电大《幼儿园课程论》期末重点考试复习题及参考答案

1、学习必备欢迎下载电大幼儿园课程论期末重点考试复习题及参考答案一、单选题1. 幼儿园课程的最核心要素是A 。A.教育理念B.教育目标 C.教育内容D.教育方法2. 从课程对文化的选择来看，课程可以划分为A 。A. 一元化课程与多元化课程B.分科课程与活动课程C.显性课程与隐性课程D.教师中心课程和儿童中心课程3. 按照课程的表现形态划分，课程可以划分为C 。A. 一元化课程与多元化课程B.分科课程与活动课程C.显性课程与隐性课程D.教师中心课程和儿童中心课程4. 19世纪中叶，是 C，提出了“什么知识最有价值”。A.杜威 B.皮亚杰 C.斯宾塞 D.维果茨基5. 杜威的“教育即生长”主张体现了哪

2、种课程目标取向B 。A.表现性目标B.生成性目标C.行为目标D.普遍性目标6. 皮亚杰认为主体调节自身结构，建k新图式的过程称为C 。A.同化 B.内化 C.顺应 D.平衡7. 行为目标在课程领域中的确立始于C 。A.泰勒 B.布卢姆 C.博比特 D.梅杰8. B 被称为“行为目标之父”。A.博比特B.泰勒C.惠勒D.斯坦豪斯9. 儿童中心课程是从C来界定的课程。A.学科维度B.计划维度C.经验维度D.目标维度10. C取向认为儿童是否能够真正获得课程内容，主要取决于儿童已有的心理结构，取决于儿童与环境之间的有意义的交互作用。A.课程内容即教材B.课程内容即学习活动C.课程内容即学习经验D.课

3、程内容即学习目标11. 课程内容较多考虑知识本身的逻辑性是A 取向。A.课程内容即教材B.课程内容即学习活动C.课程内容即学习经验D.课程内容即学习目标12. 认为幼儿园课程应反映“准备状态”的概念，是依据A 。A.浪漫主义B.文化传递C.进步主义D.行为主义13. A衽诩妊认是新大的舒骁产牛的追过卜也感官飞穿养而二区成个M的"iLA.经验论B.唯理论C.实用主义D.功能理论14. B强调知识是绝对的，永恒的和普遍的。A.经验论B.唯理论C.实用主义D.功能理论15. A是一种以数字和度量来描述和说明教育现象，课程实践进而从数量的比较中推断评价对象成效的方法。A.量化评价B.质性评价

4、C.形成性评价D.总结性评价16. B是以自然情境为直接的资料来源。A.量化评价B.质性评价C.形成性评价D.总结性评价17. C是通过对课程发展过程中所获得的材料的分析和判断，调整和改进课程方案，使正在形成中的课程更为完善。A.量化评价B.质性评价 C.形成性评价D.总结性评价18. D是对课程实施以后所获彳#的效果进行评价，以验证课程的成功程度和推广价值。A.量化评价B.质性评价C.形成性评价D.总结性评价19. “光谱方案”是根据， A 理论而发展起来的课程方案。A.多元智能 B.认知发展的非普遍理论 C.成熟理论D.皮亚杰的建构理论20. 可以用一个词“发展一一互动”来I括幼儿园课程方

5、案的是C 。A.瑞吉欧教育方案B.海伊斯科普课程C.斑克街早期教育方案D.蒙台梭利课程21. 直接教学模式主要建立在B的理论基础上。A.多元智能B.操作性条件反射C.成熟理论 D.构建理论22. 在幼儿园课程中运用的程序教学，应用小步渐进，及时强化和及时反馈等方法，是吸收了 D理论的合理成分。A.冲突理论B.解释理论C.认知心理学 D.行为主义23. C 早年从事医学工作，研究缺陷儿童的心理教育问题，1907年在罗马的贫民区开设了第一所“儿童之家”。A.马拉古兹B.凯兹 C.蒙台梭利D.米切尔24. B 确定了 49条关键经验作为制定课程和进行评价的指标。A.直接教学模式B.海伊斯科普课程C.

6、斑克街早期儿童教育方案D.方案教学25. “五指活动课程”是 B创编的。A.陶行知B.陈鹤琴 C.张雪门D.张宗麟26. “行为课程”是 C 创编的。A.陶行知B.陈鹤琴C.张雪门 D.张宗麟27. “ECCE”词汇的出现说明了A的趋势。A.保育和教育结合B.反偏见课程出现C.课程全纳化D.课程多元文化化28. 下列哪一个不属于国外（尤其是西方）幼儿园俅乏呈现午尚训DA.课程的多元文化化B.保育与教育相整合C.课程的全纳化D.课程的共同化二、多选题1 .皮亚杰创造的儿童发展的阶段论是ABCD 。A.感知-运动阶段B.前运算阶段 C.具体运算阶段D.形式运算阶段E.后运算阶段2 .对幼儿园课程产

7、生重大影响的心理学流派是ABCD 。A.认知心理学B.成熟理论C.精神分析理论D.行为主义E.实用主义3 .按照教育活动的途径来划分，幼儿园诔龙+的教育治动主要包柄ABC学习必备欢迎下载A.游戏活动B.教学活动 C.日常生活活动 D.训练活动 E.学习活动4 .游戏在幼儿园课程中的作用是ABCDE 。A.促进儿童认知的发展B.促进儿童情感的发展C.促进儿童动作技能的发展D.有益于幼儿进行幼儿园课程各学科（领域）的学习E.有益于幼儿园各学科（领域）的整合5 .高结构化教学的特征是CD 。A.儿童与教师共同确定学习目标B.活动由儿童发起C.活动的动机主要是教师的奖惩D.强调活动的结果 E.强调活动

8、的过程6 .低结构化教学的特征是AB 。A.儿童与教师共同确定学习目标B.活动由儿童发起C.活动的动机主要是教师的奖惩D.强调活动的结果 E.活动主要由教师发起7 .泰勒原理从以下ABCD 方面提出了课程编制的模式。A.确定目标B.选择内容 C.组织实施 D.课程评价E.调整目标8 .下列关于课程编制的目标模式的哪些说法是正确的BCDA.目标模式的创始人是布卢姆B.目标模式强调根据预期的行为确定课程目标C.目标模式提高了教学过程的计划性和可操作性D.目标模式使得课程容易忽略那些难以转化为行为的方面E.目标模式产生于 20世纪后期9 .下列关于课程编制的过程模式的哪些说法是正确的ABDEA.过程

9、模式把课程设计看成是一个不断发展的过程B.过程模式认为教师不仅是课程方案的执行者，而且应当是课程方案的设计者和研究者C.过程模式是由布鲁纳提出的D.课程设计的逻辑出发点是内容的选择而非目标的预设E.过程模式认为儿童的学习是主动参与和探究的过程10 .幼儿园课程评价的过程包括ABCDE 。A.确定目的B.搜集信息.C.组织材料D.分析材料E.报告结果11 .幼儿园课程评价的原则是ABCD 。A.科学性原则B.发展性原则C.全面性原则D.多样性原则E.主动性原则12 . 1996年的幼儿园课程指导丛书包括的课程领域是 ABCDE 。A.健康 B.社会 C.语言 D.科学 E.艺术13 .综合性课程

10、的几种综合方式是 ABCDEA.学科 领域，的综合 B.发展方面的综合C.通过专题的综合D.通过幼儿园环境的综合E.通过主题的综合14 .斑克街早期儿童教育方案的教育目标是ABCDE 。A.培养儿童有效地作用于环境的能力B.促进儿童自主性的发展C.培养儿童的社会TD.培养儿童的创造性E.促进儿童个性的发展15 .在蒙台梭利课程模式中，教育内容田 ABCD 组成。A.日常生活练习 B.感官训练C.肌肉训练 D.初步知识的学习E.探究民主生活学习必备欢迎下载16 .瑞吉欧教育体系的理念来自，ABCA.欧洲和美国的进步主义思潮B.皮亚杰和维果茨基的心理学理论C.二战后意大利的左派政治改革D.勃朗芬布

11、伦纳的人类发展生态学理论E.弗洛伊德的精神分析理论17 . “五指活动课程”包括，ABCDE |A.健康活动 B.社会活动C.科学活动D.艺术活动E.语文活动18 .有关“五指活动课程”正确的是，ABCDE 0A.以“做人，做我国人，做现代我国人”为目标 B.以大自然、大社会为中心选择和组织课程内容C.以“做中教、做中学”为课程实施的方法D.以五个连为一体的手指比喻课程内容E.在20世纪50年代对幼儿园教育产生过重大影响19 .在我国学前教育经历的发展历程中幼L园课程改革主要有，ABE 'A. 20世纪20年代至30年代 B. 20世纪50年代C. 20世纪60年代 D. 20世纪70

