高一升高二英语暑期英语新高二英语之状语从句(1)(五)

1、21 / 21学员姓名：学科教师:年 级：高一升高二辅导科目:1、上次课后巩固作业复习；2、互动探索教学建议：1. Your age （你的年龄）；2.可以让学生就这个年龄话题发表一下自己对时间的思考，如果学生积极反馈，让学生用时间连词描述一下 自己难忘的成长历程，如，某一特别难忘的事或者那个年龄段前后个人发生的变化等。3.时间尽量控制在 5-10分钟。What always goes up and never goes down?（什么东西只升不降？）授课日期时间主 题状语从句（1）学习目标1 .掌握时间、原因和让步状语从句的常考连词；2 .熟练掌握时间和让步状语从句的常考句型；3 .总结时

2、间、原因、让步状语从句考点。教学内容此环节教案预期时间 60分钟教学建议：此部分记忆性的知识比较多，有部分是学生已经掌握的，建议老师采取提问的方式，或者采取先练习再讲解的方式，了解学生掌握情况，然后针对知识漏洞进行强调。状语从句定义Key concept:状语从句在复合句中起状语的作用，用于修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句一般由连词引导，连词不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。【知识梳理1】时间状语从句的引导词引导时间状语从句的从属连询很多，常见的有 before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as等。1.时间

3、状语从句常见的引导词：1)表示 当时候":whenEg. Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.(在)莫扎特4岁的时候，开始写音乐作品。批注：例句中的两个动作started和was,都发生在过去，客观描述过去事实，动词既可以用短暂性的，也可以是持续性的。具体辨析见节讲解。【例题精讲】例 1. It was April 29, 2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the weddingceremony.A. t

4、hatB. whenC. sinceD. before【答案】B【解析】句意为：2011年4月29日，威廉王子和凯特步入了婚姻的殿堂。2)在.期间:whileHe visited a lot of places while he was traveling.他在旅行期间参观了许多地方。批注：例句中的两个动作visit和was traveling,都发生在过去，主句用过去式描述过去发生的动作，从句用过去进行式表示一短时间持续的动作，用延续性动词travel.3)在.的同时；一边.一边.： asWe always sing as we walk.我们总是一边走一边唱。批注：例句中的两个动作sing

5、和walk几乎是同时发生的，用连词as连接表示一边 一边的意思。4)在.之后：afterHe left the classroom after he had finished his homework.他做完作业之后就离开教室。5) 在.之前：beforeMr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.布朗先生来这里之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。【例题精讲】例 1. John thinks it won 't be long he is ready for his new job.A. whenB. afte

6、rC. beforeD. since【答案】C【解析】所填词引导状语从句，构成It (will ) be+时间段+状语从句，意思是：过多久才将.,选Co常用句型：It is/was (not) + 时间 +before+ 从句It will (not) be+ 时间 +before+ 从句6) until/tilluntil在肯定句中通常只连用延续性动词，表示相应动作结束的时间；在否定句中通常连用非延续性动词，表示相应动作开始的时间，意为 直到才”。Eg. He waited until she was about to leave.他一直等到她准备离开。I did not begin to

7、work till he had gone. 他走了 后我才开始工作。批注：这两个例句中，第一个动词wait是延续性动词表示在某动作结束之前，一致保持的动作。第二个例句中，第一个动词begin是一个短暂性动词，表示知道他走了之后我才开始工作。【例题精讲】例 1. It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life we ve actually had that lesson.A. untilB. afterC. since D. when【答案】A【考点】本题考查状语从句的引导词。【解析】句意为：对我们来说在生活中得到启示是很难的，直到我们真正得到

8、了那一启示。A项为 直到”；B项为 在以后”；C项为 自从以来”；D项为当的时候”。7）表示匕就”：表示 J就“除用 as soon as 外，还可用 the minute, the second, the instant, the moment, immediately,directly, instantly, no sooner. than, scarcely/hardly. when 等。Eg. I came immediately you called. 你一来电话我就来了。Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 她刚至U就下起雪来了

