2022年初中从句总结

1、精品文档初中从句总结 一、重点知识讲解目录：A、中考必考点语法系统（9 项）1、状语从句专题 2、宾语从句专题 3、非谓语动词专题 4、动词不定数专题 5、反意疑问句专题 6、动词汇总专题 7、被动语态专题 8、主谓一致原则专题 9、现在完成时态专题 B、做题技巧专练（如何破解中考出题者设下的陷阱 3 项）10、中考完形填空专练 11、中考动词应用专练 12、中考阅读理解专练二、知识讲解：1. 宾语从句：使用宾语从句应注意些什么一、注意引导词的正确选用用于引导宾语从句的词语有：1. 连词 that, whether, if 等，其中 that 没有任何意义，也不能做句子的任何 成分，在非正式的

2、场合常被省略；whether, if 虽然不做句子的任何成分，但是它们有一定的意义，不能省略 whether, ifFO。2. 连接代词 what, which, who, whatever, whichever, whoever, whom, whose 等，它们均有自己独立的意思，且在宾语从句中充当一定的句子成分 ( 主语、宾精品文档精品文档语、定语等 ) 。3. 连接副词 when, where, how, whenever, wherever, however 等。4. 短语连接词 how much, how many, how long, how often, how soon, h

3、ow far 等。二、注意宾语从句的语序 宾语从句跟其他从句一样， 不管用什么样的引导词引导， 宾语从句的语序总是用 陈述语序。如： He asked where Li Lei was that morning. 他问李雷今天早晨 在哪儿。 I don t know what she is doing now. 我不知道她现在在干什么。三、注意宾语从句的时态 当主句为一般现在时的时候， 从句可根据具体情况选用各种合适的时态；当主句为一般过去时的时候，从句必须要用相应的过去时。如：Do you know why he was late this morning? 你知道他今天早晨迟到的原因吗？I

4、 don t know when he will leave for Shanghai. 我不知道他将什么时候去上海。He said that he didn t see the film last night. 他说他昨晚没看那场电影。但是，当宾语的内容表示一种永恒的客观事实或真理时，宾语从句须用一般现在时。如：The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets down in the west. 老师告诉我们说，太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。Our fathers said that practice makes perfe

5、ct. 我们的父辈们说，熟能生巧。四、注意正确使用形式宾语当宾语从句后接有宾语的补足语时，则要用it做形式宾语置于宾语从句处，而将真正的宾语从句移到宾语补足语的后面。如：he will finish his task in ten minutes? 能吗？精品文档Do you think it possible that 你认为他在 10 分钟内完成任务可精品文档五、注意宾语从句的否定问题当否定宾语从句时，一般直接对从句的谓语动词进行否定。如：I know that he wont tell a lie to us. 我知道他不会对我们说谎。He said he hadnt been to A

6、merica before. 他说他以前没有去过美国。他说他以前但是，当主句的谓语动词为 think, believe, suppose, imagine 等，若时态为一般现在时，谓语动词前又没有副词修饰时，宾语从句的否定应该转移到主句的谓语动词上。如：I don t think that he will come to help us today. 我想他今天不会来帮我们的忙了。2. 状语从句：状语从句。连词 +主语 +谓语 +宾语 修饰主句中的动词 , 形容词和副词 , 通常有从属连词引导 , 按其意义和作用可 分为时间 , 地点 , 条件, 原因, 让步, 目的, 结果, 方式 , 比较

7、 . 等 1. 时间状语从句 : 1) 常见连词有 after, as, before, once, since, till, (not)until, when, whenever(no matter when), while, as long as, as soon as etc. 2) no sooner than, hardly(scarcely, barely) when: 刚做 就 . 3) 还有 immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, every time

8、etc 2. 地点状语从句 : 一般用 where or wherever 引导 3. 条件状语从句 : 真实条件从句 :if, unless, so long as, provided that, supposing that, on condition that, in the event that, in case that etc 4. 原因状语从句 : 从属连词有 because, as ,since, for, now, that, in that, seeing that, considering that(鉴于 , 由于 ) 5. 让步状语从句 : 1): even if, t

9、hough, even though, while(尽管) no matter what/how/which, however, whatever, whichever, however etc. 精品文档精品文档2) 由 as 引起的让步从句 , 语气较强烈 , 被强调的词须放在句首 . 3) whether or, 不管 或6. 结果状语从句 : so that, so that, such that 7. 目的状语从句 : so that, in order that, for fear that, lest, in case 8. 比较状语从句 : 1) as as, not so/a

10、s as 2) 比较级 +than, so much/a lot more than 3. 定语从句：关系代词 who只指人，which 只指物。that 既可指人又可指物。 whose 后必须跟有名词，既指人，也可指物。关系词作主语时， 不可省略，作宾语时可省略。 whom只指人，只作宾语。关系副词where 指“ 在那里” ，when指“ 在那时” 。注意： 1. 引导定语从句的关系词有 who, whom, whose, that, when, where, why and which. 在非限制定语从句中 , 只可用 which, who, whose, where , when.,

11、如果指代前面整个句子 , 多用 which. 2. 当引导定语从句的先行词前有all, any, no, little, much, very first 等词, 或先行词前为形容词最高级所修饰时, 或先行词为 all, anything, nothing, something, everything 时, 从句的引导词只能用that. She is a girl (who/whom/that) I know very well. 精品文档精品文档That boy whose hair is very long is my brother. ( 所属 ) The girl who is tal

12、l is my sister. / I own a bike whoseprice is high. I bought a watch (which/that) I paid 100 yuan for. （指物）I prefer a place which/that is clean and quiet. I prefer a place where I can live a quiet life. （在这儿）I shall never forget the day when a boy helped me find my dog. 4.wish 和 hope:1wish 可接 to do s

13、th. /sb to do sth. /that 从句 . I wish to spend my summer holiday in Qingdao. 中考专练宾语从句( ) 1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take ( ) 2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never be

14、en ( ) 3 The students want to know whether they_ dictation today. A. had B. has . C. will have D. are ( ) 4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may ( ) 5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled ( )

15、6 Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? 精品文档精品文档A. who B. what C. when D. that ( ) 7 I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where ( ) 8 I hardly understand._ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who ( ) 9 She didnt know_ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if woul

16、d he be C. he will be ( ) 10 I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D.when ( ) 11 Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how ( )12 He asked me _told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose ( ) 13.Please tell me _what

17、last year. A.where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked ( )14.She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it ( ) 15 Did you know _? A. who he was looking after B. who was he lo

18、oking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after 状语从句( ) 1 The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there. A. because B. until C. why D. if ( ) 2 The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in. 精品文档精品文档A. went not; until B. didnt go; after C. went; until D. didnt go; until ( ) 3 I wont believe you_

19、 I have seen it with my own eyes. A. before B. until C. after D. when ( ) 4 He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday. A. didnt go; until; with B. wasnt go; after; to C. doesnt go; before; with D. didnt go; until; to ( ) 5 He _ back until the work _ done. A. isnt; will be B. isnt; is C. w

20、ont be; will be D. wont be; is ( ) 6 They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back. A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if ( ) 7 Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai. A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to ( )8Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing. A. will leave B. is l

21、eaving C. leave D. leaves ( ) 9 I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came ( ) 10 Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It _ by his father. A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought ( )11 I _ yo

22、u for a long time. Where _ you _? A. didnt see; did; go B. didnt see; have; gone C. havent seen; have; been D. havent seen; have; gone ( ) 12Tom_ China for 3 years. A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at ( )13 I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket. A. lost B. hav

23、e lost C. will lose D. didnt lose 精品文档精品文档( )14 -Hello! May I speak to Bob? -Sorry, but he _ for a month. A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away ( )15 I _ him since I began to live in the city. A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know ( )16 Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school for tw

24、o years. A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying ( ) 17Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill. A. because B. but C. until D. if ( ) 18_ you work hard, you will certainly succeed. A. Though B. If C. Because D. For ( ) 19There are _ many league members in class 2 _ in Class 4. A. both; and B. so; that C. either; or D. as; as ( ) 20-Do you have a big library? -No, we