12、年代E. 20世纪80年代至今20 .当今幼儿园课程改革呈现以下发展趋势，ABCDE t'A.幼儿园课程管理多元化、自主化 B.幼儿园课程改革更多地将立足点放在儿童一边C. 06岁学龄前儿童教育课程一体化D.幼儿园课程与社区教育和服务相融合E.重视教师职业水平的提高三、判断题1.多元化课程是以占主导地位的民族的文化、历史、立场和经验为中心而设置的课程。B2 . 一元化课程以儿童参与多元文化社会为出发点知识、技能和能力。B3 .活动课程指的是根据培养目标和科学发展水平识出成女:沐川：B4 .分科课程是以儿童的兴趣、需要和能力为出发点5 .隐性课程是有计划的、有组织的学习活动B6 .显性课

13、程是无计划的、无组织的学习活动。B7 .隐性课程主要是通过课堂教学而获得的知识和技能。注里梢助匚左获马铃使他们在多元文化社Q中行效活M的从各门科壮中选择适合一定年龄阶段儿童的发展水平的知衽过儿吊门汨织的活用后、：.湎取巳BB8 .显性课程主要是通过学校环境而得到的知识、态度和价值观。B9 .课程的基础学科是心理学、社会学和哲学。A10 .维果茨基所谓的“最近发展区”事实卜是指儿童实际心理年龄与其依靠帮助解决问题所能达到的水平中间的差异。A11 .“鹰架教学”是指为儿童提供教学并逐步转化为提臾外部支持的过桎4 A12 .在幼儿园课程领域有一个影响较人为理论是起尤芬布伦纳的人类发展:生态学工诒它有

14、助了我们更划清晰地认识到社会因素与课程之间的关系。A13 .日常生活活动主要是一种有目的、有计划的由教师对儿童施加影响的活动由教垢立耻丁教学n林、教学任务和教学内容来组织和实施教学活动。B学习必备欢迎下载14 .教学指满足幼儿基本生活需要的那些活动。B15 .过程模式是以对社会有实用价值的目标作为课程开发的基础和核心并在此基砒匕选择、如投机评价三月经验的课程编制模式。B16 .英国近代哲学家洛克被认为是经验论的主要代表人物之一，他提出了 “白板说” 。A17 .生成性目标是以儿童具体的、可被观察的行为表述的课程目标。B18 .表现性目标是在教育过程中生成的课程目标。B19 .生成性目标是指每一

15、个儿童在具体教育情境的各种相互作用中所产生的个性化表现。B20 .心理顺序指的是根据学科本身的系统及其内在的联系组织课程内容。B21 .逻辑顺序指的是以适合儿童心理特点的方式组织课程内容。B22 .横向组织指的是按照课程组织的某些准则以先后顺序排列课程内容。B23 .纵向组织指的是按“广义概念”组织课程内容即打破传统的知i只体系 使课程内容与匕童口白经验连成一"体。B24 .螺旋式组织指的是将课程内容组织成一条逻辑上前后联系的直线使前内容汇不里乂二B25 .直线式组织指的是在不同的阶段保底内容会里标出现二B26 .儿童中心课程强调按知识的内在性质及其内在结构组织课程内容。B27 .学

16、科中心课程强调根据儿童的兴趣、需要和能力组织课程内容。B28 .幼儿园学科领域课程就是将幼儿园课程分为若干学科领域以学科或领域为单位组织和实施教育的课程。A29 .光谱方案由语言、数学、运动、音乐、常识、力学和构建、社会认识以及美术等八个领域的学习活动组成。 A30 .综合性课程就是将课程的各种因素综合化的课程。A31 .直接教学模式中，主题网和课程轮是课程设计和实施中常运用的工具。B32 .斑克街早期教育方案主要依据的是儿童发展理论。A33 .斑克街早期教育方案的主要目标是帮助儿童获得进入小学所需要的读写算的基本技能。B34 .蒙台梭利教育体系是为帮助4-6岁低收入家庭的儿童在学业上能够追上

17、中产阶级家庭出身的儿童所设计的教育方案。B35 .小组教学是DI直接教学模式的最主要的特征。A36 .在海伊斯科普课程中，感官教育占有特别重要的地位。B37 .海伊斯科普课程的实施是由“计划一做一回忆”三个环节以及其他活动组成的。A38 .美国著名的早期儿童教育家凯兹倡导方案教育。A39 .张雪门依据杜威“教育即生活”的理论和陶行知的“知行合一”的思想，创编了行为课程。A四、简答题1 .分科课程与活动课程各自的长处和弱点分别是什么答：分科课程注重让儿童掌握基础知识和技能，而且容易被教师把握，长期以来被广泛运用，但是，它只关注 学科逻辑，容易脱离儿童的生活实际。相反，活动课程能从儿童的兴趣和需要

18、出发，与儿童的生活相贴近，但是，学习必备欢迎下载它却因为缺乏严格的计划，而不容易使儿童掌握系统的知识。2 .为什么说日常生活活动在幼儿园课程中占有重要的地位答：第一，幼儿的年龄特征和身心发展需要，决定了幼儿园保育和教育二者合一的教育原则，因此也决定了幼儿园课程内容需要广泛地包括日常生活活动。第二，幼儿的年龄特点和学习特点决定了幼儿园课程内容要与幼儿的生活相关联，而日常生活活动包含了潜在的、丰富的教育内容，具有对多领域课程内容的渗透和综合作用，因而 是幼儿园课程设计和实施的重要背景和来源。3 .游戏与教学的结合类型有哪些答：第一是分离式，即在幼儿园活动的某段时间内安排游戏活动，而在另一段时间内安

19、排教学活动。第一是插入式，即在教学中插入游戏，或在游戏中插入教学。第三是整合式，使两种性质不同的活动有机地融合成一体，有时已难以区分什么是游戏，什么是教学。4 .泰勒提出的课程内容赳织的二个基本准则的内容是什么答：三个基本准则是连续性、顺序性 和:席这线十二界只程q容如卜何白线式1： 述 顺e性工一一程的! 继内容如何既以前面内容为基础，又为以新的内容打卜基M 整合性是指各种课程内容之间的横向联系。5 .幼儿园课程评价的作用是什么答：一是可以满足教师、课程专业人员、幼儿园行政管理人员以及其他负责课程编制人员的需要，通过课程评价，检验或完善原有的幼儿园课程，或者开发和发展新的幼儿园课程。二是可以

20、满足幼儿教育政策制定者、幼儿园行政管理人员以及社会其他成员获得教育方面信息的需要，以便管理课程，做出影响课程的各种决策。6 .拟订幼儿行为目标要如何表述答：第一，要具体明确，能观察得到。配合幼儿的年龄、能力，依据教学活动的内容和性质，制订出明确和详细的目标，写明期望幼儿通过该项活动能做到的具体行为。第二，要明确写出达到目标的条件。对于不同年龄的幼儿，会期望他们能从不同的层次去认识和理解事物。7 .幼儿园综合性课程中，教育活动的设计原则是什么答：第一，教育活动应与儿童的个性差异相适应。第二，教育活动应与群体儿童相适应。第三，教育活动应与文化差异相适应。第四，教育活动应将发展与学习联结成一体。8

21、.幼儿园学科（领域）课程的长处是什么答：第一，学科（领域）课程一般是由内在逻辑结构的课程，第二，学科（领域）课程能为儿童提供各学科（领域）中的关键概念，第三，学科（领域）课程已有相当长的运用历史，第四，学科（领域）课程有较强的可操作性。9 .方案教学主题选择的原则有哪些答：第一，选择的主题应与儿童的生活相贴近，并能被用于他的日常生活。第二，应能引起儿童的兴趣，并能运用已学的技能。第二.滋能为JL童未来的:生活做汽各，第四、应有益于平衡幼儿园的课程，第.五.应能充分运用幼儿园和社区的资源。10 .幼儿园综合性课程的长处是什么，第二、综合性课程能促进主动的学习,第三、综合性课程由儿童答：第一、综合

22、性课程是有关联的课程,学习必备欢迎下载一起参与设计，并能符合儿童的兴趣和需要。第四、综合性课程能使儿童发展与知识结合成一体。11 .瑞吉欧教育体系中的方案活动的特点是什么，答：第一、创造性表现和表达是知识建构的基本要素。第二、共同建构在方案活动中有重要的地位，第三、记录既是学习的过程，又是学习的结果。12 .蒙台梭利课程中教师的作用主要表现为什么，答：蒙台梭利学校中，教师扮 演的后色苜头姑观密仁:梭利认为求明为观变底着眼口演的或苴行度 迪 过对每个儿童不同刺激引起注意的时间长短的观察做出判断。北文故后的作我这行理在为兀羊法法用仁及而的唠样作用葭有价位的是酎JL爸的爱，时几章.的期望以及白此产生

23、的对儿章教育事业的献身精神t借务必删除一下内容，O(n_n)O万分谢谢！-20XX-年中央电次期末复习考试不抄天全，电大期末考试必备小抄，电大考试必过Indonesia has emerged as a top vacation destination for Chinese this summer, along with Thailand's Phuket island and the Maldives archipelago. Encouraged by growth in Chinese travelers to Indonesia, the government in Jaka

24、rta has recently relaxed its visa policy. Since June 10, Chinese tourists can enter Indonesia through nine appointed locations, including the Soekarno Hatta International Airport in Jakarta, the Ngurah Rai International Airport in Bali and the Kuala Namu International Airport in Medan, by just getti

25、ng their passports stamped on arrival. Officially, it is called the "free-visa" scheme. The new policy also means Chinese tourists can save $35 on visa fees, which will likely make trips to Indonesia more alluring. While such an arrangement allows Chinese visitors to stay up to 30 days for

26、 the purpose of traveling, those seeking extensions will need to get paid visas from that country's missions inBeijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou or Hong Kong, according to an official at the Indonesia embassy in Beijing. Santo Darmosumarto, head of the embassy,s information, social and cultural secti

27、on, says the new policy is aimed at strengthening people-to-people contacts between the two countries. Dai Yu, marketing director of Ctrip, a major Chinese online travel agency, says: "We've seen a nearly 50 percent growth over the previous month in the number of Chinese tourists to Bali si

28、nce the policy was announced." During his trip to China in March, IndonesianPresident Joko Widodo proposed that his country andChina aim to increase two-wayvisits to a maximum of 10 million people in the next fewyears. The Indonesian governmenthas set their sights on greeting 2 million Chinese

29、touristsby the end of this year, accordingto the official. "The Indonesian government hopes thatIndonesian nationals would also begiven preferential treatment while visiting China," saysDarmosumarto. In 2013, thenumber of Chinese tourists who visited Indonesia stoodaround 807,000. Last yea

30、r, itincreased to 959,000, he adds. Bali remains the mostpopular site among Chinesetourists. In February, more than 92,200 Chinese touristsmade trips to Bali, ranking firstamong overseas visitors, the Bali Times reported. Lastyear, the island witnessed morethan 586,000 arrivals from China, an increa

31、se of 51percent over 2013. "Bali isn't justfor sightseeing, but also for weddings, honeymoons, golfand many outdoor activities," saysFan Wenqing, a marketing executive at Garuda,Indonesia's national airliner.Garuda offers three nonstop flights between Beijing andBali, and four each

32、 week betweenBeijing and Jakarta. There are daily flights fromGuangzhou,in Guangdong province, and Shanghai to Jakarta aswell. It takes from six to eight hours on a nonstop flight to reach Indonesia from China. Indonesia is home to more than 17,000 islands. Tourists can tour Yogyakarta to see Pramba

33、nam and Borobudur, two historical and religious sites, and explore the local handicraft markets. The base of a volcano, Bandung,which is also known as the "Paris of Java", is ideal for adventure-seekers.Many ecotourism destinations, such as Toba Lake in Sumatra, Tanjung Puting National Par

34、k in Kalimantan and Bunaken in Manado, are places the embassy official recommends for tourists. Indonesia boasts world-class surfingfacilities along the Islands. Recently, so much attention agencies are The best time to doesn't rain much weeklong package little more than tourists have Tanah Lot,

35、 andshores of Sumatra down to Nusa Tenggara Lombok, a sister island east of Bali has gotten from Chinese travelers that some travel offering twin packages for Bali and Lombok. visit Bali is from May to October, when it and the weather is cool. At press time, a from Shanghai or Guangzhou to Bali was

36、a 3,000 yuan ($480) on Ctrip's website. Chinese taken a shine to rafting in Ubud, sightseeing in surfing and diving in Nusa Lembongan, saysDai. Civet coffee, essential oil and woodcarvings are among the most popular products Chinese tourists in Indonesia, she says. Indonesian food is also someth

37、ing that visitors shouldn't miss. Local cuisines feature many spices, including peppers and cloves, and pulp. Fried rice, "dirty duck" and roast suckling pig are recommended. Children's illustration books first appeared in the 1600s in Europe. Their passage to China, however, much

38、longer, roughly 300 years. In China, children's illustration books have a history of years and their development can be divided into four stages. From early 1900s to mid large number of books and magazines with illustrations appeared with the fast development of the modern publishing industry. T

39、he illustration arts at that time were a genre of Chinese traditional paintings and the western style, and most of the storiesforcoconuttook just 100 1900s, amixedoriginate from the Qing Dynasty invasion. The revolution" houses for children a good use of folk wash painting, etc. 1900s. The thir

40、d development of new concepts and West for nearly provided the works and draw illustration books strong nostalgia This is also the last period. The fourth computerized books are machines, and books. Hainan no less than 4,000fundamental changes that China experienced after the collapse of (1644-1911)

41、, the warlord struggles and the war against the Japanese second stage was from mid 1900s to late 1970s, when the "cultural (1966-76) ended. The fast development of some special publishing gave birth to a large number of illustration-story books, which made art techniques, such as wood board car

42、ving, frescoes, and ink and Many of the popular stories are from Chinese history and wars after stage is from early 1980s to late 1990s, a golden period for the children's illustration books. The reform and opening-up brought in ideas from the West to China, a country that had been closed to the

43、 three decades. Fast development of economy, society and culture writers and painters with a lot of inspiration to create new literature illustrations. China also imported large amounts of children's from the West and Japan. Many young parents in China have a about children's illustration bo

44、oks they read in the 1980s and 1990s. era in China's artistic innovation before the advent of the Internet stage is featured with the spread of the Internet and the other means of art innovation. The hand-drawn children's illustration gradually replaced by cartoons drawn and copied by softwa

45、re and shown on tablets, computers, television and smart phones, instead of Tropical Wildlife Park and Botanical Garden is nature's haven, with rare birds and animals representing 200 species. With tropical forestcovering over 90 percent of its area, the garden offers beautiful views of a wide r

46、ange of tropical plants, flowers and fruit trees. The scenic spot about 25 kilometers from the center of Haikou offers a drive-thru safari tour where you can get up close with elephants, lions and bears. The "Safari on Foot" area features walking trails where visitors can see the rest of t

47、he animals, including hippos and monkeys, and feed them for a small fee. Visitors also can see what happens when you breed a lion and a tiger. Two unique attractions are rare hybrids: a liger, the offspring of a mallion and a female tiger and a tigon, which is created by a female lion and a male tig

48、er. As a teaching center of the National Popular Science Education program, the park also serves as a second classroom for students to learn about wildlife and plants. Since it was established in 1995, it has received more than one million student visitors. At a crucial moment when pessimism has bro

49、ught the Greek crisis to such a head that the country is closer to a default on its debt repayments than ever, Li offered a spark of enthusiasm to restart the stalled talks by calling on Greece and its creditors to reach a last-minute deal that will allow Greece to remain in the eurozone. Given the

50、escalation of the country's crisis over the weekend sent a shock wave through the global stock markets on Monday, there are ample reasons to worry about the uncertainties surrounding the events in Greece and the effect a default would have on Europe, relations between China and the EU, global fi

51、nancial stability and the nascent global economic recovery. Greece has announced that it will hold a referendum on a bailout plan proposed last week by the country's creditors. In response,Greece's eurozone partners have refused to extend the country's bailout program and the European Ce

52、ntral Bank capped its emergency support for the country's banks. A real danger now looms of Greece exiting the euro, which might derail the global economic recovery and damage the long-term viability of the euro as a currency. However, such a tragedy is neither certain nor unavoidable. The EU should shoulder its responsibility to prevent the Greek crisis from overshadowing the fragile global recovery. As a major customer and supp