建筑专业英语词汇心血自制

1、建筑专业英语词汇a. DESIGN BAS超计依据b. DESIGN STAGE 计阶段c. CLIMATE CONDITION 象条件d. GENERAL ROOM NAME用房间名称e. ROOFING & CEILING 面及天棚f. WALL(CLADDING)体(外墙板)g. FLOOR & TRENCH 面及地沟h. DOORS GLASS WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)1、玻璃、窗及五金件1. STAIRCASE、LANDING & LIFT(ELEVAT熊悌、休息平台及电梯j.BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRA材料词

2、汇及短语Bricks and TilesW和 xxLime, Sand and Stoned、砂和石Cement, Mortar and Concrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土Facing And Plastering Materials 面及粉刷材料Asphalt (Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉Timber木材1 / 35Metallic Materials 金属材料Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料Building Hardware 建五金Paint油漆k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL

3、TERMS 建筑术语Discipline 专业Conventional Terms一般通用名词Architectural Physics 建筑物理Name Of Professional role 职务名称Drafting 制图l. DESIGN BASIS计依据计戈惟议书 planning proposals设计任务书design order标准规范 standards and codes条件图 information drawing设计基础资料 basic data for design工艺流程图 process flowchart工程地质资料 engineering geological

4、 data原始资料original data设计进度 schedule of design2 / 35m. STAGE OF DESIGN 计阶段方案 scheme, draft草图sketch会谈纪要 summary of discussion谈判 negotiation可行性研究 feasibility study初步设计 preliminary design基础设计basic design详细设计detail design询价图 enquiry drawing施工图 working drawing, construction drawing 竣工图 as-built drawingn.

5、CLIMATE CONDITION象条件日照 sunshine风玫瑰wind rose主导风向 prevailing wind direction 最大(平均)风速 maximum (mean) wind velocity 风荷载 wind load最大(平均)降雨量 maximum (mean) rainfall 雷击及闪电 thunder and lightning 飓风 hurricanexxtyphoon旋风 cyclone降雨强度 rainfall intensity年降雨量 annual rainfall湿球温度 wet bulb temperature 干球温度 dry bulb

6、 temperature 冰冻期 frost period3 / 35冰冻线frost line冰冻区 frost zone室夕卜计算温度 calculating outdoor temperature 采暖地区 region with heating provision 不采暖地区 region without heating provision 绝对大气压 absolute atmospheric pressure相对湿度 relative humidityo. GENERAL ROOM NAME用房间名称办公室 office月艮务用房 service room换班室shift room休

7、息室 rest room (break room)起居室 living room浴室 bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室 locker room厕所 lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊 corridor档案室archive电梯机房 lift motor room车库garage4 / 35清洁间 cleaning room会议室（正式）conference room会议室 meeting room衣柜间 ward robe暖风间H.V.A.C room饭店 restaurant餐厅 canteen, ding room厨

8、房 kitchenxxentrance接待处 reception area会计室 accountant room秘书室 secretary room电气室 electrical room控制室 control room工长室 foreman office开关柜室switch gear生产区 production areaxx控制中心Mcc多功能用房utility room化验室 laboratory room5 / 35经理室 manager room 披屋（阁楼）penthouse警卫室 guard housep. ROOFING AND CEILING 面及天棚女儿墙parapetxxca

9、nopy屋脊 roof ridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线 water-shed二毡三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt檐口 eave挑檐 overhanging eave檐沟 eave gutter平屋面flat roof坡屋面 pitched roof雨水管 downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积 catchment area泛水 flashing内排水 interior drainage6 / 35夕卜排水 exterior drainage

10、滴水drip屋面排水roof drainage找平层 leveling course卷材屋面 built-up roofing天棚 ceiling楝条purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板 ceiling board防水层 water-proof course检查 xxinspection hole人孔 manhole吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板（窗帘盒）cornicef. WALL （CLADDING）体（外墙板）石专墙brick wall砌块墙block wall清水石专墙 brick wall without plasterin

11、g 抹灰墙 rendered wall石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board空心砖墙 hollow brick wallxxbearing wall非承重墙 non-bearing wall纵墙 longitudinal wall横墙 transverse wall7 / 35外墙 external (exterior) wall内墙 internal (interior) wall填充墙 filler wall防火墙fire wall窗间墙 wall between window空心墙 cavity wall压顶coping圈梁 gird, girt, girth玻

