雅思Task 2作文主体段落透析及扩展方法

1、雅思Task 2作文主体段落透析及扩展方法 1段落的构成段落通常有三部分组成：（1）主题句，它告诉读者在这个段落讨论的核心内容是什么，主题句一般不添加细节；（2）扩展句，说明或支持主题，一般由2-3句构成，进一步解释主题句要表达的内容，添加细节并提出理由；（3）结论句，因写作风格有两种形式，要么总结该段，要么为引领读者进入下一段做铺垫。也有些干脆不写结论句。示范段落：We all know that cigarette smoking is a dangerous habit because it causes health problems. Doctors say it can be a

2、direct cause of lung cancer and throat cancer and, can also contribute to cancer in other organs. In addition, it can bring about other health problems such as heart and lung diseases. It is clearly identified as one of the chief causes of death in our society.2主题句的形式主题句通常有两种形式：（1）肯定句。例如：Individual

3、Australians are beginning to take more responsibility for recycling their household waste.（2）反诘句。例如：How do you think people will solve the problem of wildlife protection?3如何写主题句（1）使用限制词限定主题 好的主题句经常使用关键词或词组，即限制性词限制这一观点，以防止段落过于松散。例如：Air travel is more convenient than train for at least three reasons.（

4、2）注意主题的可写性所写的主题不能太笼统，也不能太具体。例如：Raising a dog may cause the spread of rabies.Raising pets will be harmful to human health. 再例如：Now lets talk about something about overpopulation.The reasons for the growth of the world population in recent decades are obvious. 在原因、主语和时间方面限制了主题。（3）选择大众化的观点一鸣惊人或独辟蹊径，论证的

5、难度大，已落入自己的陷阱不能自拔。采用人们普遍接受的观点比较稳妥，因为雅思考试主要是考查语言运用能力而不是对问题认识的深度。雅思Task 2作文主体段落扩展方法1因果法因果法通常有明显的表示因果关系的连接词，如because, as a result of , in consequence等。Preventative medicine has proved to be the most efficient way of reducing the incidence of fatal childhood diseases. As a result of the widespread practi

6、ce of immunizing young children in our society, many lives have been saved and the diseases have been reduced to almost zero.2比较对比法比较和对比基本一致，不同的是比较强调两事物的共性，对比强调两事物的区别。An important aspect of travelling in a group is that when an emergency takes place, your friend will give you a hand immediately. To

7、some extent, travelers usually face some risks. When you climb a high mountain, you cannot avoid being hurt by thorns or rocks. If you are alone and are hurt seriously, how bad it is without help. However, If you are with friends, they can carry your bag, prepare food for you and share your loneline

8、ss. Loneliness shared is no more loneliness. You will feel warmth and forget your pains. Maybe you can resume your travelling soon.3举例法以for example, for instance, an illustration of it, a case in point等引出例子来佐证观点。要注意的是，例子要恰当且能支持观点，其次，例子不宜过多，不超过两个为好，否则冗长乏味。Some lessons of the humanities can be taught

9、in an entertaining and enjoyable way. For example, when a teacher is having a language class, he can tell students some interesting stories to make the lesson entertaining. He can also ask students to tell stories in class themselves or organize them to have a discussion on some controversial proble

10、ms in society. When a teacher is having a history lesson, he can tell some interesting anecdotes of some historical characters to make the lesson vivid. But some lessons of science can hardly be taught in an entertaining and enjoyable way and they must be presented in a serious and formal way. For e

11、xample, mathematics is abstract and thus a math lesson can never be taught in a fun way.4分类法对概念中所包含的事物进行分门别类，加以叙述。采用这种方法的段落并没有标志突出的连接词，所述各项均为平行并列关系，所以没有明显的主次之分。We can thus say that while the average human being is a mixture, some people are mainly “digestion-minded”, some “muscle-minded”, and some “

12、brain-minded”, and correspondingly digestion-bodied, muscle-bodies, or brain-bodied. The digestion-bodied people look thick; the muscle-bodied people look wide; and the brain-bodied people look long.5事实与数据法以数据事实的方式给主题句有意义的信息。A good parental attitude definitely helps a childs school progress. Recent studies conducted in the US have shown that Asian students are often higher achievers in school than their American counterparts because Asian parents usually take a more active interest in their childrens education. Educationally minded parents can in fact compensate to a certain extent for