第十一章-英语降调、升调和降升调的语义含义及用法

1、第十一章 英语降调、升调和降升调的语义含义及用法2016年11月29日一、复习1. 用不同的语调朗读下列单词： 平调： increase comfortable important natural performance pronouncement 升调： in crease comfortable im portant natural per formance pro nouncement降升调： in crease comfortable im portant natural per formance pro nouncement2. 朗读短文： One Man in a Boat mp3

2、 Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anythingnot even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on t

3、he river, I always go home with an empty bag. “ You must give up fishing! ”my friends say.“Its a waste of time.” But they dont realize one important thing. Im not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all.3.对话朗读，注意语调：（p. 154: 13-07） (1) mp3A. Yo

4、ull never guess what happened to me last night!B. What?A. Well, I was just walking down the street when I saw a boy behaving oddly outside my neighbours house.B. What was he doing?A. Well, it looked like he was trying to climb in through a window.B. How old was he?A. Oh, about fifteen I think.B. Too

5、 young to be a burglar reallyA. Well, I dont know. They start young these days, you know. Anyway, I called the police but I felt awful when they arrived.B. Why was that then?A. It turned out it was my neighbours nephew! They were expecting him two hours later and had gone shopping!B. Well, its best

6、to be on the safe side.3.对话朗读，注意语调：（p. 154: 13-07） (2) I was hoping to go to town, but all morning it was pouring down, so I didnt go out at all. Im having problem with my Internet connection. Dont suppose you know anything about it, do you?4.朗读下列页面中的对话与文章 第十三单元课后练习1.2.3.4 （pp.151154）二、英语降调、升调和降升调的语

7、义含义及用法 在用英语进行人际交往时，要得体地进行交际，必须掌握英语的正确用法。英语中最常用的也是最重要的语调有三个：降调、升调和降升调。这三个语调都具有表义功能。我们应了解这三个调的基本意义和用法，通过大量的听说训练，正确使用这三个调，并养成得体的语调习惯。1、降调的基本意义和用法 降调的基本含义是肯定、完整、独立，即讲话人对所讲的内容肯定无疑、表达的意思完整、语法结构独立。 以下6种情况一般用降调： 1）陈述句： I am a student. We go down town every weekend. 2）特殊疑问句： What are you reading? When did sh

8、e get up? 3）强命令句： Turn right. Hands up, no harm 4）选择疑问句： Would you care for a cup of tea or coffee? Is the pen yours or his? 5）从句前面的主句： She was dancing when I came in. Its a long time since we saw each other. 6）感叹句： Its fantastic! What a great day!2、升调的基本意义和用法 升调的基本意义是不肯定、不完整、不独立，即讲话人对所谈内容不很肯定、所表达的意

9、思是不完整的、语法结构通常不独立，因此升调主要用于短语后面，也常常用于句中不完整的部分后面。以下8种情况一般用升调： 1）一般疑问句： Do you like English? Are you from China? 2）反意疑问句： You can speak English, cant you? This is your computer, isnt it? 3）选择疑问句的第一部分： Do you like English or French? Are you going to leave today or tomorrow? 4）句首状语： If its fine on the wee

10、kend, he will go to climb the mountains.5）列举人和事物时： She likes fruit, such as apple, pear, banana, and orange. 6）祈使句表示请求时： Come and see me again. Dont stay up too late.7）陈述句加问号时，表示听者想确认对方所讲的内容： You are a student? Its a fine day?8）有时问候和警告时用升调： Good morning. Mind your head. 3、降升调的基本意义和用法 降升调是降调和升调功能的结合,

11、多用来表达对比、保留、暗示、不同意、矛盾和警告等。降升调往往包含有言下之意，让听者去思考。降升调主要用于下列几种情况： 1）表示对比时用降升调。对比的两个词中第一个用降升调，第二个用降调。 例如： I can see the teapot but I cant see the tee.2）人们表示不同观点时， 经常用降升调。 例如： Most likely Ill fail in the exam. No, you wont.3）当一方没有听清另一方的全部内容而要求证时会用降升调。 例如： Ive just been to the Great Wall. Where did you say?4

12、）鼓励或赞赏别人时也经常用升调。 例如： you are working hard. Well down. 5）提醒和警告对方时也用升降调。 例如： be careful！ Mind your head.6）打招呼、告别和祝愿时也常用降升调。 例如： good morning！ Good-bye. Enjoy yourself! See you later.三、课堂练习1.判断下列句子的语调并朗读：They say they will send it by post.I cant find my pencil anywhere.Which subject do you prefer?Send

13、it to us as soon as you can.Can I help you?Do you mind if I open the window?Just a moment.Cheer up.Thats all right.Dont worry.三、课堂练习1. 判断下列句子的语调并朗读：They say they will send it by post.I cant find my pencil anywhere.Which subject do you prefer?Send it to us as soon as you can.Can I help you?Do you min

14、d if I open the window?Just a moment.Cheer up.Thats all right.Dont worry.2. A Short Talk On English Intonation mp3 Let us turn for a moment to the question of intonation, and instead of talking to you about it, let me give you some examples. Here is a sentence from Professor Daniel Joness Phonetic R

15、eadings in English that Im going to read to you on three different intonations, and I leave it to you to decide which of the three is English. Listen: （1）A bad-tempered dog, one day , found his way in to a manger, and found it so nice and comfortable that he made up his mind to stop there. Heres ano

16、ther one: (2) A bad-tempered dog, one day , found his way in to a manger, and found it so nice and comfortable that he made up his mind to stop there. Heres another one: (3) A bad-tempered dog, one day , found his way in to a manger, and found it so nice and comfortable that he made up his mind to s

17、top there. The first is the sort of thing that most of my German students say, the second is the sort of thing that many French people say. The last is a fairly normal English intonation, and you must study it as carefully as you study every other feature of English. Now I am going to read you a sho

18、rt story, and in it you will find examples of most of the usual forms of English intonation, and one or two rather interesting features that I will call your attention to afterwards. Listen: An artist was one day painting in a field when a shepherd came along, and after looking over the artists shou

19、lder for a long time, he said: “ What do you think youre doing?” “ Doing?” said the painter, “ Why, Im painting a picture. What do you think Im doing?” “ Is that supposed to be a picture of this field?” “ Yes.” “ I thought it was; It isnt very much like it though. Is that a sheep?” “ No.” “ I though

20、t it was. What is it?” “Well, it isnt finished yet, but its going to be a hayrick.”“ Well, why dont you put a sheep in the picture?”“ There is one.”“ Where?”“ Here.”“Do you mean to say that that funny little thing is a sheep?”“ Yes. What did you think it was?”“ I thought it was a cow. I dont think m

21、uch of your picture.”“ Hm, you seem to know more about painting than I do.”“ Well, even if I did I shouldnt know much.” And with that, he went on his way. Now, in that story you will find many types of English intonation, and you will also find an example of a very strange thing that can be done in

22、English by means of intonation. Use your repeater and listen to the words, “ I thought it was.” After “yes” you will find “I thought it was”, but after “no” you will find, “I thought it was.” Try to translate these two expressions into your own language, if your language is not English, and you will

23、 probably find it is not so easy as it looks.4. The Lion King(狮子王片段) mp3Mufasa: Look, Simba. Everything the light touches is our kingdom.Simba: Wow!Mufasa: A kings time as ruler rises and falls like the sun. One day, Simba, the sun will set on my time here and will rise with you as the new king.Simba: And this will all be mine?Mufasa: Everything!Simb