考点归纳考点归纳 在高考全国卷中出现的考纲词的派生在高考全国卷中出现的考纲词的派生词是不算生词的，也不用汉语注明，因此，词

33、是不算生词的，也不用汉语注明，因此，掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。从近两年全国卷的语法填空来看，词类转从近两年全国卷的语法填空来看，词类转换仅考查了以下换仅考查了以下3点：点：(1)形容词形容词副词。副词。(2)形容词形容词名词。名词。(3)名词名词形容词。形容词。33 有提示词有提示词通常，有表示范围的通常，有表示范围的in /ofin /of介词短语或介词短语或形容词前有形容词前有thethe时，一般要用最高级；时，一般要用最高级；thanthan的前面一定要用比较级的前面一定要用比较级 34 1.Finally, that hard work paid of

34、f and now the water in the river is_ (clean) than ever.2. If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify those of_(great) and less importance. 35解题技巧解题技巧 当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语境境,理解句意，若该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得理解句意，若该词意

35、思不变，逻辑上讲得通通,就很可能填该词的比较级或最高级。就很可能填该词的比较级或最高级。 注意：注意： 要善于分析语境要善于分析语境,辨别省略了辨别省略了than的隐性比较级。的隐性比较级。 若需要用与该词意义相反的意思，逻辑若需要用与该词意义相反的意思，逻辑才通顺的，就要在该词前加表示否定或相反才通顺的，就要在该词前加表示否定或相反意义的前缀或后缀。如：意义的前缀或后缀。如：361. (2015卷卷I65) seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _ (painting). 2. (2014卷卷I49) While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the _(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning