英语写作词汇技巧和原则

1、 Show-reveal( Show-reveal(显示）显示） The latest surveys reveal that quite a The latest surveys reveal that quite a few children have an unpleasent few children have an unpleasent ossociation with their homework.ossociation with their homework. 最近的调查显示，相当多的孩子对他们的孩最近的调查显示，相当多的孩子对他们的孩子的家庭作业没有什么好感。子的家庭作业没有什

2、么好感。 Think-deem(Think-deem(认为）认为） People deem computer skills People deem computer skills necessary to enhance their job or necessary to enhance their job or promotion motion opportunities. 人们认为拥有计算机技术科研获得更多人们认为拥有计算机技术科研获得更多的工作或提升机会。的工作或提升机会。专八写作用词概述专八写作用词概述 1. Appropriateness1. App

3、ropriateness：一篇好的文章，就要在不同风格的文章一篇好的文章，就要在不同风格的文章中选用不同种类的词。中选用不同种类的词。 要想用词正确，除了需要弄明白词的本义要想用词正确，除了需要弄明白词的本义和隐含意义外，还需要了解词在文章中可能和隐含意义外，还需要了解词在文章中可能给读者留下的印象等问题。按照给读者留下的印象等问题。按照高等学校高等学校英语专业高年级英语教学大纲英语专业高年级英语教学大纲的要求，掌的要求，掌握一些用词的知识和基本原则。握一些用词的知识和基本原则。 Hit the nail on the headHit the nail on the head (Choosin

4、g(Choosing forfor ExactExact Words)Words)。一个词往往。一个词往往有两层意思，即词的本义和词的隐含意义。有两层意思，即词的本义和词的隐含意义。要准确地捕捉一个词的隐含意义。要靠自己要准确地捕捉一个词的隐含意义。要靠自己在乎时的学习和阅读中积累和体会。在乎时的学习和阅读中积累和体会。 Examples of inappropriateness That corrupted official is famous for his lust.（notorious） This servileman is very modest before his boss.（h

5、umble） His wife is young, tall, skinny and beautiful.（slim/slender）Statesmen usually speak with tongue in cheek.（Politicians）2. Abstract V.S. concrete2. Abstract V.S. concrete 如果一个人在动，你可以笼统地说如果一个人在动，你可以笼统地说HeHe movesmoves，更具体一点，更具体一点HeHe walkswalks，更，更具体一点具体一点HeHe strutsstruts。 具体情况选用具体的词如具体情况选用具体的词

6、如strollstroll，stridestride，dragdrag，shuffleshuffle，slouchslouch，totter,totter, sway,sway, hobblehobble，lurchlurch，limplimp，plodplod，wander,wander, saunter,saunter, loiterloiter等，来等，来代替笼统词代替笼统词walkwalk。walk out of the room 小偷走出房间：slip out of the room 小姐走出房间：sail out of the room 小孩走出房间：dance out of th

7、e room 老人走出房间：stagger out of the room a. To watch Jack eating his ice cream stimulated me. b. To watch Jack savouring his ice cream made my mouth water. a. The flowers in my garden are in full bloom. b. The roses, lilies and violets in my gardenare all in full bloom.a. She put the waste paper into t

8、he dustbin quickly. b. She threw/thrust/swept the waste paper into the dustbin.3.BIG V.S. SMALL3.BIG V.S. SMALLA: At weekends, we have a lot of A: At weekends, we have a lot of homework to do.homework to do.B: At weekends, we have endless B: At weekends, we have endless homework to do.homework to do

9、. 3) A: The bathroom and the kitchen 3) A: The bathroom and the kitchen are good.are good.B. The bathroom and the kitchen B. The bathroom and the kitchen are well-furnished.are well-furnished.在表达要点时，在表达要点时，B B句使用了句使用了well well furnished,furnished,这比这比goodgood语气强，也显得生动。语气强，也显得生动。在造句时在造句时,“,“较高级词汇较高级词

10、汇”如能运用贴如能运用贴切自然，哪怕整篇文章只用上一个，也会切自然，哪怕整篇文章只用上一个，也会使你的作文显示出与众不同。使你的作文显示出与众不同。 避免使用行话及矫饰词来源：避免使用行话及矫饰词来源： 行话即专业术语，多用于专业性强的文章中，行话即专业术语，多用于专业性强的文章中，在普通文章里很少见，因为这类词容易令句子在普通文章里很少见，因为这类词容易令句子显得晦涩、不流畅，况且，八级写作很少会出显得晦涩、不流畅，况且，八级写作很少会出现专业性极强的题目，为此，我们在写一般的现专业性极强的题目，为此，我们在写一般的文章时，应该尽量避免，尤其是在可以使用其文章时，应该尽量避免，尤其是在可以使

11、用其它的词来表达的情况下，更不要用专业术语。它的词来表达的情况下，更不要用专业术语。请看下面的例句：请看下面的例句： WhenWhen l l askedasked mymy parentsparents ifif I I couldcould useuse thethe car, car, thethe feedbackfeedback waswas negative. negative. 可改为：可改为：WhenWhen l l askedasked mymy parentsparents ifif I I couldcould useuse thethe c car,ar, thethe

12、 answeranswer waswas no. no. (Or)(Or) WhenWhen l l askedasked mymy parentsparents ifif I I couldcould ususe e thethe car,car, theythey saidsaid not.not. 矫饰词，在写作时也是应该避免。例如：矫饰词，在写作时也是应该避免。例如： WereWere itit notnot forfor thethe lucrativelucrative financialfinancial rewrewards,ards, sheshe wouldwould ha

13、vehave tenderedtendered herher resignatresignatioin.ioin.可改为：可改为：WereWere itit notnot forfor thethe money,money, sheshe wouldwould havehave quit quit herher job.job.4.variation The interesting professor knows how to make an uninteresting class interesting. The humorous professor knows how to make a

14、dull/boring class enjoyable. a.We were greatly surprised to see so great a crowd of people visiting the Great Wall. b. We were much surprised to see so many people visiting the Great Wall. a.She is a good child at home and a good student at school. b.She is an obedient child at home and a hard-worki

15、ng student at school.5. authentic Chinese people are hardworking, brave, peace-loving, friendly, etc. Chinese people are traditionally known as being industrious, gallant (brave), peace-loving, hospitable, etc. Nowadays too many man-made products have been used in peoples life, so what is natural is

16、 better. Nowadays excessive artificial products have been used in peoples life, so what is natural is more cherished. The change in the translation section indicates that there is an increasing emphasis on English as a tool for communication and cultural exchange.PART VI WRITING (45 MIN)Is our socie

17、ty hostile to good people? According to a recent survey by China Youth Daily, 76.1 percent of the respondents say that our current society provides a “bad environment” for good people doing good things. On the other hand, the more optimistic would argue that each individual should try his or her bes

18、t to do good things and be nice to others, instead of waiting for the “social environment” to improve. So, what do you think? Is a sound social environment necessary for people to have high moral standards and be good to others?Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic:Is a sound social environment necessary for people to be good to others?In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate d