英语划分句子成分句式练习题及答案

1、英语句子成分（一）句子主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：划出主语并说出什么词充当的主语Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.Smokin

2、gdoesharmtothehealth.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.ItisnecessarytomasteraforeignIanguage.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（三）谓语：动词做谓语，谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaught

3、abadcold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：Wearestudents.（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句表示。例如：划出表语并说出有什么词充当OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.Theweatherhasturnedcold.Threetimessevenistwentyone?Hishobbyisplayingfootball.Timeisup.Theclassisover.Isi

4、tyours?Thespeechisexciting.HisjobistoteachEnglish.Themachinemustbeoutoforder.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：Theywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.Theheavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.Hepretendednottoseeme.Ie

5、njoylisteningtopopularmusic.Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lendmeyourdictionary,please.2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如：HisfathernamedhimDongm

6、ing.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.Letthefreshairin.Youmustn'tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.Wesawherenteringtheroom.Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示：名词，形容词，代词，分词，动名词，不定式短语，介词短语等例如：找出定语并看由何种成分充当：Guilinisabeautifulcity.China

7、isadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做

8、状语。可由以下形式表示：Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副词及副词性词组）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介词短语）Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.（不定式短语）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分词短语）Waitaminute.（名词）Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（状语从句）状语种类如下：Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（时间状语）Lastnightshedidn'tgo

9、tothedancepartybecauseofthe原因状语）Ishallgothereifitdoesn（条件状语讥.MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地点状语）Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式状语）Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（伴随状语）Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的状语）Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（结果状语）Sheworksveryhardthoug

10、hsheisold.（让步状语）Iamtallerthanheis.（比较状语）英语句子结构英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下：S十V主谓结构HerunsquicklyS十V十F主系表结构Heseemsinterestedinthebook常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound,feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fallill/asleep，stand/sitstill，become，turn等S十V十O主谓宾结构They

11、foundtheirhomeeasily.S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构Heofferedmehisseat/hisseattome.带双宾语的动词有give，ask，bring，offer，send，pay，lend，show，tell，buy，get；rob，warn等S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构TheynamedtheboyCharlie.说明：S=主语；V=谓语；P=表语；O二宾语；O1二间接宾语；O2二直接宾语；。=宾练习一、指岀下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3. Ish

12、all-answer-yourquestionafter-class.-4.Whatabeautiful-Chinesepainting!5. Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hsjobistotrainswimmers.7. HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8. ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.9. HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10. Hiswishistobecomeascientist.11. Hemanagedt

13、ofinishtheworkintime.12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.13. HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.14. Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?15. Tobehonest,yourpronunciationisnotsogood.16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?17.Hesatthere,reading_anewspaper.18. _Itisour_duty_tokeepourclassroomclean_and_tidy.20.Theapplestastedsw

14、eet.19. Henoticedamanentertheroom.二、分析下列句子成分1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2. Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.4. Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.6. Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.7. -Iloveyoumorethanher,child8. Teesturngreenwhenspringco

15、mes.10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.much9.Theypushedthedooropen.三. 划分句子成分练习题(1)1.Theyareworkingonthefarmnow.2.Seeingisbelieving3. AllofuslikeKobeBryantvery4.Shebecameadoctorin19985. Thebooklyingontheflooraremine6.Suddenlyitbeginstorain7.Tocatchthetrain,Igotupearlyyesterday8.1alwaysfindhe

16、rhappy9. HewondersIfIstillstudyEnglish10. TheletterwhichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterdaywasafriendofmine11. WealwaysworkhardatEnglish.12. Hesaidhedidn'tcome.13.Shewatchedherdaughterplayingthepiano.14.Speakingdoesn'tmeandoing.15. ByethetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.16. Thechildrenboughtt

17、heirparentsacarforthe25thanniversaryoftheirmarriage.17.Ittakesmeanhourtogetthere.语法填空强化练习(1)Inthepastagentlemanwouldofferhisseat_(1)_aladyonacrowdedbus.Butnow,hewillprobablylookoutofthewindoworhidebehindhisnewspaper,_(2)_(leave)theladystanding_(3)_someoneelsegetsoff.Youcan'entirelyblamemenforthi

18、schangeinmanners._(4)_(go)arethedayswhenwomencouldbereferredtotheweak.Awholegenerationhasgrownupdemanding_(5)_(equal)withmeninjobs,ineducationandinsociallife.Holdadoorforsomewomen_(6)_youarelikelytoget_(7)_angrylectureontreatingwomen_(8)_weaklings.Takeagirloutforamealandshe'llprobablyinsistonpay

19、ing_(9)_shareofthebilAllthese,accordingtosomesociologists,willchangemen'sattitudetowardswomenandtheconventionalactivepolitenessisperhapsslowlybeing_(10)_(replace)bytrueconsiderationfortheneedsandfeelingofwomen,sothatmencanseewomenasequalhumanbeings.语法填空强化练习(2)InthesmalltownsoftheUnitedStatesinth

20、e_(1)_(nineteen)century,thegeneralstorewas_(2)_everyoneboughtthethingshecouldn'mtake_(3)_growathome.Whatthestoressold_(4)_(tell)agreatdealabout_(5)_lifeatthattime.Peopleboughttoolsthattheyneededforfarmwork;salt,sugarand_(6)_foodsthatthefarmdidn'tproduce;articlesofclothingthattheycouldn't

21、make_(7)_;shirtsforthemen;orclothesforthechildLifewassimplethen.Onefeelsthatpeoplewere_(8)_(thank)forwhattheyhadandthattheylooked_(9)_withcouragetowhateverthefuturebrought.Itwouldbeinterestingtoknowhowtheywouldfeelaboutthelifetoday.Woulditseemtothemthatlifeistoocomplex?Wouldtheyenjoy_(10)_(live)alifeaswedonow?语法填空强化练习(3)Doy