12、璃隔断glazed wall防潮层 damp-proof course (D.P.C遮阳板 sunshade阳台 balcony伸缩缝 expansion joint沉降缝 settlement joint抗震缝 seismic joint复合夹心板sandwich board压型单板 corrugated single steel plate 夕卜墙板 cladding panel轻质隔断 light-weight partion牛腿 bracket砖烟囱 brick chimney勒脚（基座）plinth8 / 35g. FLOOR AND TREN册面及地沟地坪 grade地面和楼面gr

13、ound and floor素土夯实 rammed earth炉渣夯实tamped cinder填土 filled earth回填土夯实 tamped backfill垫层 bedding course, blinding面层 covering, finish结合层 bonding (binding) course找平层 leveling course素水泥浆结合层 neat cement binding course混凝土地面 concrete floor水泥地面cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面 machine trowelled concrete floor水磨石地面terraz

14、zo flooring 马赛克地面 mosaic flooring瓷砖地面 ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面 linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面 precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面 tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面 acid-resistant floor9 / 35钢筋混凝土楼板 reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)乙烯基地面vin

15、yl flooring水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo地面做 2%坡 floor with 2% slope集水沟gully集水口 gulley排水沟 drainage trench沟盖板 trench cover活动盖板 removable cover plate集水坑sump pitxxhole up stand电缆沟 cable trenchh. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS &IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)玻璃、窗及五金件木(车冈)门 wooden (steel) door镶板门 panelled door夹板门 plywood d

16、oor铝合金门 aluminum alloy door卷帘门 roller shutter door弹簧门swing door推拉门 sliding door10 / 35xxside-hung door折叠门 folding door旋转门 revolving door玻璃门 glazed door密闭门 air-Tight door保温门 thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门 galvanized steel wire mesh door防火门fire door（大门上的）小门wicket门框 door frame门扇 door leaf门洞 door opening

17、结构开洞 structural opening单扇门 single doorxxdouble door疏散门 emergency door纱门 screen door门槛 door sill门过梁 door lintel上冒头top rail下冒头bottom rail门边木stile11/35门樟侧料side jumb梢口 notch木窗 wooden window车冈窗 steel window铝合金窗 aluminum alloy window 百叶窗(通风为主)sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter,blind)塑专冈窗 plastic steel wind

18、ow空腹钢窗 hollow steel window固定窗 fixed windowxxside-hung window推拉窗 sliding window气窗 transom上悬窗 top-hung window中悬窗 center-pivoted window下悬窗 hopper window活动百叶窗 adjustable louver天窗 skylightxx 窗 dormer window密封双层玻璃 sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁 reinforced concrete lintel 车冈筋砖过梁 reinforced brick lintel 窗扇 ca

19、sement sash窗台 window sill12 / 35窗台板 window board窗中梃mullion窗 xxmutin窗边木stile压缝条 cover mould窗帘盒 curtain box合页(钱链)hinge (butts)转轴pivot长脚较链 parliament hinge闭门器 door closer地弹簧 floor closer插销bolt门锁 door lock拉手pull链条chain门钩 door hanger碰球 ball latch窗钩 window catch暗插销 insert bolt电动开关器electric opener平板玻璃plate

20、 glass13 / 35夹丝玻璃wire glass透明玻璃 clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃)ground glass (frosted glas曲弹玻璃 bullet-proof glass石英玻璃quartz glass吸热玻璃 heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃 polished glass着色玻璃 pigmented glassxxglass tile玻璃石专glass block有机玻璃organic glassI. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR)休息平台及电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯 emerge

21、ncy stair旋转梯 spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯 crane ladder直爬梯 vertical ladder踏步step扇形踏步 winder (wheel step)踏步板tread14 / 35档步板riser踏步宽度tread width防滑条 non-slip insert (strips)栏杆 railing (balustrade)平台栏杆 platform railing吊装孑L栏杆 railing around mounting hole扶手 handrail梯段高度 height of flight防护梯笼 protecting

