定语从句关系代词

1、Step 1: RevisionStep 1: Revision1. Basic knowledge about attributive clauses1. Basic knowledge about attributive clauses. . 定语从句在句子中起定语作用，修饰一定语从句在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可修饰一个句子。受定语从个名词或代词，有时也可修饰一个句子。受定语从句修饰的词叫句修饰的词叫_，定语从句通常由关系代词，定语从句通常由关系代词_ _ _ 或关系副词或关系副词_引引导，这些词既指代主句中的先行词导，这些词既指代主句中的先行词, , 又充当定语从又充

2、当定语从句中的某个成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句中的某个成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和句和_定语从句。定语从句。 先行词先行词that, which, who, whom,that, which, who, whom,whosewhose when, where, whywhen, where, why非限制性非限制性asas 关系词的作用：关系词的作用： 1 1、连接作用、连接作用 把主句和从句连接起来把主句和从句连接起来 2、替代作用、替代作用 在从句中代替在它前面在从句中代替在它前面 的先行词的先行词 3、成分作用、成分作用 在从句中充当一个成分在从句中充当一个成分 He

3、is the man (that) I told you about.1. that 指人指人/物，作主语物，作主语,宾语或表语宾语或表语 (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）A plane is a machine that can fly.My hometown is not the one (that )it used to be.2. which 指物，指物，作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略) These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder （which） he is using ismade

4、in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?关系代词关系代词: : 3. who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.4. whom指人指人, ,作宾语作宾语 ( (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li. 5 . .Whose Whose 既可以修饰人

5、也可以修饰物既可以修饰人也可以修饰物, ,在句子中作定语，不可在句子中作定语，不可以省略。以省略。 The child The child whosewhose parents are dead is Tom parents are dead is Tom The book whose cover is lost belongs to me .The book whose cover is lost belongs to me .关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用是否可省关系代词that人/物主、宾、表宾可省which物主、宾、宾可省who人主、宾宾可省whom人宾可whose人/物定不可as人

6、/物/事情主、宾、表宾可省关系副词when时间时间状语不可where地点地点状语不可why原因原因状语不可1.先行词是不定代词先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, anything, something, nothing, everything 等时。等时。Do you know everything (that) he said? He bought nothing (that ) he was interested in. Little that is important is done. 2.先行词被先行词被all, any, every, few, littl

7、e, no, some 等修饰时。等修饰时。All the books that were published last year were very valuable. Every boy (that)the teacher taught in that school is smart. 3.先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及the only, the very, the last等词等词修饰时。修饰时。This is the very book (that ) I am looking after. The only computer that was b

8、ought in the shopping mall is broken. 关系代词只能用that不用which . 4.4.先行词同时包含了人和物时。先行词同时包含了人和物时。 He still remembers the things and the persons the things and the persons (that) he knew at school ten years ago. 5.5.先行词在定语从句中作先行词在定语从句中作to be to be 的表语时。的表语时。 The boy is that boythat boy (that ) he used to be

9、6.6. 以以who who 或者或者which which 开头的句子里含有定语从句并且关系代词开头的句子里含有定语从句并且关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语时。在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语时。 Who Who is the man that helped you with your English？ Which Which is the machine that was produced by your factory?1.The man _ stands there is Tom.2.The girl _ I met is Ms Li.3.The boy _ watch was l

10、ost is Tom.4.The book _ lies on the desk is his.5.The pen _ you bought is good.6.The magazine _ cover is red is nice. who / thatwho / that(whom / that)(whom / that)whosewhosewhich/thatwhich/that( (which / that)which / that)whosewhosepractice 1.Everything_ you say to him goes in one ear and out the o

11、ther.2.All _ is needed is a supply of oil. 3. The train is the last _ will go to Shanghai.4.The boy and the dog _ are in the picture are very lovely.5.The first lesson _ I learned will be forgotten6.The way_ you are doing it is completely crazy.thatthatthatthatthatthatI dont like the way (that / in

12、which) he speaks to me.注意:当先行词是the way时,关系词用:that/不填/in which.Which 用法whichwhich可以引导非限可以引导非限制性定语从制性定语从句，句，thatthat不能。不能。 He had failed in the He had failed in the mathsmaths exam exam，which made his which made his father very angryfather very angry.whichwhich可以用在介词可以用在介词后，后，thatthat不可。不可。That is the

13、 house in which That is the house in which Mark Twain used to liveMark Twain used to live一个句子中若有两个一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用定语从句，一个用thatthat引导。另一个不能再用引导。另一个不能再用thatthat，而用，而用whichwhich。He bought an American He bought an American magazine that could give him magazine that could give him so much English knowle

14、dge so much English knowledge and which could help him to and which could help him to kill the timekill the time5.Whose注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：the+n +of which; of which+the+n. 指人时，常用下列结构来代替：the+n +of whom; of whom+the+n. Do you like the book whose cover is green? Do you like the book of which the cover is

15、green?6.as 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做主语/宾语。 当先行词受as,such, the same 修饰时，关系词常用as。I have never heard such stories as he tells.This is the same dictionary as I lost last week. 注意：当先行词受the same 修饰时，偶尔也用 that表同一个，但as表同一类。She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding.She wore the same dress as her younger

16、sister wore.This is the same pen _I lost yesterday. A. as B. that C.the one D. A&B D比较：.the same pen as I lost. 表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像。则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支。.the same pen that I lost.区别区别 ：such.assuch.as引导定语从句He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.引导结果状语从句such.thatHe is such a clever boy that everyone likes.他是一

17、个人人喜欢的聪明的男孩。他是一个聪明的男孩以致人人喜欢他。 whichwhich和和asas都可以引导非限制性定语从句都可以引导非限制性定语从句asas引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前，引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后甚至可以分割主句。也可放在主句之后甚至可以分割主句。whichwhich引导的非限性定语从句只能放在引导的非限性定语从句只能放在主句之后主句之后。另外，。另外，asas常有常有“正如正如”“”“正像正像”的含义。的含义。 China is a developing countryChina is a developing country，as is known to allas is known to all 众所周知，中国是发展中国家。众所周知，中国是发展中国家。 JohnJohna