9、。批注：第一个例句从句用过去式came,主句用过去时 called,表示一就的意思。第二个例句中，从句用过去式，主句用过去完成时。总结：连词短语表示的意思都是“一就的意思”。当主句是一般现在时，as soon as引导的从句要用一般现在时；no sooner. than, hardly. when等引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句往往和过去完成时连用；为了加强语气， 主句还可以用倒装语序。8）表示戳止（时间）”：by the time的意思是 戳止（时间）：可以引导时间状语从句。By the time引导的从句若是一般现在时，主句要用将来完成时；若是一般过去时，主句则要用过去完成时。Eg. By

10、 the time I got home, she had already gone to bed. 我至U家时她已睡觉了。By the time you receive this letter, I will have left this city for my hometown.批注：这两个例句中，第一个例句从句用过去式got home ,主句用过去完成时 had already gone to bed 。第二个例句中，从句用一般现在是，主句用将来完成时。扩展：“by+时间”还可以构成各种短语，在句子中作时间状语：By then（截止那时）；by nine o'clock （截止

11、9 点钟）By the end of last year （截至去年年底）； by last year （截止去年）；By the end of next year （截止明年年底）【知识梳理2】时间状语从句高考重难点突破1. when, while 和 as 的区另kEg.When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时，我停止吃饭。（瞬间动词）When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词）We were about to l

12、eave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。（瞬间动词）批注：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬间动词。并且when有时表示就在那时”。Eg.While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV . （was reading 是延续性的动词， was reading 和was watching同时发生）I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。（对比）批注：While引导的从

13、句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。Eg.We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示 边一边“）As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发 生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）批注：As表示 0边一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调先一后【例题精讲】例 1. In some places women are expected to earn mone

14、y men work at home and raise their children.A. butB. whileC. because D. though【答案】B【考点】本题考查连词的用法。【解析】句意为：有些地方 ，妇女被要求挣钱而男人在家里干活和养育孩子。从该句句意可知 ，此题用while 表示妇女与男人两种情况的对比。A项but表示车t折，C项because表示原因，D项though表示让步，B项while表示并列。2. before 与 after 的区别：Eg.It will be four days before they come back.他们要过四天才能回来。Einste

15、in almost knocked me down before he saw me.爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看至 U我。After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我们回家了。（从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时）批注：注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当 before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成就，才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句

16、和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。3. before 与 since 的区别Eg：I have been in Beijing since you left.自从你离开以来，我一直在北京了。Where have you been since I last saw you?自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了 ？批注：since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is +时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。【例题精讲】例 1. It is almost five

17、years we saw each other last time.A. beforeB. sinceC. afterD. when例 2. As it reported, it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded.A. whenB. beforeC. afterD. since1 .【答案】B【考点】本题考查连词的用法辨析。【解析】自我们上次见面已经过去5年了2 .【答案】D【考点】考查状语从句。【解析】“It is +时间段+since +从句（谓语为一般过去时）”为固定句型，故【答案】选 D。句意为： 芷如所报道的那样，自从清华大学建校

18、以来已有100年时间了。 ”4. “一就”表达方式：Eg.He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.他刚到家，就被邀请开始另一旅程。No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太阳刚从地平线上升起，他就起床劳动去了。批注： hardly （scarcely, rarely） - when / before, no sooner-th<an当

19、于 as soon as 之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当 hardly, scarcely, rarely 和 no sooner 位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。【巩固练习】（建议10分钟）：基础题：1. It was quiet those big trucks started coming through the town.A. before B. after C. until D. unless2. It seemed only seconds the boy finished washing his face.A. whenB.beforeC.afterD. even i

20、f3. Hardly had he reached the school gate the bell rang.A. whileB.whenC.asD. as soon as4. We were told that we should follow the main road we reached the central railway station.A. wheneverB.untilC.whileD. wherever5. I recognized you I saw you at the airport.A. the momentB. whileC. afterD. once6. 1H

21、e was about to go to bedthe doorbell rang.A. whileB. asC. beforeD. when7._I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.A. Every timeB. WhenC. WhileD. Until8.John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.A. AsB. As soon asC. WhileD. Till9.'The children ran away from theorchard （果园）they saw the guard.

22、A. the momentB. afterC. beforeD. as10.,No sooner had I arrived homeit began to rain.A. whenB. whileC. asD. than11.Several weeks had gone by _I realized the painting was missing.A. asB. beforeC. sinceD. when12.Itlong before we1the result of the experiment.A. will not be; will knowB. is; will knowC. w

23、ill not be; knowD. is; know13.What was the party like?-Wonderful. It 's yearsI enjoyed myself so much.A. afterB. beforeC. whenD. since14,.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as sheA. will arriveB. arrivesC. is going to arriveD. is arriving提升题：15.got into the room_ the

24、telephone rang.A. He hardly had; then B. Hardly had he; whenC. He had not; thenD. Not had he; when16. No sooner had he finished his talk he was surrounded by the workers.A. asB. then C. than D. when17. -Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?-Yes, I gave it to her I saw her.A. whileB.t

25、he momentC. suddenlyD.once18. I thought her nice and honest I met her.A. first timeB.for thefirst timeC. the first timeD.by thefirst time19. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he from the university next year.A. will graduateB. will have graduatedC. graduatesD. is to graduate20

26、. The moment the 28th Olympic Games open, the whole world cheered.A. declaredB. have been declaredC. have declaredD. were declared答案：CBBBA DACAD BCDBB CBCCD【巩固练习】 基础题1 .那位科学家认为，还要好几年这个理论才能付诸于实践。（before）2 .每次叫他做家务，他总是假装在看书。（every time）3 .互联网是个人电脑发明以来最重要的进步。（since）4 .如果你一收到消息就能给我答复的话，我将不胜感激。（the momen

27、t）5 .我们正在散步突然下起了大雨。（when）提升题6 .我们一致同意一旦得出调查结论，就尽早让公众知晓。(once)7 .她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)8 .不久之后，一些药品的价格就会再一次下调。(before)1. The scientist believed that it would be years before the theory was put into practice.The scientist believes that it will be years before the theory is put in

28、to practice.2. Every time he is asked to do housework, he always pretends to be reading.3. The Internet is the most important development since the creation/invention of the personal computer4. I would appreciate it very much if you could reply to me/give me a reply the moment you receive the messag

29、e.5. We were walking when it rained heavily. /We were having a walk when it rained hard.6. We all agree that once the conclusion of the investigation is drawn, it will be made known to the public as soon as possible.7. No sooner had she watched the TV program on the extinct species than she made up

30、her mind to join the wildlife protection organization.8. It will not be long before the price of some medicine is reduced again.【知识梳理3】原因状语从句1. Because, since, as 和 for 的区别1）语气：都可意为 因为“，但在语气上，because表示内在的、必然的因果关系，语气最强。其次是since,as, for。Eg. He has to leave becauseit is too late.批注：because引导的从句一般不放在句子的

31、开头。Eg. You needn't go with me, as you are busy.As I was afraid, I hid myself.批注：as用来表示原因时，只说明一般的因果关系，语气没有 because重，它所引导的从句，可放在主 句之前，也可放在主句之后。2）词性：Because, since, as都是从属连词。For是一个并列连词，用来附带解释说明前一分句的原因或理由，for引导的并列句，一般放在所要说明的句子的后面。【例题精讲】例 1. He found it increasingly difficult to read,his eyesight was

32、 beginning to fail. （2006 北京）A. and B. for C. but D. or【答案】:B【解析】："his eyesight was beginning to fail 是 “he found it increasingly difficult to read 的原因：因此本题应选用可以表示原因的连词for引导原因状语从句。3）位置：Eg. I went to see him, for I had something to tell him.我去见他，因为我有事要告诉他。As it was late, I had to go.由于太晚了，我必须走了。

33、Since everybody is here, let's begin.既然大家都知道了，我们开始吧。【例题精讲】例 1. A man cannot smile like a child,a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.A. so B. but C. and D. for【答案】：D【解析】：下划线处之后的句子补充说明"a man cannot smile like a child 的原因， 应选用for表原因2.原因状语从句易错点1） as与since, now th

34、at 一样表示双方都知道的原因，通常位干主句前，且均不可用于强调结构中被强调。2）当表示直接的因果关系，回答 why时，或有only, just, all, partly, not, but等副词修饰时，或用在强调结构中 都只能用 because3） for有时也可引出表示原因的分句，但它只能位干后面，不能位于句首，切前面要有都好与前一分句分开， 对前一分句加以解释或推断。4）不要受汉语意思影响将表示因为”的连词与表示 所以”的so连用。【巩固练习】基础题1. he was eating, he remained silent.A. SinceB. ForC. WhileD. Because2

35、. we have come, let's stay and enjoy it.A. ForB. AsC. BecauseD. Since3. Mary came to France in 1980 and it wasn 't long she became a French citizen.A. whileB. sinceC. beforeD. when4. the day went on, the weather got worse.A. WithB. SinceC. AsD. While5. He can't have gone out,the light is

36、 still on.A. becauseB. sinceC. asD. for6. journalism seems like a good profession, I would prefer to be a teacher.A. AlthoughB. EvenC. No matterD. Now that7. Mrs. Green was preparing dinner her husband hurried back.A. beforeB. afterC. whileD. when8. It was he wasn't ready that we went without hi

37、m.A. because ofB. becauseC. sinceD. as9. you know the importance of English, you should study it harder.A. BecauseB. ThoughC. EvenD. Now that10. you have seen bother fighters,will win?A. Since do you think whB. As - who do you thinkC. When whoeverD. Since who do you think答案：1-5: CDCCD 6-10: ADBDD【巩固

38、练习】提高题1 .既然经济舱位的票很畅销，我们应尽快打电话到售票处询问一下，以免坐失良机。(now that)2 .中国达人秀(China Talent Show)吸引了成千上万名各个年龄层的人，因为它给普通人以展示自我的机会。 (because)3 .谈判双方只关心各自利益，且对各自应承担的责任意见相左，至今没有在该问题上达成最终协定。(As)4 .由于粗心的新郎把那枚代表着爱情恒久远的钻戒落在了车上，所以新娘很不高兴。(because)5 .流行音乐之所以在年轻人中流行是因为它能满足年轻人表达自己情感的需求。(because)1. Now that the tickets for econ

39、omy class are popular, we should call the booking/ ticket office to inquire as soon as possible, so that we won't miss/lose the golden chance.2. China Talent Show has attracted thousands of people of all ages, because it offers ordinary people opportunities to show themselves.3. As negotiating p

40、arties only care about their own interests and hold different opinions on the duties they should take (respectively), so far no final agreement on the issue has been reached.4. Because the careless bridegroom left the diamond ring which stands for everlasting love on the car, the bride was so upset.

41、5. Pop music/ is popular among young people / because it meets their needs/ demands/ requirements/ to express their feelings.【知识梳理4让步状语从句1） 让步状语从句常见的引导词：2） Though和although:都表示 尽管”的意思（为 :Although he is rich but he is not happy.（可 :Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.虽然他很富有，然而他并不快乐.（为 :Although w

42、e have grown up, our parents treat us as children.（可 :Although we have grown up, our parents still treat us as children. 尽管我们已经长大了 ，可是我们的父母仍把我们看作小孩.批注：两者都当虽然讲，但从以上两个例句来看，两者且都可以与yet/still连用，但是不能与but连用。注意：although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多； though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。【例题精讲】例 1. Frank insisted that he was n

43、ot asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up.A. whether B. althoughC. forD. so例 2.the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.A. AlthoughB. As long as C. If onlyD. As soon as1 .【答案】B【解析】句意为：尽管我很费力才将他叫醒，但Frank坚持说他没有睡着。Although引

44、导让步状语从句。2 .【答案】A【解析】根据句意，引导让步状语从句。故选 Ao3） as意为 虽然，尽管 ”Eg. Heavily as it was raining outside, they started out very early.Young as he is, he knows a lot=Though he is young 或 Young though he is, he .批注：他虽然年轻，但懂得很多。though也有这种用法，可以替换as,但although没有这种用法.引导让步状语从句时，as引导让步状语从句时，意为 尽管，虽然”，从句多位于主句之前，而且必须使用 倒装语

45、序。通常如果从句中有形容词或名词作表语，则把表语置于句首，而且名词前要省略冠词； 如果从句中有修饰动词的副词，则将该副词置于句首；如果从句中有情态动词，则将情态动词后的 动词原形置于句首。注意：1 .名词提句首时，不加冠词：e.g. Teacher as he is ,he likes Chinese very much （teacher 前不力口 a 或 the）2 . though还可以用作副词，放在句末。e.g It was hard work; I enjoyed it, though=It was hard work, but I enjoyed it.那工作很苦，但是我喜欢干。【例

46、题精讲】例 1., he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.A. A quiet student as he may beB. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he may 【答案】BD. Quiet as he may be a student【解析】As作引导让步状语从句的连词时,从句中的表语要提到 as之前。如果表语是单数可数名词 ，名词前的不定冠词要省去。【答案】Bo4） ever if, even though. 即使We'll make

47、a trip even though the weather is bad.批注：even if/even though意为 即使，尽管“，引导的让步状语从句的内容既可以是事实，也可以是一种 假设。5） whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however 等弓 I 导意为 无论者B”Eg. No matter what happened, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind.批注：要注意连词在让步状语从句中所作的句子成分，例句中， whatever在句中作主语，另外，还要注 意从

48、句的语序。【例题精讲】例 1. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off we are to shake hands with.A. whicheverB. wheneverC. whoeverD. wherever例 2.you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A. However a serious problemB. What a serious problemC. However serious a problemD

49、. What serious a problem1 .【答案】C【解析】句意为 我们不论是跟谁握手的时候，我们常常将手套取下，以示尊敬。"shake hands with sb1示 与某人握手”，本句中的with后缺少宾语，结合句意选C项，whoever在句中引导让步状语从句。2 .【答案】C【考点】让步状语从句【解析】根据句意无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战"，而however表让步时其顺序应是：however +形容词+主语+谓语。however做连接副词，相当于no matter how,后接形容词或副词，意为 无论、不管”，引导让步状语从句，其序为“

50、however形容词、副词+主语+谓语”。5) while意为尽管，虽然”eg. While I admit his good points I can see his bad.尽管我承认他的长处，但我也看到了他的不足。批注：以上两个例句中，while引导让步状语从句，多用于句首。意为尽管，虽然"。while还常常作并列连词用，意思为 而，然而”表前后意义上的对比或转折，如下句所示：Eg. There's plenty of rain in the southeast, while there 's little in the northeast.东南部雨量充足，而西

51、北部则很少下雨。(表示对比)【例题精讲】例 1.volleyball is her main focus, she 's also great at basketball.A. SinceB. OnceC. UnlessD. While【答案】D【解析】句意为：虽然排球是她的主要项目，但她还擅长篮球。while虽然，尽管"，引导让步状语从句。Since自从“ once旦" unless除非”均不合题意。【巩固练习】基础题1. we gave him something to eat, he would save it up for his little sister

52、.A. WhateverB. HoweverC. WheneverD. Whichever2. Hard-working though he was,there was never enough money to pay the bills.A. /B. andC. butD. therefore3. Much hard he tried, he failed to catch up with the first runner.A. althoughB. asC. whileD. when4.1, I have to put it away and focus （集中）my attention

53、 on study this week.A. However the story is amusingB. No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story isD. No matter how the story is amusing5. he thought he was helping us with the work, he was actually in the way.A. AlthoughB. UnlessC. BecauseD. When提高题6. Paul has many ways to make a cl

54、ass active., he is popular with his students.A. As he is a young teacherB. He is as a young teacherC. Young teacher as he isD. A young teacher as is he7. She won leave the computer game her husband is waiting for his supper.A. as thoughB. even thoughC. whetherD. whenever8 .cell phones bring convenie

55、nce to us in our daily life, they have also caused many social problems.A. BecauseB. WhetherC. WhileD. As9 .these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect, in reality they require enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination.A. Even thoughB. AsC. In s

56、pite ofD. While10 .you write on a subject, you join in an ongoing, trans-historical conversation with others who have written about your topic.A. No matter what B. WhereverC. WheneverD. No matter how答案：1-5: AABCA 6-10:CBCDC【巩固练习】基础题1 .虽然全球性的金融危机使就业问题雪上加霜，大学毕业生还是对未来充满信心。（Although ）2 .学习中我们遇到任何困难都不能半途而废。（whatever）3 .不管你是反对还是赞成这个计划，明天中午 12点以前你得投票。（Whether）4 .虽然困难重重，但他父母还是设法及时赶到了上海。（despite ）提高题5 .尽管山高林密，医护人员还