22、cage (safety cage)平台 landing (platform)操作平台 operating platform装隹平台 platform for loading & unloading楼梯平台stair landing客梯 passenger lift货梯 goods lift客/货两用梯 goods/passenger lift液压电梯 hydraulic lift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯 observation elevator电梯机房 lift mortar room电梯坑lift pit15 / 35j.电梯 xxlift shaftBUILDING MATER

23、IAL WORDS AND PHRASES筑材料词汇及短语Bricks and TilesW和 xx红砖 red brick粘土石专 clay brick瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖fire brick空心石专hollow brick面砖 facing brick地板石专flooring tile缸砖 clinkery brick马赛克 mosaic 陶粒混凝土 ceramsite concrete 琉璃瓦 glazed tile脊瓦 ridge tile石棉瓦 asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦 corrugated asbes

24、tos cement sheetLime, Sand and Ston歌、 砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marblexxwhite marblexxgranite碎石 crushed stone16 / 35xxrubble蛭石 vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂 course sand中砂 medium sand组）砂 fine sandCement, Mortar and Concrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥（普通硅酸盐水 泥）Portland cement 硅酸盐水泥 silicate cement火山灰水泥 p

25、ozzolana cement白水泥 white cement水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆（混合砂浆）cement-lime mortar保温砂浆thermal mortar防水砂浆 water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆 acid-resistant mortar 耐碱砂浆 alkaline-resistant mortar 沥青砂浆 bituminous mortar纸筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar 麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar灰缝 mortar joint素混凝土 plain co

26、ncrete17 / 35钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete 轻质混凝土 lightweight concrete 细石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete炉渣混凝土 cinder concreteFacing And Plastering Materials 面及粉刷材料水刷石 granitic plaster斩彳段石 artificial stone刷浆 lime wash可赛银casein大白浆 white wash麻刀灰打底 hemp cuts and lime as

27、 base贲大白浆两道 sprayed twice with white wash 分格抹水泥砂浆 cement mortar plaster sectioned 板条抹灰 lath and plasterAsphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphalt felt沥青填料 asphalt filler沥青胶泥asphalt grout冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼月旨asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝 bitumastic oakum石棉板 asbestos sheet石棉纤维 asbestos fiberTi

28、mber木材18 / 35裂缝crack透裂split环裂shake干缩 shrinkage翘曲 warping原木log圆木 round timber方木 square timber板材plank木条batten板条lath木板boardxxred pinexxwhite pine落叶松 deciduous pinexxsprucexxcypressxxwhite poplar桦木birchxxfir栋木oak19 / 35榴木willowxxelm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木 camphor wood防腐处理的木材 preservative-treated lumber胶合板plywoo

29、d三(五)合板3(5)-plywood企口板 tongued and grooved board层夹板 laminated plank胶合层夹木材 glue-laminated lumber纤维板 fiber-board竹子bambooMetallic Materials 金属材料黑色金属ferrous metal圆钢 steelbBar方专冈 square steel扁专冈 steel strap,flat steel型车冈 steel section (shape)梢钢 channel 角钢 angle steel等边角专冈equal-leg angle20 / 35不等边角专冈unequ

30、al-leg angle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢 wide flange I-beam T (之)字钢 T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢 light gauge cold-formed steel shape热轧 hot-rolled冷轧 cold-rolledxxcold-drawn冷压 cold-pressed合金钢 alloy steel钛合金 titanium alloy不锈专冈 stainless steel竹节专冈筋 corrugated steel bar变形钢筋deformed bar光圆专冈筋 plain round bar专冈板 steel plate薄钢板 t

31、hin steel plate彳氐碳专冈low carbon steel冷弯 cold bending专冈管 steel pipe (tube)无缝车冈管 seamless steel pipe焊接车冈管 welded steel pipe黑铁管iron pipe21 / 35镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe铸铁 cast iron生铁 pig iron熟铁 wrought iron镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire钢丝网 steel wire mesh多孔金属网expanded metal镒专冈 ma

32、naganese steel高强度合金钢 high strength alloy steelNon-Ferrous Metal 有色金属xxgold白金 platinum铜 copperxxbrass青铜bronze专艮silver铝 aluminum铅 leadAnti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene 尼龙 nylon聚氯乙烯 PVC (polyvinyl chloride聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate聚苯乙烯 polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin22 / 35乙烯基酯vinyl ester

33、橡胶内衬rubber ling氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青 xxbitumen paint环氧树月旨漆 epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer防锈漆 anti-rust paint耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint耐碱漆 alkali-resistant paint水玻璃 sodium silicate树月旨砂浆 resin-bonded mortar环氧树月旨epoxy resinBuilding Hardware 建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面专丁 spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板专丁 annular-

34、ring gypsum board nail螺丝screws平头螺丝 flat-head screw螺栓bolt高强螺栓 high strength bolt预埋螺栓insert bolt23 / 35胀锚螺栓cinch bolt垫片washerPaint油漆底漆primer防锈底漆 rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint调和漆 mixed paint无光漆flat paint透明漆varnish银粉漆 aluminum paint磁漆 enamel paint干性油drying oil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青 xxasphalt

35、 paint桐油 tung oil, Chinese wood oilxxred lead铅油 lead oil腻子puttyk. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 建筑术语Discipline 专业24 / 35建筑 architecture土木 civil给排水 water supply and drainage总图 plot plan采暖通风H.V.A.C (heating ventilation and airconditioning)电力供应 electric power supply电气照明 electric lighting热力供应 heat power sup

36、ply动力 mechanical power工艺 process technology管道pingConventional Terms般通用名词建筑原理 architectonics建筑形式 architectural style民用建筑 civil architecture城市建筑 urban architecture农村建筑 rural architecture农业建筑farm building工业建筑 industrial buildingheavy industrial25 / 35轻工业的 light industrial古代建筑 ancient architecture现代建筑 m

37、odern architecture标准化建筑 standardized buildings 附属建筑 auxiliary buildings城市规划city planning厂区内 within site厂区外offsite封闭式 closed type开敞式open type半开敞式 semi-open type模数制 modular system单位造价 unit cost概算 preliminary estimate承包商 constructor, contractor现场site扩建 extension改建 reconstruction防火 fire-prevention防震 ase

38、ismatic, quake-proof防腐 anti-corrosiondump-proof26 / 35防水 water-proof防尘 dust-proof防锈 rust-proof车流量 traffic volume货流量 freight traffic volume人流量 pedestrian volume透视图 perspective drawing建筑模型 building model建筑物理 Architectural Physics照明 illumination照度 degree of illumination亮度 brightness日照 sunshine天然采光 natu

39、ral lighting光强 light intensity侧光 side light顶光 top light眩光glaze方位角azimuth辐射 radiation对流 convection27 / 35传导 conductionxxsun-shade保温 thermal insulation恒温 constant temperature恒湿 constant humidity噪音noise隔音 sound-proof吸音 sound absorption露点 dew point隔汽 vapor-proofName Of Professional role 职务名称项目经理 project

40、 manager (PM)设计经理 design manager首席建筑师 principal architect总工程师 chief engineer土木工程 xxcivil engineer工艺工程师process engineer电气工程师 electrical engineer机械工程师 mechanical engineer计戈U工程师 planning engineer助理工程师 assistant engineer28 / 35实习生 probationer专家 specialist, expert制图员draftsman技术员 technicianDrafting 制图总说明

41、general specification工程说明 project specification采用标准规范 目 录 list of standards and specificationadopted图纸目录 list of drawings平面图plan局部放大图 detail with enlarged scale. 平面示意图 schematic plan of.平剖面图 sectional plan of.留孔平面图 plan of provision of holes剖面 section纵剖面 longitudinal section横剖面 cross (transverse) se

42、ction立面 elevation正立面 front elevation透视图 perspective drawing29 / 35侧立面 side elevation背立面 back elevation详图 detail drawings典型节点 typical detail节点号 detail No.首页 front page图纸目录及说明 list of contents and description 图例 legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图load diagram流程示意图flow diagram标准图 standard drawing.xxlayout of .地形图 topographical map土方工程图 earth-work drawing 展开图 developed drawing模板图 formwork drawing酉己筋 arrangement of reinforcement 表格 tables工程进度表working schedule技术经济指标technical and